Silver Creek (Harney County, Oregon)

This article is about a stream in Oregon. For other uses, see Silver Creek.
Silver Creek
Flowing through fields north of Riley
Silver Creek (Harney County, Oregon) is located in Oregon
Silver Creek (Harney County, Oregon)
Location of the mouth of Silver Creek in Oregon
Location
CountryUnited States
StateOregon
CountyHarney
Physical characteristics
SourceBlue Mountains
 • locationnear Snow Mountain between Burns and Paulina in, Harney County, Oregon
 • coordinates43°56′28″N 119°33′25″W / 43.94111°N 119.55694°W / 43.94111; -119.55694[1]
 • elevation5,830 ft (1,780 m)[2]
MouthHarney Lake
 • location
downstream of Riley, Harney County, Oregon
 • coordinates
43°15′47″N 119°11′21″W / 43.26306°N 119.18917°W / 43.26306; -119.18917[1]
 • elevation
4,101 ft (1,250 m)[1]
Length87 mi (140 km)[3]
Basin size1,670 sq mi (4,300 km2)[4]

Silver Creek is an 87-mile (140 km) stream of Oregon which drains a portion of the endorheic Harney Basin to Harney Lake. Arising in the Blue Mountains, it flows generally southeast, although much of the stream is intermittent. The Silver Creek Volcanic Field is associated with the creek's watershed.[5]

Course

From its headwaters in the southern Blue Mountains, Silver Creek flows south through the Ochoco National Forest[6] and is fed by tributaries and, at the base of the mountains, large springs feed the creek.[7] The creek meanders through a broad alluvial plain[7] and turns southeast near Chickahominy Reservoir, traveling through the unincorporated community of Riley, where it is crossed by Highway 20 and Highway 395, respectively.[6] Past Riley Silver Creek flows through a canyon with 200-to-300-foot (60 to 90 m) tall walls made of volcanic basalt.[7] The creek is impounded several miles downstream, forming Moon Reservoir.[6] It then splits into two streams; one portion heads southwest into the usually dry Silver Lake, while the other portion flows southeast through Warm Springs Valley into the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, and finally Harney Lake.[6][8]

Flora and fauna

The upper regions of the Silver Creek watershed are forested; the most common plant species are coniferous, including Ponderosa Pine, White Fir, Douglas-fir, and Western Juniper. The lower regions are primarily desert rangelands.[8]

Fish such as Tui Chub, Speckled Dace, Redside Shiner, Mottled Sculpin, and Great Basin redband trout are native to Silver Creek and its tributaries. Others, including rainbow Trout, Largemouth Bass, Bluegill, and Yellow Perch were introduced to the watershed by humans.[8]

Large mammals such as Deer, Elk, and Antelope have been spotted in the lower regions during winter.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "Silver Creek". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. November 28, 1980. Retrieved September 10, 2010.
  2. ^ Source elevation derived from Google Earth search using GNIS source coordinates.
  3. ^ "National Hydrography Dataset". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved September 10, 2010.
  4. ^ "Boundary Descriptions and Names of Regions, Subregions, Accounting Units and Cataloging Units". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved December 25, 2010.
  5. ^ "Volcanoes in America". Altius Directory. Archived from the original on November 30, 2010. Retrieved December 25, 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  6. ^ a b c d Oregon Road and Recreation Atlas (Map) (4th ed.). 1:225,000. Benchmark Maps. 2010. pp. 77–78. ISBN 978-0-929591-62-9. OCLC 466904230.
  7. ^ a b c Russel, Israel (1905). Preliminary report on the geology and water resources of central Oregon. Geological Survey Bulletin, no. 252. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. pp. 45–46. OCLC 4636294. Retrieved September 10, 2010.
  8. ^ a b c d Harney County Watershed Council (May 2000). "Silver Creek Subbasin Assessment" (PDF). Oregon State University. Retrieved September 10, 2010.