Shapingba, Chongqing

Shapingba
沙坪坝区
District
The skyline of Shapingba.
The skyline of Shapingba.
Map
Shapingba District in Chongqing
Shapingba District in Chongqing
CountryPeople's Republic of China
MunicipalityChongqing
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Websitehttp://spb.cq.cqedu.net/

Shapingba (simplified Chinese: 沙坪坝; traditional Chinese: 沙坪垻[1]; pinyin: Shāpíngbà) is a district of Chongqing, People's Republic of China, formerly known as Shaci District (沙磁区; Shācí qū) during the Sino-Japanese War. It is one of the central parts of Chongqing and covers around 396 square kilometers, with 13 subdistricts and 11 towns. Shapingba is one of the most populated areas in Chongqing with a population of around one million.

Location and geography

Sanxia Square
Night view of Sanxia Square

Shapingba is one of Chongqing's main districts. It borders Jiulongpo to the south, Bishan to the west and Beibei to the north. The district itself is on the west bank of the Jialing River.

History

Before Shapingba District became a part of Chongqing, it was part of Baxian (now Banan District). In the early 1930s, Shapingba District belonged to Baxian First District, and the government was located at Ciqikou (Longyin Town), in the ancient section of town. [citation needed] During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Nationalist government moved its capital to Chongqing, and a large number of schools, factories and medical institutions settled in Shapingba. On February 6, 1938, the Chongqing University, the Sichuan College of Education, the Chongqing Nankai Middle School, the Chongqing Electrical Steel Works and several institutions relocated to Shapingba from Beijing, Shanghai or Nanjing such as the National Central University, China Radio International, and the Academia Sinica.

Administrative divisions

Name Chinese (S) Hanyu Pinyin Population (2010)[2] Area (km2)
Xiaolongkan Subdistrict 小龙坎街道 Xiǎolóngkǎn Jiēdào 35,167 0.97
Shapingba Subdistrict 沙坪坝街道 Shāpíngbà Jiēdào 73,290 2.68
Yubei Road Subdistrict 渝碚路街道 Yúbèilù Jiēdào 100,012 2.3
Ciqikou Subdistrict 磁器口街道 Cíqìkǒu Jiēdào 18,963 1.2
Tongjiaqiao Subdistrict 童家桥街道 Tóngjiāqiáo Jiēdào 47,873 2.92
Shijingpo Subdistrict 石井坡街道 Shíjǐngpō Jiēdào 33,184 3.15
Zhanjiaxi Subdistrict 詹家溪街道 Zhānjiāxī Jiēdào 31,683
Jingkou Subdistrict 井口街道 Jǐngkǒu Jiēdào 25,679
Geyaoshan Subdistrict 歌乐山街道 Gēyàoshān Jiēdào 10,950 4
Shandong Subdistrict 山洞街道 Shāndòng Jiēdào 3,075 1.45
Xinqiao Subdistrict 新桥街道 Zīnqiáo Jiēdào 52,762
Tianxingqiao Subdistrict 天星桥街道 Tiānxīngqiáo Jiēdào 77,470 5.2
Tuwan Subdistrict 土湾街道 Tǔwān Jiēdào 45,144 1.3
Tanjiagang Subdistrict 覃家岗街道 Tánjiāgǎng Jiēdào 79,544 31
Chenjiaqiao Subdistrict 陈家桥街道 Chénjiāqiáo Jiēdào 54,828 38.42
Huxi Subdistrict 虎溪街道 Hǔxī Jiēdào 54,079 27
Xiyong Subdistrict 西永街道 Xīyǒng Jiēdào 26,140 28.6
Lianfang Subdistrict 联芳街道 Liánfāng Jiēdào 24,778
Jingkou town 井口镇 Jǐngkǒu Zhèn 27,404 25
Geyaoshan town 歌乐山镇 Gēyàoshān Zhèn 41,674 36.6
Qingmuguan town 青木关镇 Qīngmùguān Zhèn 30,469 32.27
Fenghuang town 凤凰镇 Fènghuáng Zhèn 19,902 31.7
Huilongba town 回龙坝镇 Huílóngbà Zhèn 26,582 39.1
Zengjia town 曾家镇 Zēngjiā Zhèn 23,947 34.03
Tuzhu town 土主镇 Tǔzhǔ Zhèn 18,303 33.32
Zhongliang town 中梁镇 Zhōngliáng Zhèn 17,111

Colleges and universities

Chongqing University

Climate

Climate data for Chongqing (Shapingba District, 1991–2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.8
(65.8) 		24.6
(76.3) 		34.0
(93.2) 		36.5
(97.7) 		38.9
(102.0) 		39.8
(103.6) 		42.0
(107.6) 		43.7
(110.7) 		41.9
(107.4) 		37.4
(99.3) 		29.6
(85.3) 		21.5
(70.7) 		43.7
(110.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 10.4
(50.7) 		13.6
(56.5) 		18.6
(65.5) 		23.9
(75.0) 		27.4
(81.3) 		29.8
(85.6) 		33.7
(92.7) 		33.9
(93.0) 		28.5
(83.3) 		22.0
(71.6) 		17.3
(63.1) 		11.7
(53.1) 		22.6
(72.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 8.1
(46.6) 		10.4
(50.7) 		14.5
(58.1) 		19.2
(66.6) 		22.6
(72.7) 		25.4
(77.7) 		28.9
(84.0) 		28.9
(84.0) 		24.4
(75.9) 		18.9
(66.0) 		14.5
(58.1) 		9.5
(49.1) 		18.8
(65.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 6.4
(43.5) 		8.3
(46.9) 		11.7
(53.1) 		16.0
(60.8) 		19.4
(66.9) 		22.4
(72.3) 		25.4
(77.7) 		25.3
(77.5) 		21.5
(70.7) 		16.8
(62.2) 		12.5
(54.5) 		8.0
(46.4) 		16.1
(61.0)
Record low °C (°F) −1.8
(28.8) 		−0.8
(30.6) 		1.2
(34.2) 		2.8
(37.0) 		10.8
(51.4) 		15.5
(59.9) 		19.2
(66.6) 		17.8
(64.0) 		14.3
(57.7) 		6.9
(44.4) 		0.7
(33.3) 		−1.7
(28.9) 		−1.8
(28.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 20.7
(0.81) 		22.4
(0.88) 		55.6
(2.19) 		103.4
(4.07) 		142.5
(5.61) 		212.1
(8.35) 		174.2
(6.86) 		125.7
(4.95) 		124.7
(4.91) 		95.3
(3.75) 		50.4
(1.98) 		24.7
(0.97) 		1,151.7
(45.33)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 10.0 8.9 11.5 13.6 16.0 16.0 11.3 11.5 12.6 15.8 11.3 10.6 149.1
Average relative humidity (%) 82 78 75 75 76 79 73 70 77 84 83 84 78
Mean monthly sunshine hours 16.6 32.9 72.8 105.8 109.7 98.7 169.3 175.2 102.6 46.6 35.0 18.0 983.2
Percent possible sunshine 5 10 19 27 26 24 40 43 28 13 11 6 21
Average ultraviolet index 4 6 8 10 11 12 12 11 10 7 5 4 8
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[3][4][5]
Source 2: Weather Atlas (uv)[6][7]

Transport

Transport connections to and from Shapingba has improved over the years. There are buses that run directly to most other districts including Jiangbei, Yuzhong and Jiulongpo. Three highways, Chengdu-Chongqing, Chongqing-Changshou and Shangqiao-Jieshi come across here. Within only half an hour, it is possible to reach the Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport. Chongqing's West Railway Station is located in Shapingba. Though departures and arrivals are somewhat limited at this station, it is quite useful for trips to nearby destations such as Guiyang or Dazhou.

Metro

Shapingba metro station is currently served by three metro lines operated by Chongqing Rail Transit:

  •      Line 9 - (unfinished editing)
  •      Line 27 - Construction started in 2022 and will be set to complete in the future

Industry

The industry of Shapingba mainly consists of motorcycle and car manufacture, electrical equipment, biologic-chemical industry and tertiary occupation. The state owned corporations include Jialing Group, Southwest Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd and Chongqing Pesticide Chemical Group, while private owned corporations include Chongqing HuiLi Ltd [1], Lifan Group, Yuan Group and Huayang Group.

Tourism

Shapingba has a number of tourist attractions, including the monuments of Anti-Japanese War and Red Crag. The Geleshan is located in the old town of Ciqikou. Lin's Garden is also an attraction.

References

  1. ^ According to "《通用规范汉字表》解读" (An Interpretation of the List of Commonly Used Standard Chinese Characters), 坝 was merged from two different Traditional Chinese characters: 垻 and 壩. The definition of 垻 is "平地（沙坪坝） flat land (Shapingba)", while 壩 means "dam" or "dike", showing that the traditional form of 沙坪坝 should be 沙坪垻. In addition, the ancient dictionary Guangyun defines 垻 as 蜀人謂平川爲垻 (Sichuan people call flat land "垻").
  2. ^ shi, Guo wu yuan ren kou pu cha ban gong; council, Guo jia tong ji ju ren kou he jiu ye tong ji si bian = Tabulation on the 2010 population census of the people's republic of China by township / compiled by Population census office under the state; population, Department of; statistics, employment statistics national bureau of (2012). Zhongguo 2010 nian ren kou pu cha fen xiang, zhen, jie dao zi liao (Di 1 ban. ed.). Beijing Shi: Zhongguo tong ji chu ban she. ISBN 978-7-5037-6660-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ "Index" 中国气象数据网 - WeatherBk Data. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 23 September 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
  4. ^ CMA台站气候标准值(1991-2020) (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2023-04-11.
  5. ^ 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值数据集 （1971–2000年） (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. May 2011. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2011.
  6. ^ "Monthly weather forecast and climate - Chongqing, China". Weather Atlas. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  7. ^ "57516: Chongqing (China)". ogimet.com (in Spanish). OGIMET. 19 August 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2022.