Salla

Salla
Kyelijävri
Municipality
Sallan kunta
Salla kommun
Coat of arms of Salla
Location of Salla in Finland
Location of Salla in Finland
Coordinates: 66°50′N 028°40′E / 66.833°N 28.667°E / 66.833; 28.667
Country Finland
RegionLapland
Sub-regionEastern Lapland
Charter1857
Government
 • Municipal managerErkki Parkkinen
Area
 (2018-01-01)[1]
 • Total
5,873.08 km2 (2,267.61 sq mi)
 • Land5,729.81 km2 (2,212.29 sq mi)
 • Water142.73 km2 (55.11 sq mi)
 • Rank7th largest in Finland
Population
 (2024-10-31)[2]
 • Total
3,285
 • Rank207th largest in Finland
 • Density0.57/km2 (1.5/sq mi)
Population by native language
 • Finnish96% (official)
 • Swedish0.3%
 • Sami0.1%
 • Others3.6%
Population by age
 • 0 to 148.7%
 • 15 to 6452%
 • 65 or older39.3%
Time zoneUTC+02:00 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+03:00 (EEST)
Websitewww.salla.fi/en/

Salla(Inari Sami: Kyelijävri), known as Kuolajärvi until 1936, is a municipality of Finland, located in Lapland. The municipality has a population of 3,285 (31 October 2024)[2] and covers an area of 5,873.08 square kilometres (2,267.61 sq mi) of which 142.73 km2 (55.11 sq mi) is water.[1] The population density is 0.57 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.5/sq mi).

The nearby settlement of Sallatunturi is home to the Salla Ski Resort.

History

Areas ceded to Soviet Union at the end of World War II

Salla is in the Eastern Lapland and as a border area was affected by the Second World War. Red Army troops invaded Finland at Salla during the Winter War but were stopped by the Finnish Army (see Battle of Salla). Parts of the municipality were ceded to the Soviet Union after the war. The ceded part is sometimes called "Old Salla" or Vanha Salla. During the Continuation War the old town of Salla was on the Soviet side of the border. The German XXXVI Corps attacked the Soviet positions in an operation code-named Polarfuchs. With the help of the Finnish 6th Division it managed to occupy all of the ceded territories. At the end of the war the German troops were pushed out of Lapland by Finnish troops in the Lapland War.

The following villages were ceded to the Soviet Union: Alakurtti, Korja (Korya), Kuolajärvi (Kuoloyarvi), Lampela, Sallansuu, Yläkurtti (Yulyakurtti), Sovajärvi (Sovayarvi), Tuutijärvi (Tuutiyarvi) and Vuorijärvi (Vuoriyarvi).

In January 2021, the mayor of Salla, Erkki Parkkinen, launched a bid to host the 2032 Summer Olympic Games to raise awareness of climate change and highlight the threat the climate crisis poses to Salla and its ecosystem, which is dependent on low temperatures for most of the year.[6]

Transportation

Salla is the terminus of a freight-only railway line from Kemijärvi. In 2006, the Finnish Rail Administration announced proposals to close the line.[7] The railway formerly extended beyond Salla into Russia, but has never carried international traffic.

Geography

Neighbour municipalities are Kemijärvi, Kuusamo, Pelkosenniemi, Posio and Savukoski.

Climate

Salla has a subarctic climate (Dfc). Summer days are mild with about 1/3 of all days experiencing precipitation with nights tending to be cool. Winters are very long, cold, snowy, and extremely cloudy, lasting from the beginning of October through April, with mid-winter thaws being rare, and cold snaps relatively common. Spring and Autumn tend to be cool, not very variable, and short, lasting only a couple weeks to a few weeks in length.

The low temperature record of Salla is -50 °C (-58 °F), which was recorded in Naruska in 1985. It was also the record of Finland until 1999. On 28 January 1999, the unofficial record of Finland, -54,3 °C (-65,7 °F), was recorded in Naruska.[8]

Climate data for Salla (1991–2020 normals, records 1961–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 6.3
(43.3)
6.2
(43.2)
9.7
(49.5)
17.5
(63.5)
28.0
(82.4)
30.3
(86.5)
31.5
(88.7)
31.0
(87.8)
22.9
(73.2)
14.5
(58.1)
8.4
(47.1)
4.9
(40.8)
31.5
(88.7)
Mean maximum °C (°F) 1.0
(33.8)
1.3
(34.3)
4.8
(40.6)
11.5
(52.7)
20.6
(69.1)
24.9
(76.8)
26.3
(79.3)
24.2
(75.6)
18.0
(64.4)
9.5
(49.1)
4.0
(39.2)
2.0
(35.6)
27.3
(81.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −8.0
(17.6)
−7.5
(18.5)
−2.1
(28.2)
3.8
(38.8)
10.4
(50.7)
16.6
(61.9)
19.7
(67.5)
16.8
(62.2)
10.8
(51.4)
2.8
(37.0)
−2.5
(27.5)
−5.6
(21.9)
4.6
(40.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) −12.0
(10.4)
−11.6
(11.1)
−6.9
(19.6)
−0.7
(30.7)
5.7
(42.3)
11.7
(53.1)
14.8
(58.6)
12.1
(53.8)
6.9
(44.4)
0.3
(32.5)
−5.3
(22.5)
−9.1
(15.6)
0.5
(32.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −16.7
(1.9)
−16.5
(2.3)
−12.6
(9.3)
−5.8
(21.6)
0.7
(33.3)
6.3
(43.3)
9.5
(49.1)
7.2
(45.0)
2.9
(37.2)
−2.6
(27.3)
−8.5
(16.7)
−13.1
(8.4)
−4.1
(24.6)
Mean minimum °C (°F) −32.9
(−27.2)
−32.4
(−26.3)
−28.4
(−19.1)
−19.8
(−3.6)
−7.1
(19.2)
−0.9
(30.4)
1.8
(35.2)
−1.3
(29.7)
−5.5
(22.1)
−15.7
(3.7)
−23.0
(−9.4)
−28.9
(−20.0)
−35.6
(−32.1)
Record low °C (°F) −45.3
(−49.5)
−46.3
(−51.3)
−38.2
(−36.8)
−30.8
(−23.4)
−19.2
(−2.6)
−6.7
(19.9)
−1.5
(29.3)
−6.5
(20.3)
−15.2
(4.6)
−29.7
(−21.5)
−36.6
(−33.9)
−40.2
(−40.4)
−46.3
(−51.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 37
(1.5)
31
(1.2)
31
(1.2)
30
(1.2)
41
(1.6)
61
(2.4)
77
(3.0)
59
(2.3)
54
(2.1)
50
(2.0)
40
(1.6)
39
(1.5)
550
(21.6)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 20 17 16 14 15 16 17 16 16 18 21 20 206
Average relative humidity (%) 87 86 80 73 68 68 74 80 85 90 92 89 81
Source 1: FMI climatological normals for Finland 1991–2020[9]
Source 2: record highs and lows[a]
Climate data for Salla Naruska (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1991–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 6.2
(43.2)
5.5
(41.9)
9.0
(48.2)
16.8
(62.2)
28.2
(82.8)
31.3
(88.3)
30.5
(86.9)
30.4
(86.7)
23.0
(73.4)
14.3
(57.7)
7.9
(46.2)
6.2
(43.2)
31.3
(88.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −8.4
(16.9)
−7.8
(18.0)
−2.2
(28.0)
3.5
(38.3)
10.1
(50.2)
16.5
(61.7)
19.5
(67.1)
16.9
(62.4)
10.8
(51.4)
2.5
(36.5)
−2.7
(27.1)
−5.9
(21.4)
4.4
(39.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) −13.1
(8.4)
−12.9
(8.8)
−8.2
(17.2)
−1.7
(28.9)
4.8
(40.6)
11.0
(51.8)
13.9
(57.0)
11.1
(52.0)
6.2
(43.2)
−0.3
(31.5)
−5.9
(21.4)
−9.9
(14.2)
−0.4
(31.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −18.5
(−1.3)
−18.3
(−0.9)
−14.8
(5.4)
−7.5
(18.5)
−0.4
(31.3)
4.9
(40.8)
7.9
(46.2)
5.7
(42.3)
1.4
(34.5)
−3.4
(25.9)
−9.3
(15.3)
−14.4
(6.1)
−5.6
(21.9)
Record low °C (°F) −41.4
(−42.5)
−41.8
(−43.2)
−37.2
(−35.0)
−31.8
(−25.2)
−14.1
(6.6)
−4.7
(23.5)
−2.1
(28.2)
−5.4
(22.3)
−10.1
(13.8)
−27.6
(−17.7)
−35.1
(−31.2)
−38.8
(−37.8)
−41.8
(−43.2)
Source 1: https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/1991-2020-lampotilatilastot
Source 2: https://kilotavu.com/fmi-tilastot.php?taulukkomoodi=true
Climate data for Salla Värriötunturi (elevation 360m (1181 ft), 1991-2020 normals, extremes 1974–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 4.0
(39.2)
4.2
(39.6)
7.4
(45.3)
15.5
(59.9)
25.8
(78.4)
28.8
(83.8)
30.0
(86.0)
30.3
(86.5)
21.7
(71.1)
12.5
(54.5)
6.7
(44.1)
4.5
(40.1)
30.3
(86.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −8.2
(17.2)
−8.1
(17.4)
−3.7
(25.3)
1.9
(35.4)
7.9
(46.2)
14.6
(58.3)
18.0
(64.4)
15.1
(59.2)
9.1
(48.4)
1.3
(34.3)
−3.5
(25.7)
−5.9
(21.4)
3.2
(37.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −10.8
(12.6)
−10.7
(12.7)
−6.7
(19.9)
−1.5
(29.3)
4.0
(39.2)
10.1
(50.2)
13.6
(56.5)
11.2
(52.2)
6.1
(43.0)
−0.7
(30.7)
−5.6
(21.9)
−8.3
(17.1)
0.1
(32.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −13.7
(7.3)
−13.5
(7.7)
−9.8
(14.4)
−4.9
(23.2)
0.5
(32.9)
6.0
(42.8)
9.7
(49.5)
7.9
(46.2)
3.5
(38.3)
−2.6
(27.3)
−7.9
(17.8)
−10.9
(12.4)
−3.0
(26.6)
Record low °C (°F) −38.3
(−36.9)
−31.1
(−24.0)
−26.5
(−15.7)
−19.0
(−2.2)
−13.4
(7.9)
−3.9
(25.0)
−0.1
(31.8)
−2.9
(26.8)
−7.3
(18.9)
−18.5
(−1.3)
−27.6
(−17.7)
−31.1
(−24.0)
−38.3
(−36.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 37
(1.5)
32
(1.3)
34
(1.3)
38
(1.5)
52
(2.0)
72
(2.8)
78
(3.1)
67
(2.6)
58
(2.3)
59
(2.3)
40
(1.6)
40
(1.6)
607
(23.9)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 22 19 18 16 16 15 18 16 16 20 22 22 220
Source 1: https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/1991-2020-lampotilatilastot
Source 2: https://kilotavu.com/asema-taulukko.php?asema=102012

Note

  1. ^ Extreme values from 1961-1999, at Salla kk weather station;[10] Extreme values from 1999-present, at Salla kirkonkylä weather station[11]

Historical places

The Salpa Line anti-tank obstacles in Aholanvaara.
Name Place Description WGS 84
Evangelic-Lutheran church of Salla
Paikanselkä memorial area Paikanselkä The Winter War front line 13 March 1940, when war ended. Located where the commander of the Swedish Volunteer Corps, lieutenant colonel Magnus Dyrssen was killed on 1 March 1940.[12]
Salpa Line Defense line on the eastern border of Finland

Salla was referenced in the song 66°50’N, 28°40’E by Finnish death-doom band Swallow the Sun on their 2015 triple album Songs From the North I, II and III.

References

  1. ^ a b "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018" (PDF). National Land Survey of Finland. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
  2. ^ a b "Finland's preliminary population figure was 5,635,560 at the end of October 2024". Population structure. Statistics Finland. 19 November 2024. ISSN 1797-5395. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
  3. ^ "Population growth biggest in nearly 70 years". Population structure. Statistics Finland. 26 April 2024. ISSN 1797-5395. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
  4. ^ "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 2003–2020". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  5. ^ a b "Luettelo kuntien ja seurakuntien tuloveroprosenteista vuonna 2023". Tax Administration of Finland. 14 November 2022. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  6. ^ "Arctic Town Launches Genius Bid for 2032 Summer Olympics to Raise Awareness of Climate Change". Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  7. ^ Finnish Railway News – Year 2006
  8. ^ "Suomen virallisesta pakkasennätyksestä 17 vuotta - sallalaiset tuohtuivat "väärästä" ennätyksestä".
  9. ^ "FMI normals 1991-2020" (in Finnish). fmi.fi. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
  10. ^ "FMI open data". FMI. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
  11. ^ "FMI open data". FMI. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
  12. ^ "Sotamuistomerkit ja kohteet | Nähtävyydet & Käyntikohteet | Salla". loma.salla.fi. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014.

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يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (ديسمبر 2018) 29°22′43.9032″N 47°59′33.9756″E / 29.378862000°N 47.992771000°E / 29.378862000; 47.992771000 وزارة الدولة لشئون الشباب وزارة ا�...

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Canine racing sport involving the Greyhound dog breed Dog race and Dog racing redirect here. For the winter sport, see Sled dog racing. For other uses, see Dog racing (disambiguation). Several greyhounds before a race Greyhound racing is an organized, competitive sport in which greyhounds are raced around a track. There are two forms of greyhound racing, track racing (normally around an oval track) and coursing; the latter is now banned in most countries.[1] Track racing uses an artif...

 

 

British train operating company SouthernA pair of Southern Class 377s at London Victoria Platforms 18 and 19 awaiting departure to Eastbourne and ReigateOverviewFranchise(s)Network SouthCentral26 August 2001 – 24 May 2003South Central25 May 2003 – 19 September 2009Gatwick Express22 June 2008 – 19 September 2009South Central (incl Gatwick Express)20 September 2009 – 25 July 2015Part of Thameslink, Southern and Great Northern26 July 2015 – 1 April 2028[1]Main Region(s)Greater ...

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Attaque de Bamba. Attaque de Bamba Informations générales Date 1er octobre 2023 Lieu Bamba Issue Victoire du CSP Belligérants Mali CSP MNLA HCUA MAA GATIA 2 Forces en présence Inconnues Inconnues Pertes 25 morts6 prisonniers3 blindés VP11 capturés13 véhicules capturés(selon le CSP)[1] 1 mort4 blessés(selon le CSP)[1] Guerre du MaliBatailles Batailles de la guerre du Mali Rébellion touarègue de 2012 Ménaka (1re) Tessalit Aguel'hoc (1re) In Emsal A...

 

 

Pacific typhoon in 2004 Typhoon Dianmu (Helen) Typhoon Dianmu at peak intensity on June 16Meteorological historyFormedJune 13, 2004ExtratropicalJune 21, 2004DissipatedJune 28, 2004Very strong typhoon10-minute sustained (JMA)Highest winds185 km/h (115 mph)Lowest pressure915 hPa (mbar); 27.02 inHgCategory 5-equivalent super typhoon1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)Highest winds285 km/h (180 mph)Lowest pressure879 hPa (mbar); 25.96 inHgOverall effec...