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	Brig "Mercury" Attacked by Two Turkish Ships, Ivan Aivazovsky, Oil-on-canvas, 1892
History
Russian Empire
Name	Merkurii
Laid down	January 28 (O.S. February 9), 1819
Launched	May 7 (May 19), 1820
Decommissioned	1857
Fate	Scrapped
General characteristics
Class and type	20-gun brig
Displacement	456 t
Length	29.46 m (96.7 ft)
Beam	9.60 m (31.5 ft)
Draught	2.9 m (9.5 ft)
Depth of hold	4.73 m (15.5 ft)
Propulsion	Sails
Sail plan	856 sq. m.
Complement	115
Armament	20 guns: 18 x 24 pdrs, 2 x 8 pdrs

Merkurii (Russian: Меркурий, lit. 'Mercury') was a 20-gun, two-masted warship in the Imperial Russian Navy. It is famous for its lopsided battle with two Turkish ships, which took place on May 14, 1829.^[1]

The name Pamiyat Mercuriya (literally In Memory of Mercury) was given to a number of ships of the Russian Baltic Fleet.

Battle on May 14, 1829

Summary

Pursued by a Turkish fleet (6 ships of the line, 2 frigates, 2 corvettes), the Russian brig Merkurii engaged in a lopsided battle with the ships-of-the-line Selimiye (110 guns) and Real-bei (74 guns) near the Strait of Bosphorus.^[2] After damaging the ships one by one, the brig escaped pursuit.^[3]

Crew (As of May 1829)

Officers

Aleksandr Ivanovich Kazarsky, Lt. Capt.
Fyodor Mikhailovich Novosilsky, Lt.
Dmitry Petrovich Pritupov, midshipman
Ivan Petrovich Prokofyev, naval pilot Lt.
Sergey Iosifovitch Skaryatin, Lt.

Seamen

Anisim Arekhov
Philip Vasilyev
Gridnev, bataler^{[check spelling]}
Afanasiy Gusev
Seliverst Dmitriev
Ippolit Erofeev
Ivan Lisenko, cannoneer
Fyodor Spiridonov, naval pilot mate
Artamon Timofeev, cannoneer
Anton Scherbakov, cannoneer

Damage and casualties

As a result of the battle, the brig took 10 casualties, including 4 killed and 6 wounded. Damage to the ship included:

22 hull breaches
133 sail plan breaches
16 spar breaches
148 instances of minor rigging damage
loss of all rowboats

By official information, neither Turkish ships lost crew as the brig's main objective during the battle was to damage their spars and rigging.

In art

Ivan Aivazovsky created 3 paintings featuring the ship:

Brig "Merkurii" leading a battle with Two Turkish Ships / Бриг «Меркурий» ведёт бой с двумя турецкими судами
Brig "Merkurii" meets Russian Fleet after a victory over Two Turkish Ships on 15.05.1829 / Бриг «Меркурий» после победы над двумя турецкими кораблями встречается с русской эскадрой 15.05.1829, Oil-on-canvas, 123 х 190 cm. State Russian Museum, 1848
Brig "Mercury" Attacked by Two Turkish Ships / Бриг «Меркурий», атакованный двумя турецкими кораблями, Oil-on-canvas, 212 x 339 cm, Aivazovsky Picture Gallery, Feodosia, 1892

Several other artists created notable works featuring the Merkurii:

Barri: Battle of Brig "Merkurii" with Two Turkish Ships / Барри: Бой брига «Меркурий» с двумя турецкими кораблями
Ivanov: Brig "Merkurii" / Иванов: Бриг «Меркурий»
A.N. Lubyanov: Brig "Merkurii" / А. Н. Лубянов: Бриг «Меркурий»
N.P. Krasovskiy: Battle of Brig "Merkurii" with Two Turkish Ships / Н. П. Красовский: Бой брига «Меркурий» с двумя турецкими кораблями
Mikhail Stepanovitch Tkachenko: Battle of Brig "Merkurii" with Turkish Ships on May 14, 1829 / Бой брига "Меркурий" с турецкими кораблями 14 мая 1829 года, Oil-on-canvas, Central Naval Museum, St. Petersburg, 1907

Critics of the Aivazovsky painting

The position of the ships portrayed by Aivazovsky in his work has been criticized as being historically inaccurate because of the brig's position between two significantly larger Turkish ships. Still, it's possible that Aivazovsky's artistic impression simply heightened the tension in the painting by accentuating the hopelessness of the brig's situation.

Paintings by other artists (Krasovskiy, Barri, Pechatin) of the same battle, though less known, portray a more realistic depiction of the battle.