SS Santa Rosa (1916)

History
USS Santa Rosa returning to the United States with troops on board, 1919.

Name	SS Santa Rosa
Operator	Grace Line (1917, 1919-1925)
Port of registry	New York City
Builder	William Cramp & Sons, Philadelphia
Yard number	438^[1]
Launched	December 27, 1916
In service	January 1917
Fate	Sold in 1925
Name	USAT Santa Rosa
Operator	US Army (1917-1919)
Port of registry	New York City
Acquired	August 29, 1917
Fate	Transferred to US Navy March 10, 1919
Name	*USS Santa Rosa* (ID-2169)**
Operator	US Navy (1919)
Port of registry	New York City
Acquired	March 10, 1919
Fate	Returned to owners October 27, 1919
Name	SS Oregonian
Operator	American-Hawaiian Steamship Company (1925-1942)
Acquired	1925
Out of service	1942
Fate	Sunk by aerial torpedo, 1942
General characteristics
Type	Passenger/Cargo Liner
Tonnage	6,415 GRT
Length	417.5 ft (127 m)
Beam	54.8 ft (16.7 m)
Installed power	1 quadruple expansion
Propulsion	Single screw
Speed	12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph)

SS Santa Rosa (later SS Oregonian) was a passenger/cargo ocean liner in service for the Grace Line and later the American-Hawaiian Steamship Company. The vessel also saw military transport service during both World War I and World War II.

Built at William Cramp & Sons Shipbuilding Company in Philadelphia, the vessel was completed in January 1917. She was named Santa Rosa and entered commercial service for the Grace Line.^[2] (Two later vessels would also carry the name Santa Rosa for Grace Line.)^[3]

After the United States entered World War I, the vessel was requisitioned by the US Army in August 1917 and became the USAT Santa Rosa. In March 1919 she was transferred to the US Navy for use as a transport and commissioned USS Santa Rosa (ID-2169). In October she was returned to her owners and resumed civilian service for the Grace Line.^[4]

On 26 December 1922, Santa Rosa ran aground at Charleston, South Carolina;^[5] she was refloated on 31 December 1922.^[6] In 1925 she was sold to the American-Hawaiian Steamship Company and renamed SS Oregonian. She served her new owners in Pacific inter-coastal service^[7] for 17 years.

On September 13, 1942, Oregonian was in the Barents Sea approximately 198 miles WNW of Bear Island as a civilian vessel in convoy PQ 18.^[8] Although armed, the convoy was immediately overwhelmed with attacks from U-boats, torpedo planes, and bombers, all launched from German-occupied Norway. Oregonian took three aerial torpedoes to her starboard side. Immediately the ship listed to starboard, rolled over, and sank. Twenty-two crew members and seven Armed Guard were killed, including her master, Harold Dowling. The fourteen surviving crew members were rescued by escort ships and eventually repatriated to the US aboard RMS Queen Mary.^[9] Oregonian's wreck is located at 76°00′N 09°30′E / 76.000°N 9.500°E / 76.000; 9.500

References

^ "Ships Built - Cramp Shipbuilding, Philadelphia". www.ShipbuildingHistory.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
^ "SS Santa Rosa (1917)". Michael W. Pocock and MaritimeQuest. com. Retrieved 21 January 2012.
^ "Grace Line Fleet 1882-1969". TheShipsList.com. Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 21 January 2012.
^ "Santa Rosa (ID 2169)". NavSource Naval History. Retrieved 21 January 2012.
^ "Casualty reports". The Times. No. 43225. London. 29 December 1922. col F, p. 10.
^ "Casualty reports". The Times. No. 43227. London. 1 January 1923. col E, p. 18.
^ Watts, Ian (23 October 2009). "American-Hawaiian Steamship Company, 1899-1956". Through the Hawse Pipe. Retrieved 27 January 2012.
^ "U.S. Ships Sunk or Damaged in Murmansk Run". American Merchant Marine at War, www.usmm.org. Retrieved 21 January 2012.
^ "American-Hawaiian Steamship Co. in WWII". Eric Stone, ssarkansan.com. Retrieved 24 February 2012.

76°00′N 9°18′E / 76.00°N 09.30°E / 76.00; 09.30

v t e Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1922
Shipwrecks	19 Jan: Marceau January (unknown date): USS A-2, USS B-3 8 Feb: USAT Northern Pacific 18 Feb: Golden State 8 Mar: HMS Laertes 23 Mar: HMS H42 19 April: Lambton 20 May: Egypt 21 May: Conestoga 29 May: Kwinana 9 Jun: City Island Casino 18 Jun: Robert C. Pringle June (unknown date): Prinz Eugen 7 Jul: SMS Nürnberg 9 Jul: El Kahira 26 Jul: USS Granite State 8 Aug: HMS Raleigh 26 Aug: France, Niitaka, Philadelphia 7 Oct: Lyman Stewart 17 Oct: City of Honolulu, Hopelyn 30 Oct: Dévastation, Gromoboi, Skuratov December (unknown date): USS B-1
Other incidents	23 Mar: HMS Versatile 29 Mar: Majestic 25 Apr: Stolwijk 22 May: Dongola 23 May: Domala 27 Jun: Bouclier, Paris 3 Jul: Canadian Commander 8 Jul: Nieuw Amsterdam 30 Jul: Francesco Ferruccio 22 Aug: Cymric 31 Aug: American Legion 10 Oct: Swiftstar 12 Oct: City of Honolulu 16 Oct: Rossia 23 Oct: Roland Morillot Nov: Pelican 26 Dec: Santa Rosa
1921 1923

v t e Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in September 1942
Shipwrecks	1 Sep: U-756 2 Sep: U-222 3 Sep: U-162, U-705 4 Sep: Kashino, Kaimei Maru 5 Sep: USS Gregory, USS Little 6 Sep: Anshun 7 Sep: HMCS Raccoon 8 Sep: USS YP-74 9 Sep: USCGC Muskeget, YP-346 10 Sep: American Leader, Arno 11 Sep: HMCS Charlottetown, Empire Dawn, Yayoi 12 Sep: Hektoria, RMS Laconia, U-88 13 Sep: Empire Beaumont, Oliver Ellsworth, Oregonian, Stalingrad 14 Sep: Atheltemplar, HMS Coventry, Mary Luckenbach, HMCS Ottawa, HMS Sikh, U-589 15 Sep: U-261, USS Wasp 16 Sep: HMS Talisman, U-457 17 Sep: Mae 19 Sep: USS O'Brien 20 Sep: Empire Hartebeeste 21 Sep: U-446 22 Sep: RFA Gray Ranger 23 Sep: HMAS Siesta 24 Sep: Antinous 25 Sep: Empire Bell, HMS Somali, U-253, HMAS Voyager 26 Sep: I-33, HMS Veteran 27 Sep: Stephen Hopkins, Stier, U-165 30 Sep: Empire Avocet
Other incidents	2 Sep: U-626 3 Sep: USS Wakefield 8 Sep: USS Wakefield 10 Sep: Kuroshio Maru 13 Sep: USS S-31 15 Sep: USS O'Brien 20 Sep: HMS Somali 23 Sep: HMAS Voyager 28 Sep: USS Snapper
1941 1942 1943 August 1942 October 1942

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