Sigma Iota (ΣΙ) was the first Latin American–based Greek lettered inter-collegiate fraternity in the United States. It was established in 1911. Sigma Iota merged with Phi Lambda Alpha fraternity to form Phi Iota Alpha on December 26, 1931.
History
Predecessor
Sigma Iota originated from La Colonia Hispano-Americana, a secret society and social club for Spanish-American students that formed on November 27, 1904 at Louisiana State University.[1][2][3] Its founders were 24 students from Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico, and Puerto Rico.[4][5] Its first president was A. Guell from Costa Rica, with vice president V. V. Rivero from Mexico, and treasurer/secretary C. R. Villa from Cuba.[5]
La Colonia Hispano-Americano changed its name to Sociedad Hispano-Americana in December 1904.[6] Its purpose was the encourage students of Spanish descent to seek a college education in the United States.[7]
Membership in the society was limited to students of Spanish descent who were from North or South America.[7] In the 1905 Gumbo yearbook, its members were from Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico, and Puerto Rico.[8][5] By June 1906, the society had added chapters at Iowa State University and the University of Iowa.[7][a] Starting in 1910, it began presenting the Sociedad Hispano-Americana Medal to a graduating student for proficiency in Spanish.[9][10]
Sigma Iota
In 1911, the Sociedad Hispano-Americana Medal transformed from a secret society into Sigma Iota, the first Latino fraternity.[1][2][4] Sigma Iota's purpose was friendship and to help Spanish-American students who attended foreign universities.[3] It also continued to present a medal for proficiency in Spanish by a non-Spanish speaking student.[10]
Sigma Iota added chapters in the United States, Central America, and Europe, becoming the first international Latin American-based fraternity when it chartered a chapter at the University of Geneva in January 1913.[11][12][13] However, many of its chapters went inactive during World War I.[13]
Meanwhile, Phi Lambda Alpha, a Latino fraternity established in 1919 at the University of California, Berkeley, had plans to expand throughout the United States.[11] The two fraternities began to work toward merging into a new national fraternity.[11] On December 26, 1931, Sigma Iota and Phi Lambda Alpha held a convention in Troy, New York where they agreed to form Phi Iota Alpha.[11][1][4]
In 1934 graduate members of former Sigma Iota, Phi Lambda Alpha, and current Phi Iota Alpha in Puerto Rico, joined Puerto Rican fraternity Sigma Delta Alpha, and reorganized the latter as Phi Sigma Alpha.[13]
Symbols
Sigma Iota's symbolism and coat of arms were based on that of Sociedad Hispano-Americana (picture to the right).
The fraternity's colors were red and green.[14] Its flower was the red carnation.[14]
Governance
Sigma Iota was overseen by grand officers, including the supreme master, master, admiral, secretary, and treasurer.[3]
Chapters
Following is a list of Sigma Iota chapters, with inactive chapters and institutions in italics.[1][2][3][15][13]
^It appears that the two Iowa chapters were dormant before the establishment of Sigma Iota. These chapters are not included in a chapter roll in the 1914 LSU Gumbo Yearbook.
^ abcdRobson, John, ed. (1963). Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities (17th ed.). Menasha, Wisconsin: The Collegiate Press, George Banta Company, Inc. pp. 731.
^ abcGumbo (yearbook). Vol. 5. Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College. 1904. p. 122. Retrieved December 5, 2024 – via Louisiana State University Scholarly Repository.
^The Gumbo Yearbook, vol. 15. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College, 1914. p. 189. via LSU Scholarly Repository.
^ abcLurding, Carroll and Becque, Fran. (October 20, 2024) "Phi Lambda Alpha - Inactive Men's"Almanac of Fraternities and Sororities. Urbana: University of Illinois. Accessed December 3, 2024.