Rudebox

This article is about the album. For the title track, see Rudebox (song).

Rudebox
Studio album by
Robbie Williams
Released23 October 2006 (2006-10-23)
RecordedNovember 2005 – August 2006, Los Angeles
GenreDance
Length74:44
LabelChrysalis
Producer
Robbie Williams chronology
Intensive Care
(2005) 		Rudebox
(2006) 		Reality Killed the Video Star
(2009)
Singles from Rudebox
  1. "Rudebox"
    Released: 4 September 2006
  2. "Kiss Me"
    Released: 10 October 2006
  3. "Lovelight"
    Released: 13 November 2006
  4. "Bongo Bong and Je ne t'aime plus"
    Released: 22 January 2007
  5. "She's Madonna"
    Released: 5 March 2007

Rudebox is the seventh studio album by English singer-songwriter Robbie Williams, released by Chrysalis Records on 23 October 2006 in the United Kingdom. A breakaway from previous releases, the singer worked with a variety of producers on the album, including Mark Ronson, Soul Mekanik, Pet Shop Boys, William Orbit, Joey Negro, and Jerry Meehan. It also features two guest appearances from the Pet Shop Boys. Musically, Rudebox is a dance album[1][2] with pop, disco, electronica and rap elements.[3]

Receiving a mixed reception from critics, the album reached the top position in fourteen countries including United Kingdom, Australia, Switzerland, Germany, Mexico, Argentina, Spain, Italy and Finland. Rudebox was supported by five singles: "Rudebox", "Kiss Me", "Lovelight", "Bongo Bong and Je ne t'aime plus" and "She's Madonna". The title track was a big success in Europe, reaching number one in Germany, Switzerland and Italy. It also reached the top ten in a lot of other countries around the world. "Lovelight" was a top ten hit in six countries, including the UK, where it peaked at number 8.

Background

The album is a mixture of covers and new tracks, in addition to "Summertime", a song originally written when Williams left Take That and which appeared in the credits of Mike Bassett: England Manager, and features collaborations with William Orbit, Mark Ronson, Soul Mekanik (featuring Candy Flip's Danny Spencer and his brother) and two collaborations with Pet Shop Boys: "She's Madonna" and "We're the Pet Shop Boys". Lily Allen provides backing vocals on the songs "Bongo Bong and Je ne t'aime plus" and "Keep On". Williams covers five songs on the album: "Louise", a 1984 hit for The Human League, "Kiss Me", the biggest hit for Stephen Duffy, "Lovelight" by Lewis Taylor, "We're the Pet Shop Boys" by My Robot Friend, and "Bongo Bong and Je ne t'aime plus", by Manu Chao.

Williams himself spoke fondly of the album upon its release; "It has become something on which I've found myself. This is the right direction for me personally, this is what it is. I saw the whole Robbie thing coming to a close as it was, I couldn't make another album like the ones I'd made, and this has just opened up a thousand other doors. What I am excited about now is making more music. I love all the stuff on the album, I love Rudebox, it's a favourite song of mine. I don't know what's gonna happen now, I'm excited about getting it out there, but I'm more excited about making more."[4]

Controversies

"She's Madonna" was the centre of a tabloid storm after Ashley Hamilton claimed that he came up with part of the song with Williams. Hamilton has claimed he wishes to take the matter to court as he is not credited as a co-writer on the album.[5]

Further controversy arose over the track "The 90's", part of which implies that Williams was ripped off by Take That's manager Nigel Martin-Smith after the band failed to make a profit from a European tour. The song raised the ire of Martin-Smith, who demanded that the song be removed from the album. The omitted lyrics were rapped during the break before the second verse.[6] During a 2019 concert at The Roundhouse in London, Williams stated: "Somebody asked me to do The '90s tonight. But I can't [...] because I'll get sued by Nigel Martin-Smith".[7]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[1]
The Guardian[8]
Mojo[9]
musicOMH[10]
NME8/10[11]
Now[12]
The Observer[13]
PopMatters7/10[14]
Yahoo! Music UK[15]

According to review aggregator Metacritic, Rudebox received an average of 53 out of 100 indicating "mixed or average reviews" from music critics, based on reviews from 12 critics.[16]

Rating the album 8 out of 10, Priya Elan of NME wrote "Luckily, Rudebox is the best thing he's ever put his name to," adding that "there's the double-headed autobiography of "The 80's" (currently at the centre of a legal dispute) and its follow-up "The 90's," the clattering "Vogue" rap in the LA tale "The Actor" and "She’s Madonna" – possibly his most bonkers song ever."[17] Julie Broadfoot of BBC Music wrote: "There are a couple of tracks that wash over you but the album's a grower and some of the hooks will follow you around for hours," adding that "Good Doctor," a "tongue-in-cheek take on drugs, has bags of energy and the Stephen Duffy "Kiss Me" is brilliant. "She's Madonna" ("I love you baby, but face it she's Madonna") is a weird but fun tune about Queen Madge."[18]

Michael Hubbard, writing for musicOMH, found that Rudebox "ultimately is, as a whole, several decent records whinnying to escape from development too early, resulting only in an expensive-sounding missed opportunity."[10] Paul Flynn from The Observer wrote that "the hastily conceived Rudebox is bookmarked mostly by a ragbag of weary cover versions that even an advanced pop historian would have trouble connecting."[13] In his review for The Guardian, Alexis Petridis noted: "A scant handful of highlights aside, it is packed with half-baked ideas, bad jokes, music that any other star of Williams' stature would be terrified of the general public hearing. Perhaps that's the point. If nothing else, Rudebox is a sharp reminder that Robbie Williams is unique."[8]

Commercial performance

In the United Kingdom, the album sold 54,667[19] copies on the day of its release, reaching number one on the midweek version of the UK Albums Chart. The next day, the album had sold over 75,000 copies.[20] The album debuted at No. 1 on the UK Albums Chart, selling over 147,000 copies in its week of release.[21] Despite reaching number one, sales were far below what was expected by his label EMI and overall sales were overtaken by his former band Take That's Beautiful World. However, the album performed better than Beautiful World outside the UK. The fallout of the album's relative failure led to the firing of two music executives responsible for the album's development.[22] As of December 2013, the album had sold 514,457 copies in the UK.[23] In 2008, NME reported that over one million unsold copies of the album were being sold to a company in China to be recycled and used as a road paving material.[24][25]

The album was released in the Netherlands on 20 October 2006, on the same day the album was certified platinum as a result of pre-order sales of over 70,000 copies.[26] In Belgium, the album sold 50,000 copies and went platinum. It was released on 23 October 2006 in Australia and debuted at number-one, achieving platinum status in its first week.[27] It has since been certified 2× Platinum. 220,000 copies of the album were sold in France on the week of release, as well as 600,000 in Germany. On 8 November 2006, IFPI certified the album 2× Platinum in Europe with sales of over 2 million copies, making it the fastest platinum selling album of 2006.[28] On 20 November 2006, the album reached number-one in Mexico, becoming Williams' first number-one album there. The album was certified platinum there, with sales of over 100,000 copies.

Sequel

In December 2020, while promoting "Can't Stop Christmas," the second single from his twelfth studio album The Christmas Present (2019), Williams revealed to the Official Charts Company that he had recorded a dance album during the lockdown period, which includes collaborations with Guy Chambers and a number of dance music artists from Stoke-on-Trent. The untitled album was scheduled to be released in spring 2021, and might be released with the band name Stoke House Mafia (a name inspired by 2010s chart stars Swedish House Mafia), though the report from the Official Charts Company did not confirm whether the record was the Rudebox sequel or not.[29][30][31][32][33]

Track listing

Rudebox track listing
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."Rudebox"
Soul Mekanik4:45
2."Viva Life on Mars"
  • Williams
  • Andrews
  • Spencer
Soul Mekanik4:50
3."Lovelight"Lewis TaylorMark Ronson4:02
4."Bongo Bong and Je ne t'aime plus"
Ronson4:48
5."She's Madonna" (with Pet Shop Boys)
Pet Shop Boys4:16
6."Keep On"
Ronson4:18
7."Good Doctor"
  • Williams
  • Jerry Meehan
Ronson3:16
8."The Actor"
  • Williams
  • Brandon Christy
  • Craig Russo
  • Christy
  • Russo
4:06
9."Never Touch That Switch"
  • Andrews
  • Spencer
Soul Mekanik2:46
10."Louise"
William Orbit4:46
11."We're the Pet Shop Boys" (with Pet Shop Boys)My Robot Friend
  • Chris Zippel
  • Pet Shop Boys
4:56
12."Burslem Normals"
  • Williams
  • Andrews
  • Spencer
Soul Mekanik3:50
13."Kiss Me"DuffyDave Lee3:16
14."The 80's"
  • Williams
  • Meehan
Meehan4:17
15."The 90's"
  • Williams
  • Meehan
Meehan5:33
16."Summertime"
  • Williams
  • Antony Genn
Orbit5:42
17."Dickhead" (hidden track)
  • Williams
  • Meehan
Meehan4:09
Total length:74:44

Notes

Charts

Certifications and sales

Certifications and sales for Rudebox
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Argentina (CAPIF)[68] 2× Platinum 80,000^
Australia (ARIA)[69] 2× Platinum 140,000^
Austria (IFPI Austria)[70] 2× Platinum 60,000*
Belgium (BEA)[71] Platinum 50,000*
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[72] Platinum 40,000^
Finland (Musiikkituottajat)[73] Platinum 33,465[73]
France (SNEP)[74] Platinum 200,000*
Germany (BVMI)[75] 3× Platinum 600,000^
Hungary (MAHASZ)[76] 2× Platinum 12,000^
Ireland (IRMA)[77] 2× Platinum 30,000^
Italy
2006 sales 		— 150,000[78]
India[79] Gold 10,000[79]
Mexico (AMPROFON)[80] Platinum 100,000^
Netherlands (NVPI)[81] Platinum 70,000^
Portugal (AFP)[82] Gold 10,000^
Russia (NFPF)[83] Gold 10,000*
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[84] Gold 40,000^
Sweden (GLF)[85] Gold 30,000^
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[86] 2× Platinum 60,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[87] 2× Platinum 600,000^
Summaries
Europe (IFPI)[88] 2× Platinum 2,000,000*

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

References

  1. ^ a b John Bush. Rudebox at AllMusic. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  2. ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Robbie Williams". AllMusic. Retrieved 30 June 2022. Within a year, he had recorded and released Rudebox, a dance album recorded with half-a-dozen outside producers
  3. ^ Broadfoot, Julie (24 October 2006). "BBC – Music – Review of Robbie Williams – Rudebox". BBC Music. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  4. ^ "Robbie Williams". robbiewilliams.com. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  5. ^ "Robbie Williams Is Accused of Stealing "She's Madonna" Track". Exposay.com. Archived from the original on 27 April 2010. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  6. ^ MacInnes, Paul (5 December 2007). "Robbie Williams apologises to ex-manager for not keeping his Rudebox shut". The Guardian.
  7. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "Robbie Williams • The 80's • The Under The Radar Concert • Live At The Roundhouse, London • 07/10/19". YouTube.
  8. ^ a b Petridis, Alexis (20 October 2006). "CD: Robbie Williams, Rudebox". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  9. ^ Easlea, Daryl (November 2006). "Robbie Williams Rudebox". Mojo. p. 101.
  10. ^ a b Hubbard, Michael. "Robbie Williams – Rudebox". musicOMH. Archived from the original on 10 April 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  11. ^ Elan, Priya (23 October 2006). "Robbie Williams – Robbie Williams: Rudebox – Album Reviews". NME. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  12. ^ Davies, Evan. "NOW Magazine // Music // Disc Guide : Pop / Rock". NOW. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  13. ^ a b Flynn, Paul (15 October 2006). "Robbie Williams, Rudebox". The Observer. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  14. ^ Lomas, Michael (16 March 2007). "Robbie Williams: Rudebox < PopMatters". PopMatters. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  15. ^ Webb, Adam (3 November 2006). "Robbie Williams Rudebox Album Review, New album reviews and latest album releases on Yahoo! Music". Yahoo! Music UK. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  16. ^ "Rudebox Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
  17. ^ "Robbie Williams: Rudebox | NME". NME | Music, Film, TV, Gaming & Pop Culture News. 23 October 2006. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  18. ^ Broadfoot, Julie. "BBC - Music - Review of Robbie Williams - Rudebox". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  19. ^ U.K. Midweeks 24/10 (Tuesday)[permanent dead link‍]
  20. ^ Midweeks 24/10 (Wednesday)[permanent dead link‍]
  21. ^ U.K. Top 75 – 29 October 2006[permanent dead link‍]
  22. ^ "Can Robbie Williams Escape Drugs Demons To Save His Career?". Archived from the original on 16 February 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2007.
  23. ^ Jones, Alan (23 December 2013). "Sam Bailey scores Xmas No.1 with 148k sales: Official Charts Analysis". Music Week. Retrieved 25 December 2013.
  24. ^ NME (16 January 2008). "Robbie Williams to pave Chinese roads". NME. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  25. ^ Swash, Rosie (1 November 2009). "Robbie Williams: Reality Killed the Video Star". The Observer. ISSN 0029-7712. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  26. ^ "Album already platinum in the Netherlands". Msnmusicexperience.com. 5 May 2009. Archived from the original on 13 November 2006. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  27. ^ "ARIA Charts". ARIA. Archived from the original on 22 September 2010. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  28. ^ "IFPI Certifications, November 2006". IFPI. 1 September 2005. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  29. ^ "Robbie Williams has recorded an EDM album in lockdown". OfficialCharts.com.
  30. ^ "Robbie Williams' new album delayed due to coronavirus". OfficialCharts.com.
  31. ^ "Williams hints at Rudebox sequel". 20 March 2013.
  32. ^ "Robbie Williams Defends His Album 'Rudebox' and Confirms Plans for a Sequel".
  33. ^ "Robbie Williams defends 'Rudebox'". Digital Spy. 19 March 2013.
  34. ^ "Argentina - Albums October 15 - 21, 2006". CAPIF. Archived from the original on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  35. ^ "Australiancharts.com – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  36. ^ "Austriancharts.at – Robbie Williams – Rudebox" (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  37. ^ "Ultratop.be – Robbie Williams – Rudebox" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  38. ^ "Ultratop.be – Robbie Williams – Rudebox" (in French). Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  39. ^ "Danishcharts.dk – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  40. ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Robbie Williams – Rudebox" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  41. ^ "Robbie Williams: Rudebox" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  42. ^ "Lescharts.com – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  43. ^ "Longplay-Chartverfolgung at Musicline" (in German). Musicline.de. Phononet GmbH. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  44. ^ "Album Top 40 slágerlista – 2006. 44. hét" (in Hungarian). MAHASZ. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  45. ^ "Italiancharts.com – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  46. ^ "Charts.nz – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  47. ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  48. ^ "Jahreshitparade Alben 2006". austriancharts.at. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  49. ^ "Portuguesecharts.com – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  50. ^ "Spanishcharts.com – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  51. ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  52. ^ "Swisscharts.com – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  53. ^ "Taiwan 43/2006" (in Chinese). Five-Music. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
  54. ^ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  55. ^ "ARIA Charts - End Of Year Charts - Top 100 Albums 2006". Australian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on 27 January 2014. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  56. ^ "Jahreshitparade Alben 2006". austriancharts.at. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  57. ^ "Jaaroverzichten 2006". Ultratop. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  58. ^ "Rapports Annuels 2006". Ultratop. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  59. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 2006". dutchcharts.nl. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  60. ^ "Top de l'année Top Albums 2006" (in French). SNEP. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  61. ^ "Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts". GfK Entertainment (in German). offiziellecharts.de. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  62. ^ "Årslista Album – År 2006" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  63. ^ "Schweizer Jahreshitparade 2006". hitparade.ch. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  64. ^ "End of Year Album Chart Top 100 – 2006". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  65. ^ "Jahreshitparade Alben 2007". austriancharts.at. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  66. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 2007". dutchcharts.nl. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  67. ^ "Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts". GfK Entertainment (in German). offiziellecharts.de. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  68. ^ "Discos de oro y platino" (in Spanish). Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas. Archived from the original on 25 December 2007. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  69. ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2006 Albums" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  70. ^ "Austrian album certifications – Robbie Williams – Rudebox" (in German). IFPI Austria. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  71. ^ "Ultratop − Goud en Platina – albums 2006". Ultratop. Hung Medien. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  72. ^ "Danish album certifications – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". IFPI Danmark. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  73. ^ a b "Robbie Williams" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  74. ^ "French album certifications – Robbie Williams – Rudebox" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique. Archived from the original on 26 September 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  75. ^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Robbie Williams; 'Rudebox')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  76. ^ "Adatbázis – Arany- és platinalemezek – 2007" (in Hungarian). MAHASZ. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  77. ^ "The Irish Charts - 2006 Certification Awards - Multi Platinum". Irish Recorded Music Association. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  78. ^ "LE CIFRE DI VENDITA 2006" (PDF) (in Italian). Musica e dischi. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2014.
  79. ^ a b "Foreign musicians ride coattails of Indian stars". Reuters. 7 March 2007. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
  80. ^ "Certificaciones" (in Spanish). Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas. Retrieved 14 January 2021. Type Robbie Williams in the box under the ARTISTA column heading and Rudebox in the box under the TÍTULO column heading.
  81. ^ "Dutch album certifications – Robbie Williams – Rudebox" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Vereniging van Producenten en Importeurs van beeld- en geluidsdragers. Retrieved 14 January 2021. Enter Rudebox in the "Artiest of titel" box. Select 2006 in the drop-down menu saying "Alle jaargangen".
  82. ^ "Portuguese album certifications – Robbie Williams – Rudebox" (in Portuguese). Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa. Archived from the original on 20 November 2010. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  83. ^ "Russian album certifications – Robbie Williams – Rudebox" (in Russian). National Federation of Phonogram Producers (NFPF). Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  84. ^ "Spanish album certifications" (in Spanish). Productores de Música de España. Retrieved 29 August 2022. Select Álbumes under "Categoría", select 2006 under "Año". Select 52 under "Semana". Click on "BUSCAR LISTA".
  85. ^ "Guld- och Platinacertifikat − År 2006" (PDF) (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 May 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  86. ^ "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards ('Rudebox')". IFPI Switzerland. Hung Medien. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  87. ^ "British album certifications – Robbie Williams – Rudebox". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  88. ^ "IFPI Platinum Europe Awards – 2006". International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 14 January 2021.

Read other articles:

Daerah manfaat jalan

Daerah manfaat jalan Daerah Manfaat Jalan disingkat DAMAJA merupakan ruang sepanjang jalan yang dibatasi oleh lebar tinggi dan kedalaman ruang batas tertentu. Ruang tersebut diperuntukkan bagi median, perkerasan jalan, jalur pemisah, bahu jalan, saluran tepi jalan, trotoar, lereng, ambang pengaman, timbunan dan galian, gorong-gorong, perlengkapan jalan dan bangunan pelengkap lainnya. Lebar Damaja ditetapkan oleh Pembina Jalan sesuai dengan keperluannya. Tinggi minimum 5.0 meter dan kedalaman ...

 

PSLV-C37

PSLV-C37Model roket PSLVJenis misiPenempatan 104 satelitOperatorISROSitus webISRO website Properti wahanaWahana antariksaPolar Satellite Launch VehicleJenis wahana antariksaExpendable launch vehicleProdusenISROMassa luncur320.000 kilogram (710.000 pon)Massa muatan1.378 kilogram (3.038 pon) Awal misiTanggal luncur09:28:00, 15 Februari 2017 (2017-02-15T09:28:00) (IST)Roket peluncurPolar Satellite Launch VehicleTempat peluncuranSriharikota Launching RangeKontrakto...

 

Kenidai

Kenidai Klasifikasi ilmiah Domain: Eukaryota Kerajaan: Plantae Divisi: Magnoliophyta Kelas: Magnoliopsida Ordo: Malpighiales Famili: Phyllanthaceae Tribus: Bridelieae Genus: Bridelia Spesies: Bridelia tomentosaBlume Sinonim Bridelia tomentosa nayarii (P.Basu) Chakrab., M.Gangop. & N.P.Balakr.Bridelia loureiroi Müll.Arg., sphalm.Bridelia urticoides Griff.Bridelia tomentosa trichadenia Müll.Arg.Bridelia tomentosa rhamnoides (Griff.) Müll.Arg.Bridelia tomentosa ovoidea Benth.Bridelia tom...

Lexus

LexusJenisDivisi dari Toyota Motor CorporationIndustriOtomotifDidirikan1989PendiriEiji ToyodaKantorpusatToyota, Aichi, JepangWilayah operasiSeluruh duniaTokohkunciKazuo Ohara (CEO)Vince Socco (Wakil Presiden, Asia Pasifik)Andy Pfeiffenberger (Wakil Presiden, Eropa)Mark Templin (Wakil Presiden, AS)ProdukMobilIndukToyota Motor Corporation (TYO: 7203)(NYSE: TM)DivisiLexus FSitus webLexus.comLexus.co.ukLexus.euLexus.jp Lexus (Jepang: レクサス) adalah sebuah merek mobil mewah yang digunaka...

 

Mosab Hassan Yousef

Mosab Hassan YousefLahirMosab Hassan Yousef[1][2]30 November 1977 (umur 46)[2]Ramallah, teritorial Palestina[2]Tempat tinggalSan Diego, California, Amerika Serikat[2]Nama lainJoseph[2]Dikenal atasMengungsi ke Israel pada 1997,[1] dan berpindah agama dari Islam ke Kristen[2]Orang tuaSheikh Hassan Yousef (ayah)[1] Mosab Hassan Yousef (Arab: مصعب حسن يوسفcode: ar is deprecated ; kelahiran 5 Mei 1978) ...

 

Hans Christian Andersen

Hans Christian AndersenHans Christian AndersenLahir(1805-04-02)2 April 1805Odense, DenmarkMeninggal4 Agustus 1875(1875-08-04) (umur 70)Kopenhagen, DenmarkPekerjaanNovelis, penulis cerita pendek, PenyairBahasaDanishKebangsaanDanishGenreBacaan anak, buku perjalananTanda tangan Hans Christian Andersen (2 April 1805 – 4 Agustus 1875) adalah seorang penulis dan penyair asal Denmark. Meskipun seorang penulis yang produktif drama, perjalanan, novel, dan puisi, Andersen pali...

Geraldine Roman

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada November 2022. Geraldine Roman Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Filipina dari Distrik Pertama BataanMulai menjabat30 Juni 2016MenggantikanHerminia Roman Informasi pribadiLahir23 April 1967 (umur 57)FilipinaKebangsaanFilipinaPartai politikPartai LiberalAlma materUnivers...

 

Historiography of the salon

The salons of Early Modern and Revolutionary France played an integral role in the cultural and intellectual development of France. The salons were seen by contemporary writers as a cultural hub, responsible for the dissemination of good manners and sociability. It was not merely manners that the salons supposedly spread but also ideas, as the salons became a centre of intellectual as well as social exchange, playing host to many members of the Republic of Letters. Women, in contrast to other...

 

Diocesi di Brescia

Diocesi di BresciaDioecesis BrixiensisChiesa latinaSuffraganea dell'arcidiocesi di Milano Regione ecclesiasticaLombardia   Provincia ecclesiastica Collocazione geografica  VescovoPierantonio Tremolada Vicario generaleGaetano Fontana Vescovi emeritiGiulio Sanguineti,Luciano Monari Presbiteri903, di cui 679 secolari e 224 regolari1.067 battezzati per presbitero Religiosi332 uomini, 839 donne Diaconi61 permanenti  Abitanti1.187.076 Battezzati963.550 (81,2% del totale) StatoItalia ...

Constitution of Louisiana

Principles, institutions and law of political governance in the U.S. state of Louisiana Politics of Louisiana Constitution and law United States Constitution Louisiana Constitution Louisiana law Executive Governor John Bel Edwards (D) State Cabinet Lieutenant Governor Billy Nungesser (R) Secretary of State Kyle Ardoin (R) Attorney General Jeff Landry (R) State Treasurer John Schroder (R) Commissioner of Agriculture and Forestry Mike Strain (R) Commissioner of Insurance Jim Donelon (R) Public ...

 

Kawanishi H6K

Kawanishi H6Kl'H6K in voloDescrizioneTipoidropattugliatore marittimo Equipaggio9 ProgettistaYoshio HashiguchiShizuo Kikahura Costruttore Kawanishi Data primo volo14 luglio 1936 Data entrata in serviziogennaio 1938 Data ritiro dal servizio1945 (Giappone)1948 (Indonesia) Utilizzatore principale Dai-Nippon Teikoku Kaigun Kōkū Hombu Altri utilizzatori Angkatan Udara Republik Indonesia Esemplari215 Dimensioni e pesiTavole prospettiche Lunghezza25,63 m Apertura alare40,0 m Altezza6,27 m Superfici...

 

Saginaw

Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando altri significati, vedi Saginaw (disambigua). Questa voce sull'argomento centri abitati del Michigan è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Saginawcity(EN) Saginaw, Michigan Saginaw – Veduta LocalizzazioneStato Stati Uniti Stato federato Michigan ConteaSaginaw AmministrazioneSindacoJoyce Seals TerritorioCoordinate43°25′11.73″N 83°57′00.09...

Tribal Scars

This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Tribal Scars – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Tribal Scars 1971 French reprintAuthorOusmane SembèneTranslatorLen OrtzenCountrySenegalLanguageEnglishGenreGeneral FictionPublisherINSCAPE (US)Publication date19...

 

Ferris wheel

Amusement ride This article is about a type of amusement ride. For the original example, first erected in Chicago in 1893, see Ferris Wheel (1893). For other uses, see Ferris wheel (disambiguation). Giant wheel redirects here. For other uses, see Giant Wheel (disambiguation). The Singapore Flyer, a Ferris wheel in Singapore A Ferris wheel (also called a Giant Wheel or an observation wheel) is an amusement ride consisting of a rotating upright wheel with multiple passenger-carrying components ...

 

Reorganization plan of United States Army

United States Army modernization and reorganization plan from 2006 to 2016 Graphic legend of Army Transformation[a] The reorganization plan of the United States Army was implemented from 2006 to 2016 under the direction of the Brigade Modernization Command. This effort formally began in 2006 when General Peter Schoomaker (the 35th Army Chief of Staff) was given the support to move the Army from its Cold War divisional orientation to a full-spectrum capability with fully manned, equipp...

San Luis Peak

Mountain in the state of Colorado San Luis PeakSan Luis Peak viewed from the northeastHighest pointElevation14,014 ft (4273.8 m)[1]NAVD88Prominence3113 ft (949 m)[2]Isolation26.9 mi (43.4 km)[2]ListingNorth America highest peaks 58thUS highest major peaks 44thColorado highest major peaks 24thColorado fourteeners 49thCoordinates37°59′12″N 106°55′53″W / 37.9867757°N 106.9312578°W / 37.9867757; -106.9312578[1]GeographySan L...

 

Chessington & Hook United F.C.

Association football club in England Football clubChessington & Hook UnitedFull nameChessington & Hook UnitedFootball ClubNickname(s)The Blues, ChessyFounded1921GroundChalky Lane, ChessingtonCapacity3,000 (167 seated)[1]ChairmanGraham EllisManagerAndrew EllisLeagueSouthern Combination Division One2023–24Southern Combination Division One, 7th of 18 Home colours Away colours Chessington & Hook United Football Club is a football club based in Chessington, Greater London, En...

 

The City (1995 TV series)

American television soap opera This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: The City 1995 TV series – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this message) The CityAn image from the first opening title sequence, with Morgan Fairchild pictured as Sydn...

Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Featherweight

Olympic boxing tournament Featherweight boxingat the Games of the XXI OlympiadVenueMaurice Richard Arena, MontrealDates18–31 JulyCompetitors26 from 26 nationsMedalists Ángel Herrera  Cuba Richard Nowakowski  East Germany Leszek Kosedowski  Poland Juan Paredes  Mexico← 19721980 → Boxing at the1976 Summer OlympicsLight flyweightmenFlyweightmenBantamweightmenFeatherweightmenLightweightmenLight welterweightmenWelterweightmenLight middleweight...

 

Pana Sankranti

Odia new year See also: Indian New Year's days Pana SankrantiMaha Bishuba SankrantiPana Sankranti (Maha Vishuba Sankranti) offerings with Bela PanaOfficial namePana Sankranti, Maha Bishuba Sankranti, Odia Nua BarsaAlso calledMaha Bisuba SankrantiObserved byOdiasTypeSocial, Cultural, ReligiousSignificanceOdia New YearCelebrationsMeru Jatra, Jhaamu Jatra, Chadak ParbaObservancesPujas, processions, Bela PanaDate1st Baisakha of Odia calendarRelated toSouth and Southeast Asian solar New ...