Siobhán O'Neill, Countess of Tyrone[1] (née O'Donnell; Irish: Siobhán Ní Domhnaill; died January 1591), sometimes anglicisedJoanna, Joan, or Judith,[2] was a sixteenth-century Irish Gaelic noblewoman of the O'Donnell clan. She was the second wife of Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, bearing him most of his children.
Historian Helena Concannon believes Siobhán was born c. 1569,[8] and that her mother was Iníon Dubh,[9] whom her father married in 1569.[2][10][11] However, Siobhán's marriage in 1574 makes that date of birth extremely unlikely.[12][1][4]
From the late-1560s to early-1570s, Hugh O'Neill (then 3rd Baron Dungannon) allied with many neighbouring clans to strength his political position.[3] Siobhán married O'Neill in June 1574.[17][1][5]Walter Devereaux, the 1st Earl of Essex, announced their marriage on 14 June.[2] O'Neill had annulled his first marriage earlier the same year, on the grounds of consanguinity.[18] This was in order to cut ties with his first father-in-law, who had been arrested for treason.[19]
In 1579,[20] O'Neill became frustrated with his failure to seize the title of The O'Neill from clan chief Turlough Luineach O'Neill. He repudiated his marriage to Siobhán, and planned to wed one of Turlough's daughters, in a ploy to become Turlough's tanist. His plan failed and Hugh reconciled with Siobhán.[3]
The O'Neill-O'Donnell clan alliance would develop further by 1587, when Siobhán's younger half-brother Hugh Roe was betrothed to Rose, O'Neill's daughter[21][10][15] (born from either an earlier marriage[22][23] or a concubine[24]).
Death
In a letter dated 31 January 1591, O'Neill informed Lord Burghley of Siobhán's recent death.[25][26] He remarried to Anglo-Irish noblewoman Mabel Bagenal on 3 August 1591.[27]
Children
Siobhán and Hugh had two sons and multiple daughters:
Mary (fl. 1608), who married Brian McHugh Og MacMahon.[38][39] According to historian George Hill, she is the same woman who married Sir Ross McMahon.[40][41]
^Her death date has alternately been given as 1639, 26 April 1640, or sometime after 31 March 1642.[32]
^Dunlop believes that her mother was Catherine Magennis.[28] More recently, Casway and Cokayne believe her mother was Siobhan O'Donnell,[1][42] which, based on Alice's birthdate, is more likely.
References
Citations
^O'Donnell 2018. Francis Martin O'Donnell names Sir Hugh's first wife as "Nuala, a daughter of O’Neill".
^ abWalsh 1930, pp. 17–18. Cite error: The named reference "FOOTNOTEWalsh193017–18" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
^Concannon 1920, p. 218-219. "Siobhan was probably the eldest of the family, and must have been born not later than 1569." "We know little of Siobhan, who can hardly have been more than one-and- twenty, when she died in 1590."
^Cokayne 1910, p. 174. "[The 1st Earl of Antrim] m., 1604, Alice, da. of Hugh (O'Neill), Earl of Tyrone [I], by his 2nd wife, Joanna, da. of Hugh McManus O'Donnell."