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S. Paternianus is credited with being the first Bishop of Fano,[3] and is supposed [weasel words] to have been appointed by Pope Sylvester I (314–335).[4] The catalogue of Bishops of Fano before 499 is a recent invention.[5] Eusebius accompanied Pope John I to Constantinople in 524, and may have been killed along with the Pope on their return in 526.[6]
Among the later bishops were Riccardo (1214), persecuted by the magistrate Alberghetti; and the Dominican Pietro Bertano (1537), an orator and advocate at the Council of Trent.[7]
Chapter and cathedral
In 1111, the cathedral and the Canonica were destroyed by fire. Rebuilding began in 1113.[8]
Bishop Carbo was the first to grant the Canons of the cathedral the right to use the title canonicati, on 6 September 1165, and he recognized all their rights and privileges. These had already been confirmed by Pope Eugenius III in 1152, and were confirmed again by Pope Urban III in 1186, by Pope Honorius III in 1218, and by Pope Julius II in 1504.[9]
The cathedral Chapter was composed of two dignities (the Provost and the Archdeacon) and twelve Canons, one of whom is called the Poenitentiarius and another the Theologus, as mandated by the Council of Trent. The cathedral is a parish church, and the Provost is the parish priest. One of the chaplains of the cathedral acts as his curate.[10]
Synods
A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See.[11]
Bishop Giulio Ottinelli (1587–1603) held a diocesan synod in Fano on 16 August 1593.[12] Bishop Angelo Maria Ranuzzi (1678–1688) held a diocesan synod on 30 June 1680.[13] Bishop Taddeo Luigi dal Verme (1688–1696) presided over a diocesan synod on 29 May 1692.[14] On 5 November 1702, Bishop Giovanni Battista Giberti (1696–1720) held a diocesan synod.[15] Bishop Giacomo Beni (1733–1764) held a diocesan synod in 1740.[16]
Reorganization of dioceses
In a decree of the Second Vatican Council, it was recommended that dioceses be reorganized to take into account modern developments.[17] A project begun on orders from Pope John XXIII, and continued under his successors, was intended to reduce the number of dioceses in Italy and to rationalize their borders in terms of modern population changes and shortages of clergy. The change was made urgent because of changes made to the Concordat between the Italian State and the Holy See on 18 February 1984, and embodied in a law of 3 June 1985. The change was approved by Pope John Paul II in an audience of 27 September 1986, and by a decree of the Sacred Congregation of Bishops of the Papal Curia on 30 September 1986. The diocese of Fano was united to the dioceses of Cagli e Pergola and of Fossombrone. Its name was to be Fanensis-Forosemproniensis-Calliensis-Pergulanus. The seat of the diocese was to be in Fano. The former cathedral in Cagli and the former cathedral in Fossombrone were to have the honorary title of co-cathedral, and their chapters were to be the Capitulum Concathedralis. There was to be only one episcopal curia, one seminary, one ecclesiastical tribunal; and all the clergy were to be incardinated in the diocese of Fano-Fossombrone-Caglia-Pergola.[18] The combined diocese was suffragan of the Archdiocese of Urbino-Urbania-Sant'Angelo in Vado.
In 2000, the Archdiocese of Urbino was deprived of its metropolitan status, and both Urbino and Fano became suffragans of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Pesaro.[19]
^Pius Gams (p. 689), however, lists four bishops, all mythological, before the appearance of Paternianus. All four are placed in italics and parentheses.
^Lanzoni, p. 497: "In Fano il catalogo episcopale anteriore al 499 è stato formato cervelloticamente in tempi recentissimi."
^According to Cappelletti (p. 336), the story of Bishop Eusebius' trip to Constantinople depends upon an anonymous history of the later Roman emperors edited by Henricus Vossius, published by Simon Pauli in 1670: Simon Paulli (1670). Miscella antiquae Lectionis (in Latin). Strasburg: Simon Pauli. pp. 37–38.
^Serafino Prete (1985), "I vescovi delle Marche al Concilio di Trento (1545–1563)," Studia Picena 50, pp. 5–25. Umberto Benigni, "Diocese of Pesaro." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. Retrieved: 2016-10-12.
^Acta et decreta Synodi Ecclesiae Fanensis celebrata die XXX junii anno MDCLXXX in Cathedrali eiusdem Tempio ab illustrissimo Angelo Ranutio episcopo...
^Decreta Synodi ecclesiae Fanensis celebratae die 29 mai 1692 ab ill.mo Thaddaeo a Verme . . . ep. Fanensi (Pesaro: Camera Apostolica 1692). (in Latin)
^Constitutiones et decreta synodalia aedita ab illustrissimo et reverendissimo Domino D. Ioanne Baptista Giberto episcopo fanensi in prima synodo celebrata die V Novembris MDCCII (Fano: Francesco de Gaudentiis 1702). (in Latin)
^Constitutiones et decreta S. Fanensis ecclesiae, promulgata in synodo habita anno 1740 (Fano 1741). (in Latin)
^Directoriae normae clare a Concilio impertitae de dioecesium recognitione; indicia atque elementa apta ad actionem pastoralem aestimandam ab episcopis suppeditata quibus plurium dioecesium regimen commissum est.
^Acta Apostolicae SedisAn. et Vol. LXXIX (Città del Vaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis 1987), pp. 701-704.
^Acta Apostolicae SedisAn. et Vol. XCII (Città del Vaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis 2000), pp. 568-569.
^Eusebius attended the sixth Roman synod of Pope Symmachus in 502. J.-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus VIII (Florence: A. Zatta 1764), p. 308. Lanzoni, p. 499, no. 2.
^Pope Gregory I (590–604) wrote a letter to Bishop Leo of Fano in July 596. Jaffé-S. Loewenfeld (edd.), Regesta pontificum Romanorum editio altera, Vol. I (Leipzig 1884), p. 173 no. 1427. Cappelletti, p. 337.
^Various dates are given, from the 4th to 7th century. No evidence. He is first heard of c. 1113, after the fire that destroyed the cathedral and canonica. Remains were found and enshrined in the new cathedral. Ughelli, p. 661. Amiani, pp. 68-69, ignores his name. Cappelletti, pp. 345-346.
^Bishop Scholasticius attended the Lateran council of Pope Martin I. J.-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus X (Florence: A. Zatta 1764), p. 867. Cappelletti, VII, p. 346.
^Bishop Dominicus attended the Roman synod of Pope Agatho in 680, and subscribed the synodal letter sent by the Pope (Epistle III) to the Emperors in Constantinople, who were about to preside over the Third Council of Constantinople, in Trullo. Dominicus did not attend the ecumenical council itself. J. P. Migne (ed.), Patrologiae Latinae Tomus LXXXI, p. 1161. J. D. Mansi (ed.), Tomus XI (Florence 1765), p. 311. Amiani, I, p. 71, is wrong in claiming that Dominicus attended the Council.
^Bishop Armatus was present at the first Roman synod of Pope Zacharias in 743. Mansi (ed.), Tomus XII (Florence 1766), p. 384.
^Bishop Mauro was present at the Lateran council of Pope Stephen III in April 769. Mansi, Tomus XII, p. 715. Cappelletti, pp. 347-348.
^Bishop Agipertus was present at the Roman synod of Pope Eugene II on 15 November 826. Cappelletti states that he died in 851. J.-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus XIV (Florence: A. Zatta 1764), p. 1000. Cappelletti, p. 349.
^Mansi, Tomus XIV, p. 1020. Amiani, p. 108. Cappelletti, p. 349.
^Bishop Marcus was present at the synod of Pope John VIII held at Ravenna in 877. Amiani states that he died in 880. J.-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus XVII (Venice: A. Zatta 1772), p. 342. Ughelli, p. 662. Amiani, p. 112. Cappelletti, p. 351.
^Bishop Romanus subscribed a grant made by Bishop Theodorus of Fermo to the monastery of S. Croce in 887. Bishop Romanus was one of 74 bishops present at the synod of Ravenna in 904. Ughelli, p. 662. Amiani, I, p. 115.
^Bishop Rihchardus was present at the synod of Ravenna on 25 April 967. Schwartz, p. 242.
^Ughelli, p. 662, bases the existence of a bishop Rainaldus on two points, the transfer of the remains of S. Fortunatus in 1014, and the existence of an inscription mentioning him. Amiani, I, p. 123, rejects both claims, stating that no local author mentions the transfer, and no one has actually seen the alleged inscription. Amiani states that Rainaldus was elected in 1010 in the Canonica by all the clergy as successor of Bishop Richardus, though without citing an authority. Cappelletti, p. 353, draws attention to the various chronological claims.
^Albertus was elected in 1027, and immediately followed Conrad to Rome for his coronation, which took place on 26 March 1027. An investigation by Archbishop Alberic of Ravenna revealed factional fighting in Fano. Albertus is called a simoniac by Peter Damiani, in a report to Pope Gregory VI (1045–1046), and again in a letter to Pope Clement II (1046–1047). He was deposed in 1048 by Pope Damasus II, and fled to refuge in Ancona. Amiani, I, pp. 124-126. Cappelletti, p. 353.
^According to Gams, he was deposed. Gams, p. 690 column 1.
^Arduinus, a friend of Peter Damiani, was appointed by Pope Damasus II to fill the vacancy left by the deposition of Bishop Albertus. He attended the Roman synod of Pope Leo IX in 1050. He is attested as late as 1085, and Amiani, I, p. 130, says that he lived until 1090. J.-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus XIX (Venice: A. Zatta 1774), p. 771. Cappelletti, p. 355.
^Petrus was elected in the Canonica by the clergy of Fano, and was consecrated in Rome by Pope Urban II. In 1111 the cathedral was burned (Amiani, pp. 133-134), and Bishop Pietro began its reconstruction. He died in November 1135. Amiani, pp. 130-137. Cappelletti, p. 356.
^Rainaldus' election was confirmed by Pope Innocent II, but he was consecrated a bishop in Ravenna with papal permission, due to the presence of imperial troops in central Italy. Amiani, pp. 137-151. Cappelletti, pp. 358-360.
^Amiani, Memorie II, Sommario, p. XIII. Cappelletti, pp. 360-365.
^In 1214 Pope Innocent III absolved the people of Fano of their excommunication for having supported the Emperor Otto against the Church. In 1218, Pope Honorius III excommunicated the people of Fano for violence offered against Bishop Richard and the Canons. Bishop Ricardus died c. 1240. Amiani, II, Somario, nos. xxvi, xxix, xxx and xxxi. Ughelli, pp. 662-665. Cappelletti, p. 375-378. Gams, p. 690. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, p. 245.
^Pope Innocent IV confirmed the election of Foscardus, a deacon of the Church of Fano, as bishop of Fano on 8 December 1244. On 9 December he issued an order to Bishop P. of Senigallia (the bishop's name was actually Giacomo) to consecrate the bishop-elect A. (whose name was actually Foscardus). Eubel, I, p. 245.
^In 1245 the people of Fano took the side of the Church against the Emperor Frederick II. Adjutus had been a Canon of the cathedral Chapter. Eubel, following Gams, indicates that Adjutus is attested in 1245 and 1257. The see was vacant on 4 March 1265. Amiani, I, pp. 200, 209, 216. Gams, p. 690 column 1. Eubel, I, p. 245.
^(Thomas) Morandus had been Bishop of Cagli (1259–1265). He was transferred to the diocese of Fano by Pope Clement IV on 4 October 1265. He died in 1275. Amiani, pp. 216-219. Gams, p. 690. E. Jordan, Les registres de Clément IV (1265-1268) Tome I (Paris: E. Thorin 1893), p. 37, no. 152. Eubel, I, p. 245.
^Fidesmundus was a Canon of the cathedral Chapter. He was elected (before 13 June 1276), and then provided by Pope Nicholas III on 15 July 1278. He died in September 1283. Amiani, p. 220. Eubel, I, p. 245, with notes 2 and 3. Amiani, I, p. 200, says that the bishop elected in 1244 was named Fra Gregorio Bonamente.
^Bouromaeus had been Provost of the cathedral Chapter. He was elected by a committee of compromise composed of three Canons. The election was examined at the papal court by three cardinals, and declared to be validly conducted. His election was approved by Pope Martin IV on 13 December 1283. He died in 1289. Amiani, I, p. 225. Eubel, I, p. 245. F. Olivier-Martin, Registres de Martin IV (Paris: Fontemoing 1901), p. 162 no. 396.
^Following the death of Bishop Bouromaeus there was a contested election, one party favoring Abbot Francesco of the monastery of S. Lorenzo in Campo, O.S.B (diocese of Fano), the other party favoring Prior Leonardo of the monastery of S. Maria de Portunovo (diocese of Ancona). Pope Nicholas IV decided in favor of Abbot Francesco on 17 April 1289. Ernest Langlois, Les Registres de Nicolas IV Tome premier (Paris: Fontemoing 1905), p. 188 no. 850. Bishop Francesco was transferred to the diocese of Senigallia on 12 December 1295 by Pope Boniface VIII. Eubel, I, p. 245, 447.
^Dom Berardus had been Dean of Montecassino, when he was appointed Bishop of Aquino by Pope Celestine V in 1294. Pope Boniface VIII removed him from that post (for reasons unconnected with Berardus personally, and on 12 December 1295 appointed him Bishop of Fano. He died in August 1305. Amiani, I, p. 240. A. Thomas, M. Faucon, G. Digard, Registres de Boniface VIII Tome premier (Paris: E. de Boccard 1907), p. 204, no. 584. Eubel, I, pp. 99, 245.
^A certificate was signed by Pope Clement V on 22 January 1306, testifying that Bishop Jacobus had been consecrated a bishop by Cardinal Pedro Rodriguez, the Bishop of Sabina. He died on 16 January 1312, according to Amiani, I, p. 243. Regestum Clementis papae V Vol. 1 (Roma: Typographia Vaticana 1885), p. 48 no. 255. Eubel, I, p. 245.
^Following the death of Bishop Jacobus, two Canons (Jacobus and Salve) set a date on which the absent Canons should assemble and conduct an election of a new bishop. On the appointed day, only Jacobus and Salve were present, and Jacob assigned the free and unlimited power to select a new bishop to Salve, who chose Jacob as the new bishop. Jacob accepted the election, and immediately set off for Avignon. He surrendered whatever rights he had to Pope Clement V, who accepted the resignation and then immediately, on 12 June 1312, provided the same Jacobus as the new Bishop of Fano. Archbishop Martin of Braga was ordered to consecrate him at the papal court. Jacobus died on 11 September 1339, according to Amiani, p. 266. Regestum Clementis papae V Vol. 7 (Roma: Typographia Vaticana 1887), p. 178 no. 8343. Eubel, I, p. 245.
^The Canons elected a Vicar Capitular, Canon Luca of Fossombrone. Amiani, p. 267.
^A native of Pesaro, Petrus had been a Canon of the cathedral Chapter of Fano. He was appointed bishop of Fano by Pope Clement VI on 10 July 1342. He died in 1356. Ughelli, p. 666. Eubel, I, p. 245.
^Manelli was a native of Florence, and a member of the Dominican Order. He was appointed titular bishop of Cythonia (Greece) on 28 May 1344. He was then Bishop of Osimo (1347–1358), and was transferred to the diocese of Fano by Pope Innocent VI on 22 January 1358. Amiani, p. 284 (placing his election in 1356, following the death of Bishop Petrus}. He died in 1362, in December according to Amiani, p. 287, though his successor was confirmed on 8 November. Eubel, I, pp. 121, 188, 245.
^Leo (Leontinus) was appointed by Pope Urban V on 8 November 1362. On 28 September 1388 he made a number of donations to the Prior and Chapter of the cathedral, including a precious mitre, a thurible and a tabernacle. He died in 1389. Amiani, p. 287. Cappelletti, pp. 390-391. Eubel, I, p. 245.
^Petrus was appointed by Urban VI on 26 February 1389. Eubel, I, p. 245.
^Joannes was appointed by Pope Boniface IX on 14 October 1389. Eubel, I, p. 245.
^Antonius David was a Venetian. He was appointed Bishop of Fano by Pope Gregory XII on 20 May 1497. Ughelli, p. 667, says that he died in July 1416.
^Antonius Carbone was appointed by Pope John XXIII after Antonius David was dismissed, as a follower of the deposed Gregory XII. Ughelli (p. 667) says he died in 1413. Cappelletti, p. 396. Eubel, I, p. 245.
^Bertoldi had previously been Chamberlain of Pope Gregory XII (Roman Obedience), when he was in exile in Gaeta. In 1410 he was named Bishop of Fermo, though Fermo was not under Gregory's control. John XXIII appointed two bishops in succession at Fermo in 1412. On 15 December 1417, Pope Martin V resolved the problem of Bishop Bertoldi's employment by naming him Bishop of Fano. Ughelli, p. 667, and Amiani, I, p. 399 say that he died on 1 February 1445. The "Chronicle of Rimini" says that he died on 15 February (Cappelletti, p. 398). Eubel, I, p. 245, with note 11; p. 250, with note 11.
^A native of Fano, Giovanni di Tonsis was appointed bishop on 10 March 1445 by Pope Eugene IV. The bull of his appointment was presented to the Chapter on 4 April. On 11 April, he was consecrated in the cathedral by the bishops of Fossombrone, Jesi, and Cagli. Amiani, p. 399. Eubel, II, p. 152.
^Fra Antonio de Pignarolo received his bulls on 2 August 1482. He died in 1499, at the age of eighty-five. Cappelletti, p. 403. Eubel, II, p. 152.
^In his first years as Bishop, Gheri did not reside at Fano, but at Padua, where he was pursuing his education. He was only 17 when appointed: Eubel, III, p. 194. He died at the age of twenty-four, on 22 September 1537, still bishop-elect. Cappelletti, p. 405. Vittorio Bartoccetti, "Cosimo Gheri vescovo di Fano (con nuovi documenti), " Studia picena, 2 (1926), 153-208. (in Italian) Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 194.
^Born in Nonantola in 1501, Bertani was Theologian to Cardinal Ercole Gonzaga. He was named Bishop of Fano by Pope Paul III on 28 November 1537. He was papal Nuncio to the Emperor Charles V (1548-1550), and was named a cardinal by Pope Julius III on 20 November 1551. He died in Rome on 8 March 1558. Girolamo Tiraboschi (1781). Biblioteca modenese (in Italian). Vol. I. Forni. pp. 257–259. Cappelletti, pp. 412-414. Eubel, III, pp. 32 no. 10; 194 with note 6.
^Born in Fermo, Ottinelli had been Bishop of Castro (Kingdom of Naples) (1578–1587), and also Papal Nuncio to Savoy. Eubel, III, pp. 158 and 194, with n. 10.
^Lapis was a Florentine, and had been a Consistorial Advocate (lawyer), and Referendary (Judge) of the Apostolic Signatura. He was Privy Chamberlain of Pope Clement VIII and had accompanied him on his Nunciature in Poland. Gauchat, IV, p. 184, with note 2. Amiani, Parte seconda, pp. 265–266.
^Sacchetti had been Bishop of Gravina (1623–1626). He was named a cardinal on 19 January 1626, while he was still in Spain where he had been papal Nuncio (1624–1626), and received the red hat on 27 October 1626. He was transferred to the diocese of Fano on 16 March 1626, though he did not leave Rome for Fano until 28 February 1627. On 8 March 1627 he was named papal Legate in Ferrara, where he served until May 1630. He died in Rome on 28 June 1663. Amiani, II, p. 273. Ughelli, p. 670. Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, pp. 20 no. 12; 184 with note 4.
^Diotallevi belonged to a patrician family of Rimini. He had been a Referendary of the Tribunal of the Two Signatures under Pope Clement VIII, and was then Inquisitor of Malta (1605–1607). He was appointed Bishop of S. Agata dei Goti on 4 February 1608. On 17 September 1635 he was transferred to the diocese of Fano by Pope Urban VIII. He died on 30 April 1641, not in March 1643 (as Gauchat supposes). Ughelli, p. 670. Cappelletti, pp. 424-425. Gauchat, pp. 71 with note 3; 184 with note 5.
^The vacancy persisted for twenty-five months. Cappelletti, p. 425.
^Alfieri was a native of Montealbbado. He was appointed Bishop of Fano on 9 December 1649. He was consecrated a bishop in Rome by Cardinal Marcantonio Franciotto on 2 January 1650, though he did not make his entrance into the diocese until March 1650. He died on 17 September 1676. Amiani, II, pp. 287, 298. Cappelletti, p. 427. Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 185 with note 7.
^Ranuzzi was born in Bologna, and received a degree of Doctor in utroque iure (Doctor of Civil and Canon Law) at the University of Padua. He taught Canon Law in Fano. He was then brought to Rome, where he was appointed Referendary (Judge) in the Apostolic Signatura. Between 1661 and 1667 he governed several cities under papal control, including Ancona. He was named Nuncio to Savoy in 1668, for which office he was named Bishop of Damietta (Egypt), and consecrated in Rome on 24 June 1668 by Cardinal Cesare Facchinetti. He was then Nuncio in Poland (1671) and Paris (1683 and 1686). Ranuzzi was created a cardinal on 2 September 1686, though he never received the red hat or had a Titular church assigned. He was appointed Archbishop of Bologna on 17 May 1688 by Pope Innocent XI. Ritzler, V, p. 198, with note 2. Cappelletti, pp. 428–429. B. Neveu (ed.) Correspondance du Nonce en France Angelo Ranucci (1683-1689), (Roma 1973).
^Taddeo was born in Piacenza in 1641. He held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure from the Sapienza in Rome (1668). He was appointed a cardinal on 12 December 1695, in Innocent XII's first creation of cardinals, and assigned the titular church of S. Alessio. On 2 Jan 1696 dal Verme was appointed Bishop of Imola, and then Archbishop of Ferrara. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, pp. 19 no. 5; 198 with note 3.
^Giberti was a native of San Ginesio (Ancona). He held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure from the Sapienza in Rome. He was a Canon of the church of S. Maria Transtiberim in Rome, and served as Vicar General of the diocese of Tusculum (Frascatu). He had been Bishop of Cava from 1683 ti 1696, having been consecrated a bishop in Rome on 21 February 1783 by Cardinal Alessandro Crescenzio. He was transferred to the diocese of Fano on 17 December 1696 by Pope Innocent XII, and made his formal entry on 24 March 1697. He died on 26 November 1720, during a pestilence in Fano. Amiani, II, pp. 311, 325. Cappelletti, p. 429. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, pp. 152 with note 3; 198 with note 4.
^A native of Bologna, Dolfi was Doctor in utroque iure (Bologna) (Doctor of Civil and Canon Law). He was Canon of Bologna. Amiani, parte seconda, pp. 325–329. Dolfi took part in the Roman Council of 1725: Luigi Fiorani (1977). Il Concilio romano del 1725 (in Italian). Roma: Ed. di Storia e Letteratura. pp. 73, 255.
^Beni was born in Gubbio in 1677, was a Canon of the cathedral Chapter of Gubbio, and received the degree Doctor in utroque iure (Doctor of Civil and Canon Law) from the University of Macerata in 1706. Macerata was a "modest regional university," in the words of P.F. Grendler: Paul F. Grendler (2006). Renaissance Education Between Religion and Politics. Aldershot, Hampshire UK: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. 11–13. ISBN978-0-86078-989-5. For ten years he was a Vicar General of the diocese of Alba, and for three years Provost of the Cathedral Chapter. He was appointed Bishop of Fano on 28 September 1733 by Pope Clement XII. He wasw consecrated a bishop in Rome on 22 November 1733 by Cardinal Giovanni Guadagni. He died on 16 June 1764. Ritzler-Sefrin, VI, p. 213 with note 2.
^Orsi was born in Bologna in 1716. He held the degrees of doctor of theology and Doctor in utroque iure (Sapienza, Rome 1751). He was a commissary of the Fabric of S. Peter's. He was appointed Bishop of Fano on 17 December 1764 by Pope Clement XIII. He died in Fano on 26 December 1774. Ritzler-Sefrin, VI, p. 213 with note 3.
^Consalvi was born in Macerata, and received the degree Doctor in utroque iure (Doctor of Civil and Canon Law) from the University of Macerata in 1747. Macerata was a "modest regional university," in the words of P. F. Grendler: Grendler, Paul F. (2006). Renaissance Education Between Religion and Politics. pp. 11–13. ISBN9780860789895. Consalvi was named a Canon of San Lorenzo in Damaso in Rome, and sent as secretary (Abbreviator) to the papal embassy in Portugal. He was appointed Bishop of Fano on 13 March 1775, and consecrated bishop in Rome on 19 March 1775 by Cardinal Innocenzo Conti, who had been Papal Nuncio in Portugal (1770–1773). He died in Fano on 2 February 1787. Ritzler-Sefrin, VI, p. 213, with note 4.
^Severoli was a native of Faenza, born in 1757. He received the degree Doctor in utroque iure (Doctor of Civil and Canon Law) from the University of Cesena in 1787. He was Archdeacon and pro-Vicar-General of Faenza, and then Provost of the cathedral Chapter of Faenza. He was appointed Bishop of Fano on 23 April 1787. On 28 September 1801 he was transferred by Pope Pius VII to the titular metropolitan diocese of Petra (Palestine), though he was allowed to retain the diocese of Fano as Administrator. On 11 Jan 1808 Bishop Severoli was appointed Archbishop (Personal Title) of Viterbo e Tuscania. He was named a cardinal on 8 March 1816. He died in Rome on 8 September 1824. Ritzler-Sefrin, VI, p. 213, with note 5.
^Mancinelli was born in Todi in 1758. He had been titular bishop of Tiberias (1801–1808). He was appointed Bishop of Fano on 11 January 1808 by Pope Pius VII. Notizie per l'anno 1808 (in Italian). Roma: Stamperia Cracas. 1808. p. 142. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VIII, p. 268.
^Born in Rome in 1812, Vespasiani held a doctorate in sacred scripture, and had been professor of church history at the Pontifical Urban Athenaeum. He was a secretary at the Sacred Congregation de propaganda Fide. In 1846 he accompanied Archbishop Innocenzio Ferrerio on a mission to Sultan Abdulmejid I in Constantinople to announce the Pope's election. In the same year he was a member of the embassy of Archbishop Flavio Chigi sent to the Emperor Alexander II of Russia. Pius IX sent him on a mission to Malta. He published a book, De sacri pallii origine, in 1856. He was appointed Bishop of Fano on 15 December 1856. He died on 7 October 1877. Celestino Masetti (1857). Nel faustissimo Ingresso di ... Mr F. Vespasiani alla sede Vescovile di Fano. Elogio e Versi, etc (in Latin and Italian). Fano: Giovanni Lana. p. 3. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VIII, p. 191.
^Ruggeri was a Bolognese patrician, and held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure. He was a graduate of the Pontifical Academy of Noble Ecclesiastics. He was appointed a Referendary of the Tribunal of the Two Signatures on 15 April 1858. He had been Bishop of Bertinoro (1874–1882). He was appointed Bishop of Fano on 3 July 1882. He died on 23 March 1896. La civiltà cattolica: pubbl. periodica per tutta l'Italia (in Italian). Vol. Terza serie, Vol. IX. Roma. 1858. p. 483.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VIII, pp. 157, 268.
^CV: Diocesi di Fano Fossombrone Cagli Pergola, "Biografia Vescovo"; retrieved: 12 April 2019. (in Italian)
Gauchat, Patritius (Patrice) (1935). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 4 (1592-1667). Münster: Libraria Regensbergiana. pp. 184–185. Retrieved 2016-07-06.
Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1952). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi (in Latin). Vol. 5 (1667-1730). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio. p. 297. Retrieved 2016-07-06.
Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1958). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi (in Latin). Vol. 6 (1730-1799). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio. p. 213. Retrieved 2016-07-06.
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