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São João del-Rei
São João del-Rei
Municipality
	Municipality of São João del-Rei
	Flag Seal
	Location in Minas Gerais
	Coordinates: 21°08′09″S 44°15′36″W / 21.13583°S 44.26000°W
Country	Brazil
State	Minas Gerais
Region	Southeast
Intermediate Region	Barbacena
Immediate Region	São João del-Rei
Founded	8 December 1713
Government
• Mayor	Nivaldo José de Andrade (UNIÃO)
Area
• Total	1,452.002 km2 (560.621 sq mi)
Elevation	904 m (2,966 ft)
Population (2022)
• Total	90,225
• Density	62/km2 (160/sq mi)
Demonym	são-joanense
Time zone	UTC−3 (BRT)
Postal Code	36300-000 to 36319-999
Area code	+55 32
HDI (2010)	0.758 – high
Major airport	São João del-Rei Airport
Website	saojoaodelrei.mg.gov.br

São João del-Rei^[a] is a Brazilian municipality in the state of Minas Gerais. Founded in 1713 in homage to king John V of Portugal, the city is famed for its historic Portuguese colonial architecture. The current population is estimated at 90,225 inhabitants.^[1]

Geography

It is located in the drainage basin of the Rio Grande and its terrain is located in the Mantiqueira mountains. It is a centre for the cities in the south and southeast of Minas Gerais.

The municipality contains part of the Ritápolis National Forest.^[4]

According to the modern (2017) geographic classification by Brazil's National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the municipality belongs to the Immediate Geographic Region of São João del-Rei, in the Intermediate Geographic Region of Barbacena.^[5]

Districts

The municipality has five rural districts.^[6]

Rio das Mortes
São Gonçalo do Amarante
São Miguel do Cajuru
Emboabas
São Sebastião da Vitória

History

The city was founded by the bandeirantes; Tomé Portes del-Rei is considered the city's founder. The original small village situated in southern Minas Gerais was created as a staging post on the Estrada Real, a trade route from the coast at Paraty to cities in the central region of Minas Gerais such as Ouro Preto, Mariana and Conselheiro Lafaiete. Later huge amounts of gold were found near the city itself.

Culture

Today, São João del-Rei is a university town. The campus of the Federal University of São João del-Rei (UFSJ) and a number of other educational institutions are present in the city. A second medical school is to be established at the University.^{[citation needed]}

The city has many famous religious festivals through the year, most of them preserving the way it was celebrated by the time of the foundation, with baroque music and special celebrations that attracts tourists from all over the world, particularly during Holy Week, when the town receives the greatest influx of visitors.

Tourism

The city is 12 km from Tiradentes. Other historical cities in Minas Gerais are Ouro Preto, Diamantina, Mariana, Congonhas and Sabará.

Cathedrals and churches

Catedral Basílica Nossa Senhora do Pilar (1721), a Minor Basilica, dedicated to Our Lady of the Pillar, the episcopal seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of São João del Rei.^[7]^[8]
Our Lady of Rosário (1720)
Our Lady of Carmo (1733)
Our Lady of Mercês e Bonfim (1769)
São Francisco de Assis (1774)
Santo Antônio (Senhor dos Montes neighborhood)
Nossa Senhora da Piedade do Bom Despacho

Sports

The city is home to Athletic Club (1909), an association football team that plays in the First Division of Campeonato Mineiro, along with Cruzeiro, Atlético and América.

Notable people

Folk

Tiradentes, national hero

Estrada de Ferro Oeste de Minas

São João del-Rei was an important station on the Estrada de Ferro Oeste de Minas, a narrow gauge railway characterised by woodburning steam locomotives, and the location of a major roundhouse. The station and surrounding facilities have been turned into Brazil's largest railway museum, and a tourist railway operates from the station to the well preserved colonial town of Tiradentes.

Climate

Climate data for São João del-Rei (1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	28.1 (82.6)	28.5 (83.3)	27.7 (81.9)	27.1 (80.8)	24.7 (76.5)	23.9 (75.0)	23.7 (74.7)	25.3 (77.5)	25.9 (78.6)	27.0 (80.6)	27.0 (80.6)	27.1 (80.8)	26.3 (79.3)
Daily mean °C (°F)	21.8 (71.2)	21.9 (71.4)	21.1 (70.0)	20.0 (68.0)	17.4 (63.3)	15.9 (60.6)	15.7 (60.3)	16.8 (62.2)	18.6 (65.5)	20.1 (68.2)	20.7 (69.3)	21.1 (70.0)	19.3 (66.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	17.2 (63.0)	17.2 (63.0)	16.6 (61.9)	15.1 (59.2)	12.4 (54.3)	10.4 (50.7)	10.1 (50.2)	10.8 (51.4)	13.2 (55.8)	15.0 (59.0)	16.1 (61.0)	16.7 (62.1)	14.2 (57.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	320.4 (12.61)	183.8 (7.24)	192.9 (7.59)	65.1 (2.56)	41.0 (1.61)	15.1 (0.59)	11.5 (0.45)	22.4 (0.88)	78.3 (3.08)	129.2 (5.09)	195.5 (7.70)	326.8 (12.87)	1,582 (62.28)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	17	12	11	6	4	2	2	3	6	9	13	18	103
Average relative humidity (%)	77	75.2	77.1	75.9	75.8	74.1	71.1	66.9	69.3	70.9	74.3	77.3	73.7
Mean monthly sunshine hours	187.6	199.0	195.7	179.9	176.2	163.4	179.8	206.8	184.2	196.1	155.8	166.2	2,190.7
Source: Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia^[9]