Volnukhin was born at 1859 in Moscow, in the family of a merchant. Studied at the Moscow school of painting, sculpture and architecture (MUZHVZ, 1873-1881 and 1883-1886), and also at the St. Petersburg Academy of arts (1882). He lived in Moscow.
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Doronina, Lyudmila N. (2008). Мастера русской скульптуры XVIII–XX веков. Скульптура XVIII–XIX веков (in Russian). Moscow: Belyi Gorod. pp. 387–391. ISBN978-5-7793-1404-6. OCLC259743748.
Konenkova, Alla K. (2021). "Скульптор Сергей Михайлович Волнухин. Страницы биографии". In Konenkova, Alla K.; Mikhaylova, Svetlana I. (eds.). Христианская культура и славянский мир. Сборник трудов конференции (collected papers) (in Russian). Moscow: Kosygin University. pp. 62–79. ISBN978-5-00181-211-1.