Sodalis (genus)

Sodalis
Scientific classification
Domain:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Pseudomonadota
Class:
Gammaproteobacteria
Order:
Enterobacterales
Family:
Pectobacteriaceae
Genus:
Sodalis

Dale and Maudlin 1999
Species

Sodalis is a genus of bacteria within the family Pectobacteriaceae. This genus contains several insect endosymbionts and also a free-living group. It is studied due to its potential use in the biological control of the tsetse fly. Sodalis is an important model for evolutionary biologists because of its nascent endosymbiosis with insects.

Occurrence and ecological significance

Sodalis was described in louse fly (Craterina melbae),[2] in stinkbug (Cantao ocellatus) [3] in Louse (Columbicola columbae) [4] and in other ectoparasites of water mammals (like Proechinophthirus fluctus, Louse).[5]

Species Candidatus Sodalis melophagi was described in sheep ked (Melophagus ovinus).[6]

Another species Candidatus Sodalis pierantonius str. SOPE is known as endosymbiont of rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) and can supply rice weevil with essential vitamins like pantothenic acid, riboflavin, and biotin.[7]

A species of bacteria within this genera, Sodalis glossinidius, was found in the hemolymph of the tsetse fly (Glossina morsitans).[8] This bacteria has been used in paratransgenesis approaches to fight sleeping sickness.[9] Genome analysis shows that symbiosis between Sodalis glossinidius and tsetse fly is evolutionary young. Sodalis has large genome and pseudogenes which remain, however, active in cell-free culture.[10] Fly cleared from its native symbionts can be successfully repopulated by Sodalis from other fly species.[11] This might be used in potential biological control of tsetse fly.

Free-living species

The Sodalis bacterium has also been identified as free-living with no association to insects.

Sodalis praecaptivus, was isolated from a hand injured by a tree branch.[12]

Sodalis ligni was found to be widely associated with decomposing wood of various tree species.[13] S. ligni, unlike other Sodalis species, contains nitrogen fixation genes. Such ecological trait might be important for other saprotrophs living in deadwood as this habitat is nitrogen-limited.[14]

Compared to endosymbionts, free-living Sodalis species are characterized by larger genomes, longer genes, and fewer pseudogenes. These characteristics point to asymbiotic lifestyle of these species. Due to known free-living species and related endosymbionts with evolutionarily young link to insect, the whole genus is important for studies about development of the insect endosymbiosis.

References

  1. ^ Oakeson, KF; Gil, R; Clayton, AL; Dunn, DM; von Niederhausern, AC; Hamil, C; Aoyagi, A; Duval, B; Baca, A; Silva, FJ; Vallier, A; Jackson, DG; Latorre, A; Weiss, RB; Heddi, A; Moya, A; Dale, C (Jan 2014). "Genome degeneration and adaptation in a nascent stage of symbiosis". Genome Biology and Evolution. 6 (1): 76–93. doi:10.1093/gbe/evt210. PMC 3914690. PMID 24407854.
  2. ^ Novakova, Eva; Hypsa, Vaclav (April 2007). "A new Sodalis lineage from bloodsucking fly Craterina melbae (Diptera, Hippoboscoidea) originated independently of the tsetse flies symbiont Sodalis glossinidius". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 269 (1): 131–135. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00620.x. PMID 17227456.
  3. ^ Kaiwa, Nahomi; Hosokawa, Takahiro; Kikuchi, Yoshitomo; Nikoh, Naruo; Meng, Xian Ying; Kimura, Nobutada; Ito, Motomi; Fukatsu, Takema (2010-06-01). "Primary Gut Symbiont and Secondary, Sodalis-Allied Symbiont of the Scutellerid Stinkbug Cantao ocellatus". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 76 (11): 3486–3494. Bibcode:2010ApEnM..76.3486K. doi:10.1128/AEM.00421-10. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 2876435. PMID 20400564.
  4. ^ Fukatsu, Takema; Koga, Ryuichi; Smith, Wendy A.; Tanaka, Kohjiiro; Nikoh, Naruo; Sasaki-Fukatsu, Kayoko; Yoshizawa, Kazunori; Dale, Colin; Clayton, Dale H. (2007-10-15). "Bacterial Endosymbiont of the Slender Pigeon Louse, Columbicola columbae, Allied to Endosymbionts of Grain Weevils and Tsetse Flies". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 73 (20): 6660–6668. Bibcode:2007ApEnM..73.6660F. doi:10.1128/AEM.01131-07. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 2075037. PMID 17766458.
  5. ^ Boyd, Bret M.; Allen, Julie M.; Koga, Ryuichi; Fukatsu, Takema; Sweet, Andrew D.; Johnson, Kevin P.; Reed, David L. (2016-06-01). "Two Bacterial Genera, Sodalis and Rickettsia, Associated with the Seal Louse Proechinophthirus fluctus (Phthiraptera: Anoplura)". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 82 (11): 3185–3197. Bibcode:2016ApEnM..82.3185B. doi:10.1128/AEM.00282-16. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 4959230. PMID 26994086.
  6. ^ Chrudimský, Tomáš; Husník, Filip; Nováková, Eva; Hypša, Václav (2012-07-17). "Candidatus Sodalis melophagi sp. nov.: Phylogenetically Independent Comparative Model to the Tsetse Fly Symbiont Sodalis glossinidius". PLOS ONE. 7 (7): e40354. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...740354C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040354. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3398932. PMID 22815743.
  7. ^ Heddi, A.; Grenier, A.-M.; Khatchadourian, C.; Charles, H.; Nardon, P. (1999-06-08). "Four intracellular genomes direct weevil biology: Nuclear, mitochondrial, principal endosymbiont, and Wolbachia". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 96 (12): 6814–6819. Bibcode:1999PNAS...96.6814H. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.12.6814. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 21998. PMID 10359795.
  8. ^ Dale, C.; Maudlin, I. (1 January 1999). "Sodalis gen. nov. and Sodalis glossinidius sp. nov., a microaerophilic secondary endosymbiont of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans morsitans". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 49 (1): 267–275. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-1-267. PMID 10028272.
  9. ^ De Vooght, Linda; Caljon, Guy; De Ridder, Karin; Van Den Abbeele, Jan (2014-11-07). "Delivery of a functional anti-trypanosome Nanobody in different tsetse fly tissues via a bacterial symbiont, Sodalis glossinidius". Microbial Cell Factories. 13: 156. doi:10.1186/s12934-014-0156-6. ISSN 1475-2859. PMC 4230353. PMID 25376234.
  10. ^ Goodhead, Ian; Blow, Frances; Brownridge, Philip; Hughes, Margaret; Kenny, John; Krishna, Ritesh; McLean, Lynn; Pongchaikul, Pisut; Beynon, Rob; Darby, Alistair C. (2020). "Large-scale and significant expression from pseudogenes in Sodalis glossinidius – a facultative bacterial endosymbiont". Microbial Genomics. 6 (1): e000285. doi:10.1099/mgen.0.000285. PMC 7067036. PMID 31922467.
  11. ^ Weiss, Brian L.; Mouchotte, Rosa; Rio, Rita V. M.; Wu, Yi-neng; Wu, Zheyang; Heddi, Abdelaziz; Aksoy, Serap (2006-11-01). "Interspecific Transfer of Bacterial Endosymbionts between Tsetse Fly Species: Infection Establishment and Effect on Host Fitness". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 72 (11): 7013–7021. Bibcode:2006ApEnM..72.7013W. doi:10.1128/AEM.01507-06. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 1636136. PMID 16950907.
  12. ^ Chari, Abhishek; Oakeson, Kelly F.; Enomoto, Shinichiro; Jackson, D. Grant; Fisher, Mark A.; Dale, Colin (2015-05-01). "Phenotypic characterization of Sodalis praecaptivus sp. nov., a close non-insect-associated member of the Sodalis-allied lineage of insect endosymbionts". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 65 (Pt_5): 1400–1405. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.000091. ISSN 1466-5026. PMC 4635462. PMID 25782768.
  13. ^ Tláskal, Vojtěch; Pylro, Victor Satler; Žifčáková, Lucia; Baldrian, Petr (2021-06-11). "Ecological Divergence Within the Enterobacterial Genus Sodalis: From Insect Symbionts to Inhabitants of Decomposing Deadwood". Frontiers in Microbiology. 12: 668644. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.668644. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 8226273. PMID 34177846. S2CID 235397197.
  14. ^ Tláskal, Vojtěch; Brabcová, Vendula; Větrovský, Tomáš; Jomura, Mayuko; López-Mondéjar, Rubén; Oliveira Monteiro, Lummy Maria; Saraiva, João Pedro; Human, Zander Rainier; Cajthaml, Tomáš; Nunes da Rocha, Ulisses; Baldrian, Petr (2021-02-23). Faust, Karoline (ed.). "Complementary Roles of Wood-Inhabiting Fungi and Bacteria Facilitate Deadwood Decomposition". mSystems. 6 (1). Yahya Kooch, Maraike Probst. doi:10.1128/mSystems.01078-20. ISSN 2379-5077. PMC 7901482. PMID 33436515.

Read other articles:

Mahram

Bagian dari seriIslam Rukun Iman Keesaan Allah Malaikat Kitab-kitab Allah Nabi dan Rasul Allah Hari Kiamat Qada dan Qadar Rukun Islam Syahadat Salat Zakat Puasa Haji Sumber hukum Islam al-Qur'an Sunnah (Hadis, Sirah) Tafsir Akidah Fikih Syariat Sejarah Garis waktu Muhammad Ahlulbait Sahabat Nabi Khulafaur Rasyidin Khalifah Imamah Ilmu pengetahuan Islam abad pertengahan Penyebaran Islam Penerus Muhammad Budaya dan masyarakat Akademik Akhlak Anak-anak Dakwah Demografi Ekonomi Feminisme Filsafat...

 

László III dari Hungaria

László IIILászló digambarkan di dalam kronik János ThuróczyRaja Hungaria dan KroasiaBerkuasa1204–1205Penobatan26 Agustus 1204PendahuluImrePenerusAndrás IIWaliAndrás IIInformasi pribadiKelahiranskt. 1200Kematian7 Mei 1205 – 1200; umur -6–-5 tahunWinaPemakamanBasilika SzékesfehérvárDynastyWangsa ÁrpádAyahImreIbuGonstanza dari AragonAgamaKatolik Roma László III (Hongaria: III. Lászlócode: hu is deprecated , Slovak dan Kroasia: Ladislav IIIcode: hr is deprecate...

 

Fachrul Baraqbah

Fachrul BaraqbahLahir1925Tenggarong, Hindia BelandaMeninggal1984Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur, IndonesiaPartai politik Partai Komunis IndonesiaGerakan politikBPRI Pemuda Sosialis Indonesia Sayid Fachrul Baraqbah (1925–1984) adalah seorang politikus Indonesia yang merupakan bangsawan Kutai dan mantan Sekretaris Comite Daerah Besar (CDB) PKI di Kalimantan Timur sampai ia ditangkap pada tahun 1965 saat terjadinya represi antikomunis yang mendahului transisi Orde Baru. Sebagai seorang aristokrat...

PowerBook 180

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: PowerBook 180 – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Laptop by Apple Computer Macintosh PowerBook 180 and 180cPowerBook 180cDeveloperApple ComputerTypeLaptopRelease dateOctober 19,...

 

Asanga

Patung kayu Jepang Asaṅga dari tahun 1208 Masehi Asaṅga (Tibet: ཐོགས་མེད།; Wylie: thogs med, Hanzi Tradisional: 無著; Pinyin: Wúzhuó; Romaji: Mujaku) (hidup pada abad ke-4 Masehi) adalah salah satu figur spiritual paling penting dari Buddha Mahayana dan pendiri mazhab Yogacara.[1][2] Secara tradisional, ia dan saudara tirinya Vasubandhu dipandang sebagai pakar Sanskerta India klasik besar dari Mahayana Abhidharma, pikiran Vijñanava...

 

2023 Auckland shooting

Fatal mass shooting in New Zealand 2023 Auckland shootingLower Queen Street in February 2023. One Queen Street is under construction in the centre, with the ferry terminal beyond it. Britomart station is at near right.LocationOne Queen Street, Auckland, New ZealandCoordinates36°50′36″S 174°46′00″E / 36.84333°S 174.76667°E / -36.84333; 174.76667Date20 July 2023 7:20 am (NZST; UTC+12)Attack typeMass shooting, workplace shootingWeaponsPump-action shotgunD...

CGS-12066A

Chemical compound CGS-12066AIdentifiers IUPAC name 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline CAS Number109028-10-6 YPubChem CID2689IUPHAR/BPS109ChemSpider2588 NUNIIVJ9I4R0C0CCompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID3043730 Chemical and physical dataFormulaC17H17F3N4Molar mass334.346 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)Interactive image SMILES C3CN(C)CCN3c2nc1cc(C(F)(F)F)ccc1n4cccc24 InChI InChI=1S/C17H17F3N4/c1-22-7-9-23(10-8-22)16-15-3-2-6-24(15)14-5-4-12(17(18,19)20)1...

 

Langage humain

Vous lisez un « bon article » labellisé en 2018. Pour un article plus général, voir Langage. Peinture murale mexicaine (IIe siècle) montrant un phylactère ou « bulle » sortant de la bouche d'une personne pour symboliser ses paroles. Inscription en cunéiforme. Deux filles apprennent la langue des signes. Livre en braille. Le langage humain est un système qui regroupe le développement, l'acquisition, l'entretien et l'utilisation de systèmes complexes de co...

 

Michelle Keegan

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada September 2016. Michelle KeeganLahir3 Juni 1987 (umur 36)Stockport, Greater Manchester, InggrisPekerjaanAktris, ModelTahun aktif2007–sekarangDikenal atasPeran sebagai Tina McIntyreKarya terkenalTina McIntyre di Coronation StreetTelevisiCoronation Street ...

مهنة

طالع أيضًا: وظيفة وشغل وعمل وحرفة المهنة هي وظيفة مبنية على أساس من العلم والخبرة اختيرت اختياراً مناسباً حسب مجال العمل الخاص بها وهي تتطلب مهارات وتخصصات معينة ويحكمها قوانين وآداب لتنظيم العمل بها كما يمكن تعريفها بأنها الحرفة التي بواسطتها تعرف إمكانية تطبيق المعرفة �...

 

واقية ذراع

واقي ذراع كيتوه، جلد مزين بالفضة والفيروز، مع قوس واقية الذراع[1] هي حزام أو غمد، مصنوع عادة من الجلد أو الحجر أو اللدائن ، ويغطي السطح البطني (الداخلي) لذراع رامي السهام الذي يحمل القوس. فهي تحمي ساعد الرامي من الإصابة بسبب الجَلْد العَرَضي من الوتر أو قذة السهم أثناء ال...

 

Cá mập bò mắt trắng

Carcharhinus leucasTình trạng bảo tồnSắp bị đe dọa  (IUCN 3.1)[1]Phân loại khoa họcGiới (regnum)AnimaliaNgành (phylum)ChordataLớp (class)ChondrichthyesPhân lớp (subclass)ElasmobranchiiBộ (ordo)CarcharhiniformesHọ (familia)CarcharhinidaeChi (genus)CarcharhinusLoài (species)C. leucasDanh pháp hai phầnCarcharhinus leucas(J. P. Müller và Henle, 1839) Sự phân bổ của cá mập bò Cá mập bò mắt trắng, Carcharhinus leucas, còn đượ...

Human male sexuality

Feelings and behaviors Male sexuality redirects here. For sexuality of non-human male animals, see Animal sexual behavior. Human male sexuality encompasses a wide variety of feelings and behaviors. Men's feelings of attraction may be caused by various physical and social traits of their potential partner. Men's sexual behavior can be affected by many factors, including evolved predispositions, individual personality, upbringing, and culture. While most men are heterosexual, there are minoriti...

 

Sideways

2004 American comedy-drama film by Alexander Payne This article is about the film. For other uses, see Sideways (disambiguation). SidewaysTheatrical release posterDirected byAlexander PayneScreenplay by Alexander Payne Jim Taylor Based onSidewaysby Rex PickettProduced byMichael LondonStarring Paul Giamatti Thomas Haden Church Virginia Madsen Sandra Oh CinematographyPhedon PapamichaelEdited byKevin TentMusic byRolfe KentProductioncompanyMichael London ProductionsDistributed byFox Searchlight P...

 

Para powerlifting at the 2022 Commonwealth Games – Women's lightweight

Main article: Para powerlifting at the 2022 Commonwealth Games Para powerlifting – Women's lightweight at the 2022 Commonwealth GamesVenueNational Exhibition CentreDates4 AugustCompetitors8 from 6 nationsWinning points102.2Medalists  Zoe Newson   England Olivia Broome   England Hellen Kariuki   Kenya← 20182026 → Para powerlifting at the2022 Commonwealth GamesQualificationMenWomenlightweightlightweighthea...

Han Zigao

Chinese general Han ZigaoBornHan Manzi538Jingshi Jiankang, ChinaDied567 (aged 28–29)ChinaNationalityChineseOccupationGeneralParentHan Yanqing (father) Han Zigao (Chinese: 韩子高; pinyin: Hán Zigāo; 538–567), formerly known as Han Manzi (韓蠻子), was a Chinese general. He is recorded in history for his beauty and for being the favorite lover of Emperor Wen of Chen.[1] Biography Han Zigao was born as Han Manzi in 538. He was born in Jingshi Jiankang (now Nan...

 

Ottawa

OttawaCity of Ottawa / Ville d'Ottawa Capital federal de Canadá Collage con imágenes de la ciudad: el Parlamento de Canadá, Rideau Hall, centro de Ottawa, Château Laurier, Galería Nacional de Canadá, y el Canal Rideau. BanderaEscudo Lema: Advance Ottawa / Ottawa en avant.[2]​ OttawaLocalización de Ottawa en Canadá OttawaLocalización de Ottawa en Ontario Plano de OttawaCoordenadas 45°25′29″N 75°41′42″O / 45.424722222222, -75.695Idioma oficial Inglés y ...

 

مارك كوليت

هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (أبريل 2018) مارك كوليت معلومات شخصية الميلاد 3 أكتوبر 1980 (44 سنة)  مواطنة المملكة المتحدة...

Gudiyatham Assembly constituency

State Legislative Assembly Constituency in Tamil Nadu GudiyathamConstituency No. 46 for the Tamil Nadu Legislative AssemblyConstituency detailsCountryIndiaRegionSouth IndiaStateTamil NaduDistrictVelloreLS constituencyVelloreTotal electors2,89,677[1]ReservationSCMember of Legislative Assembly16th Tamil Nadu Legislative AssemblyIncumbent V. Amulu Party  DMKElected year2021 Gudiyatham or 'Gudiyattam' is a state assembly constituency in Tamil Nadu, India.[2] Its State As...

 

Triple saut

Triple saut Le triple sauteur britannique Phillips Idowu en 2009. Caractéristiques Catégorie Sauts Genre M/F Surface Piste extérieure et couverte Apparition JO Hommes : 1896Femmes : 1996 Records masculins Record du monde 18,29 m :Jonathan Edwards (1995) Record du monde en salle 18,07 m :Hugues Fabrice Zango (2021) Record olympique 18,09 m :Kenny Harrison (1996) Records féminins Record du monde 15,67 m :Yulimar Rojas (2021) Record du monde...