Saddu Khan

Malik Saddu Khan or Sado Khan was a Pashtun figure, and the ancestor of the Saddozai clan, which is a branch of the Abdali confederation. Ahmad Shah Abdali belonged to the lineage of Sado, alongside some known families of Multan and others settled throughout Afghanistan and Pakistan.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]

He succeeded his father as chief of the Habibzai section of the tribe, but due to his "bravery and ability" he was selected by the Abdalis (later known as Durrani), then living between Kandahar and Herat, to be their overall leader in 1598.[8]

Saddu Khan
Born11 October 1558
Multan
Died18 March 1627
Kandahar

Shadi Khan, the governor of the Emperor Akbar at Kandahar, was hostile to Saddu Khan, resulting in Saddu supporting the rivaling Abbas I of Persia, whom had previously lost Kandahar in 1594 to the Mughals and was intriguing for its recovery. This culminated in the Safavid recapture of Kandahar in 1621, in which Saddu aided Abbas. As a reward for his services, he was declared the titular ruler of Kandahar. Saddu Khan died in 1626 leaving five sons, from whom descended the Saddozai (sons of Sado).[8][9]

The descendants of Saddu Khan are the "Saddozai", the clan to which Ahmad Shah Durrani, Timur Shah, Zaman Shah, Hassan Javaid Khan and Shuja Shah Durrani belonged. Ahmad Shah Durrani founded the Durrani Empire, which the Saddozais ruled until their expulsion from power and subsequent replacement by Dost Mohammad Khan of the Barakzai.[8][10]

He has been wrongly called 'Asadullah Khan' or 'Saadullah Khan' by some historians, but his real name was 'Saddu Khan'.[11]

References

  1. ^ Rashid, Haroon (2002). History of the Pathans. p. 136.
  2. ^ Alexei, Voskressenski (19 May 2017). Is Non-western Democracy Possible?: A Russian Perspectiveedited. World Scientific. p. 303. ISBN 9789813147393.
  3. ^ Pakistan Journal of History and Culture, Volumes 1-2. Pakistan: National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research. 1980. pp. 10, 19.
  4. ^ Rashid, Haroon (2008). History of the Pathans: The Ghurghushti, Beitani and Matti tribes of Pathans.
  5. ^ (India), Punjab (1902). Gazetteer of the Multan District.
  6. ^ Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society. 1991. p. 111.
  7. ^ Saddozai, Sardar Ahmad Shah Jan (2015). Afghanistan Saddozai Kings and Viziers 1747–1842. Austin Macauley Publishers Limited. ISBN 9781849633222.
  8. ^ a b c Sir Lepel Henry Griffin (1890). The Panjab chiefs: historical and biographical notices of the principal families in the Lahore and Rawalpindi divisions of the Panjab. pp. 74–. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  9. ^ Saddozai, Sardar Ahmad Shah Jan (2015). Afghanistan Saddozai Kings and Viziers 1747–1842. Austin Macauley Publishers Limited. p. 21. ISBN 9781849633222. The Persian ruler Shah Abbas in 1621 made Malik Asadullah Khan, ('Saddo'), of the Abdali tribe, the titular head in return for services around Qandahar. The children of Asadullah Khan were later called Saddozai ('zai' meaning 'son of').
  10. ^ Saddozai, Sardar Ahmad Shah Jan (2015). Afghanistan Saddozai Kings and Viziers 1747–1842. Austin Macauley Publishers Limited. ISBN 9781849633222.
  11. ^ Pakistan Journal of History and Culture. National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research. 1980.

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