St. Louis Car Company

St. Louis Car Company
	St. Louis Car Co. Builders—vehicle badge
Industry	Builder
Founded	April 1887; 137 years ago
Founder	William Lefmann, Peter Kling, Julius Lefmann, Henry Schroeder, Daniel McAllister, Henry Maune, Charles Ernst
Defunct	1974
Fate	Ceased operations
Headquarters	St. Louis, Missouri, USA
Area served	United States; Canada
Key people	George J. Kobusch, Peter Kling, John H. Kobusch, Henry F. Vogel, John I. Beggs, Robert McCulloch, Richard McCulloch, Robert P. McCulloch, Edwin B. Meissner
Products	Railroad passenger cars, locomotives, streetcars, and trolleybuses; automobiles
Parent	General Steel Industries (1960–)
Subsidiaries	St. Louis Aircraft Corporation

38°42′38″N 90°13′32″W / 38.710668°N 90.225509°W / 38.710668; -90.225509

The St. Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars, streetcars, interurbans, trolleybuses and locomotives that existed from 1887 to 1974, based in St. Louis, Missouri.

History

The St. Louis Car Company was formed in April 1887 to manufacture and sell streetcars and other kinds of rolling stock of street and steam railways supporting the traction industry. In succeeding years the company built automobiles, including the American Mors, the Skelton, and the Standard Six. The St. Louis Aircraft Corporation division of the company partnered with the Huttig Sash and Door company in 1917 to produce aircraft. During the two world wars, the company manufactured gliders, trainers, alligators, flying boats, and dirigible gondolas. Among their most successful products were the Birney Safety Car and the PCC streetcar, a design that was very popular at the time.^[1]

The firm went on to build some of the vehicles used in the transit systems of New York City and Chicago, as well as the FM OP800 railcars manufactured exclusively for the Southern Railway in 1939.

The St. Louis Car Company was headed by Edwin B. Meissner Sr., who died at age 71 on Sept. 12, 1956. Meissner was president of the company, one of the nation's largest manufacturers of railroad and light rail cars, and the St. Louis Aircraft Corporation. He was active for many years on the Jewish Federation Board of Directors, and served for over 20 years as President of Congregation Shaare Emeth.

The St. Louis Car Co., later known as General Steel Industries, manufactured St. Louis streetcars and trolleys and cars for far-flung transit systems such as the Paris Metro in France. Meissner's son, Edwin B. Meissner Jr., succeeded his father as head of the company, and continues to be an active member of Congregation Shaare Emeth.^[2]

Streetcars held sway in St. Louis and its suburbs from the 1880s until the mid- and late 1940s. Andrew Young records that new state-of-the-art buses began to encroach on the streetcars domain. New streamlined streetcars were brought into service in 1946 to replace older cars, some dating back to 1903.

In 1960, St. Louis Car Company was acquired by General Steel Industries.^[3] In 1964, St. Louis Car completed an order of 430 World's Fair picture-window cars (R36 WF) for the New York City Subway and was building 162 PA-1s (110 single units, 52 trailers)^[4] for the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey for their use on the Port Authority Trans-Hudson line to New Jersey.^[5] Also in the mid-1960s, the company completed building the passenger capsules, designed by Planet Corporation, to ferry visitors to the top of the Gateway Arch at the Gateway Arch National Park (then known as the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial) in St. Louis, Missouri.^[6]

St. Louis Car continued business until 1968 and ceased operations in 1974.^[7] The final St. Louis Car products were R44 subway cars for the New York City Subway and Staten Island Rapid Transit, and the USDOT State of the Art Car rapid transit demonstrator set whose design was based on the R44.

The St. Louis Car assembly plant and general office at 8000 Hall Street, St. Louis is now the St. Louis Business Center, a mixed use industrial and commercial complex redeveloped starting in 2005.^[8]

Selected Products

PCC streetcars (1935-1952)
Peter Witt streetcars
Trolley buses
Interurban cars
Gas-electric railcars
CRT/CTA 5003-5004 PCC elevated-subway cars (1947) - retired 1985
CTA 6000-series PCC elevated-subway cars (1950–59) - retired 1992
CTA 1-50 PCC elevated-subway cars (1959–60) - retired 1999
Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad Electroliner (1941)
Electro-Motive Company (EMD) gas-electric railcars - car body shells (1920s)
Fairbanks-Morse experimental center cab diesel switchers and FM OP800 railcars (1939)
GCRTA Red Line "Bluebirds" (1954–55, 1958)
MBTA #3 East Boston Tunnel cars (1951)
State of the Art Car heavy rail transit demonstrator set for USDOT (1972–74) - now at Seashore Trolley Museum
Illinois Terminal Railroad Streamliners (1948–50)
IRT World's Fair Steinway Motors (1938) - built for 1939 World's Fair
Metra Illinois Central Electric District Highliner electric MU cars (1971–72)
NJ Transit/NJDOT/Penn Central Arrow I (PRR MP85E6) electric MU cars - push-pull coach conversion (1968)
New York Central ACMU 4500 series (1950–51)
NYCT R8A (1939)
NYCT R17 (1954–55)
NYCT R21 (1956–57)
NYCT R22 (1957–58)
NYCT R27 (1960–61)
NYCT R29 (1962)
NYCT R30 (1961–62)
NYCT R33 (1962–63)
NYCT R33S (1963)
NYCT R36 (1963–64)
NYCT R38 (1966–67)
NYCT R40 (1967–68)
NYCT R40A (1968–69)
NYCT R42 (1969–70)
NYCT R44 (1971–73)
Chicago and North Western Transportation Company Gallery 7600 series coaches #1-16 (1955)
Pacific Electric "Hollywood" cars (1920s)
Philadelphia and Western Railroad original wood cars and freight motors (1907)
Hudson & Manhattan Railroad/PATH "K-car"/MP51 (1958)
PATH PA1 (1965) & PA2 (1967)
San Diego Class 1 Streetcars (1910-1912)
Seaboard Air Line 2027-2028 Railcars (1936)
SEPTA Silverliner III (PRR MP85) cars (1967)
Staten Island Railway R44 (1973) (last St. Louis cars)
U.S. Army (USAX) cars - various types including coaches, ambulance, cafeteria, sleepers
Union Pacific lightweight passenger cars, express and baggage cars (1960–65)
Victorian Railways Petrol Electric railmotor (1928)

A St. Louis Car-built trolley bus in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, in 1967
One of the few surviving Lisbon's São Luís type cars (series 400–474): of the original batch of 75 units, imported in 1901 and retired up to 1973, most were scrapped, three remain operational in Lisbon (a museum car restored to original condition and two modified for tourist duty since 1965, fitted with luxury upholstering — No.2, former No.435, on the photo), and five saw heritage use in Detroit in 1978–2003.