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Ruminococcus bromii

Ruminococcus bromii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Kingdom: Bacillati
Phylum: Bacillota
Class: Clostridia
Order: Eubacteriales
Family: Oscillospiraceae
Genus: Ruminococcus
Species:
R. bromii
Binomial name
Ruminococcus bromii
Moore et al. 1972 (Approved Lists 1980)

Ruminococcus bromii is an anoxic, Gram-positive, non-spore-forming bacterium found in the human gut[1]. It has a coccus shape and is non-motile. It is considered a highly important part of the gut microbiome, being involved in the digestion of carbohydrates, particularly resistant starches[1]. Bacteria in the genus Ruminococcaceae are thought to comprise between 10 and 25% of the gut microbiota of healthy humans[2]. The type strain of the species is ATCC 27255[3].

Role in digesting starches

R. bromii is notable for its role in digesting resistant starches to produce ethanol, acetate and formate[1][4]. It contains genes encoding starch-digesting enzymes. Type II resistant starch, defined by its granular structure which resists the action of digestive enzymes, has been linked to elevated levels of R. bromii in the gut[5][6]. The proportion of R. bromii in the gut is linked to the level of Type II resistant starches in the diet[7][8]. R. bromii prevalence in the gut decreases if more animal-based foods are consumed[9]. The hydrolysis of starches by R. bromii produces sugars which may be used by other bacteria in the gut microbiome, stimulating their growth[10].

References

  1. ^ a b c Ze, Xiaolei; Duncan, Sylvia H.; Louis, Petra; Flint, Harry J. (August 2012). "Ruminococcus bromii is a keystone species for the degradation of resistant starch in the human colon". The ISME Journal. 6 (8): 1535–1543. Bibcode:2012ISMEJ...6.1535Z. doi:10.1038/ismej.2012.4. ISSN 1751-7370. PMC 3400402. PMID 22343308.
  2. ^ Ze, Xiaolei; Ben David, Yonit; Laverde-Gomez, Jenny A.; Dassa, Bareket; Sheridan, Paul O.; Duncan, Sylvia H.; Louis, Petra; Henrissat, Bernard; Juge, Nathalie; Koropatkin, Nicole M.; Bayer, Edward A.; Flint, Harry J. (2015-09-29). "Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii". mBio. 6 (5): 10.1128/mbio.01058–15. Bibcode:2015mBio....658.15Z. doi:10.1128/mbio.01058-15. PMC 4611034. PMID 26419877.
  3. ^ "Ruminococcus bromii | Type strain | ATCC 27255 | BacDiveID:167797". bacdive.dsmz.de. Retrieved 2026-08-01.
  4. ^ MOORE, W. E. C.; CATO, ELIZABETH P.; HOLDEMAN, LILLIAN V. (1972). "Ruminococcus bromii sp. n. and Emendation of the Description of Ruminococcus Sijpestein". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 22 (2): 78–80. doi:10.1099/00207713-22-2-78. ISSN 1466-5034.
  5. ^ Bendiks, Zachary A.; Knudsen, Knud E. B.; Keenan, Michael J.; Marco, Maria L. (2020-05-01). "Conserved and variable responses of the gut microbiome to resistant starch type 2". Nutrition Research. 77: 12–28. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2020.02.009. ISSN 0271-5317. PMC 7295659. PMID 32251948.
  6. ^ Lordan, Cathy; Thapa, Dinesh; Ross, R. Paul; Cotter, Paul D. (2020-01-02). "Potential for enriching next-generation health-promoting gut bacteria through prebiotics and other dietary components". Gut Microbes. 11 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1080/19490976.2019.1613124. ISSN 1949-0976. PMC 6973326. PMID 31116628.
  7. ^ Abell, Guy C.J.; Cooke, Caroline M.; Bennett, Corinna N.; Conlon, Michael A.; McOrist, Alexandra L. (2008-12-01). "Phylotypes related to Ruminococcus bromii are abundant in the large bowel of humans and increase in response to a diet high in resistant starch". FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 66 (3): 505–515. Bibcode:2008FEMME..66..505A. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00527.x. ISSN 0168-6496. PMID 18616586.
  8. ^ Martínez, Inés; Kim, Jaehyoung; Duffy, Patrick R.; Schlegel, Vicki L.; Walter, Jens (2010-11-29). "Resistant Starches Types 2 and 4 Have Differential Effects on the Composition of the Fecal Microbiota in Human Subjects". PLOS ONE. 5 (11) e15046. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...515046M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015046. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 2993935. PMID 21151493.
  9. ^ David, Lawrence A.; Maurice, Corinne F.; Carmody, Rachel N.; Gootenberg, David B.; Button, Julie E.; Wolfe, Benjamin E.; Ling, Alisha V.; Devlin, A. Sloan; Varma, Yug; Fischbach, Michael A.; Biddinger, Sudha B.; Dutton, Rachel J.; Turnbaugh, Peter J. (January 2014). "Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome". Nature. 505 (7484): 559–563. Bibcode:2014Natur.505..559D. doi:10.1038/nature12820. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 3957428. PMID 24336217.
  10. ^ Crost, Emmanuelle H.; Le Gall, Gwenaelle; Laverde-Gomez, Jenny A.; Mukhopadhya, Indrani; Flint, Harry J.; Juge, Nathalie (2018-11-05). "Mechanistic Insights Into the Cross-Feeding of Ruminococcus gnavus and Ruminococcus bromii on Host and Dietary Carbohydrates". Frontiers in Microbiology. 9 2558. Bibcode:2018FrMic...902558C. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02558. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 6231298. PMID 30455672.

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