It is called anáhaw or luyong in Filipino.[4] In Malay the palm is known as serdang daun bulat.[2]
Taxonomy
Saribus rotundifolius was first described as Corypha rotundifolia by the French Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1786.[8] It was moved to the Saribus genus by the German-Dutch botanist Carl Ludwig Blume in a publication issued in 1838 or 1839.[1] This move was generally not accepted by others in the field. In 2011, after DNA research, the reclassification from the Livistona genus to the resurrected genus Saribus was official.[7][9] The generic epithetSaribus comes from a local name in one of the Maluku languages, as recorded by the Dutch, sariboe.[10] The specific epithet means 'round-leaved' in Latin.[9]
Description
Saribus rotundifolius is a hermaphroditefan palm.[2] The palm is evergreen, erect, and only grows having a single trunk ('solitary'). It grows at a height ranging from 15 to 25 metres,[11] exceptionally up to 45 metres tall,[2] and thickness of 15 to 25 cm diameter at breast height.[2][11] Its trunk is smooth and straight with a shallow rings of leaf scars.[11] The trunk is rather massive and tapering. It usually grows to 60 feet (18 m) tall, but may rarely reach 90 feet (27 m) tall. The young trees have a green crown. This species is seldom seen with a slight skirt of drooping, dead leaves. The sheaths are chestnut brown in colour.[9]
The palmately-lobed leaves are spirally arranged around the trunk. The petioles are long.[9][10] The entire leaf is some 1.2 metres in length. The leaf blade is entire in its centre,[9] and almost round in outline. It is regularly divided to about half of the length and 1.2 metres in diameter.[10] The leaf segments are forked, but not deeply, at their ends.[9] The leaf segments have one main nerve.[12]
The flowers are borne on an inflorescence with a long peduncle, about 0.9 to 1.2 metres long. The three-petalled flowers appear in bunches.[10]
The fruit is a fleshy drupe.[10] It is about 2cm in diameter,[9][10] quite round,[9] and coloured brick red as it ripens, ultimately becoming black when ripe.[9][10]
On Java it occurs in the west and the central-eastern parts of the island. It is usually found as a cultivated plant, but already in the 1960s in some places it has escaped into the wild, becoming locally very numerous.[12]
Saribus rotundifolius can be grown in humid, tropical areas. It is a common landscaping plant in the Philippines, and has been widely cultivated in Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Java and elsewhere, for a long time.[7][9][12] The fruit are quite attractive.[10] It is cultivated as an ornamental throughout Colombia.[3]
The leaves are used for the thatching of roofs and wrapping food. Overharvesting of the leaves of plants causes a reduction in leaf size. The leaves do grow faster after harvest but tend to be smaller.[6]
The foliage of the Saribus rotundifolius is the unofficial national leaf of the Philippines.[14]
^ abMarcial C. Amaro Jr., ed. (January–April 2010). "Anahaw"(PDF). Some Familiar Philippine Palms that Produce High Food Value and Tikog. Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau of the Philippine Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2013-05-22. Retrieved 2013-04-01.
^ abcRazal, Ramon; Palijon, Armando (2009). Non-Wood Forest Products of the Philippines. Calamba City, Laguna: El Guapo Printing Press. p. 27. ISBN978-971-579-058-1.
^ abcBacker, C. A.; Bakhuizen van den Brink, R. C. (1968). Flora of Java. Vol. III. Groningen: N.V. P. Noordhoff under auspices of Rijksherbarium, Leyden. pp. 173, 174.
^Churi, P. (2010). Kunte, K.; Sondhi, S.; Roy, P. (eds.). "Larval host plants — Livistona rotundifolius". Butterflies of India, v. 2.97. Indian Foundation for Butterflies. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
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