Robot Scientist

Robot Scientist
Type of projectScientific Research
Location
OwnerRoss King
Established2004
FundingEPSRC
BBSRC[1][3][4]

Robot Scientist (also known as Adam[5]) is a laboratory robot created and developed by a group of scientists including Ross King, Kenneth Whelan, Ffion Jones, Philip Reiser, Christopher Bryant, Stephen Muggleton, Douglas Kell, Emma Byrne and Steve Oliver.[2][6][7][8][9][10]

Prototype

As a prototype for a "robot scientist", Adam is able to perform independent experiments to test hypotheses and interpret findings without human guidance, removing some of the drudgery of laboratory experimentation.[11][12] Adam is capable of:

While researching yeast-based functional genomics, Adam became the first machine in history to have discovered new scientific knowledge independently of its human creators.[5][17][18]

Adam and Eve

Adam's research studied baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)[2] and is one of two robot scientists along with "Eve"[13][19] (named after Adam and Eve), a robot currently doing research on drug screening.[20][21][22][23][24]

The overall process of testing the reproducibility and robustness of the cancer biology literature via Eve

Eve has been used for semi-automated testing for reproducibility of experimental cancer research.[25][26]

References

  1. ^ a b "2 April 2009 – Robot scientist becomes first machine to discover new scientific knowledge – Media release – BBSRC". Archived from the original on 14 May 2013.
  2. ^ a b c King, R. D.; Whelan, K. E.; Jones, F. M.; Reiser, P. G. K.; Bryant, C. H.; Muggleton, S. H.; Kell, D. B.; Oliver, S. G. (2004). "Functional genomic hypothesis generation and experimentation by a robot scientist". Nature. 427 (6971): 247–252. Bibcode:2004Natur.427..247K. doi:10.1038/nature02236. PMID 14724639. S2CID 4428725.
  3. ^ BBSRC grant A robot scientist for drug design and chemical genetics Archived 24 February 2018 at the Wayback Machine, via Research Councils UK
  4. ^ BBSRC grant: A robot scientist for yeast systems biology, via Research Councils UK
  5. ^ a b King, P.; Rowland, J.; Aubrey, W.; Liakata, M.; Markham, M.; Soldatova, L. N.; Whelan, K. E.; Clare, A.; Young, M.; Sparkes, A.; Oliver, S. G.; Pir, P. (2009). "The Robot Scientist Adam". Computer. 42 (7): 46–54. doi:10.1109/MC.2009.270. S2CID 13920692.
  6. ^ "Robot Scientist at Aberystwyth University". Archived from the original on 12 June 2011.
  7. ^ Sparkes, A.; Aubrey, W.; Byrne, E.; Clare, A.; Khan, M. N.; Liakata, M.; Markham, M.; Rowland, J.; Soldatova, L. N.; Whelan, K. E.; Young, M.; King, R. D. (2010). "Towards Robot Scientists for autonomous scientific discovery". Automated Experimentation. 2: 1. doi:10.1186/1759-4499-2-1. PMC 2813846. PMID 20119518.
  8. ^ King, R. D.; Rowland, J.; Oliver, S. G.; Young, M.; Aubrey, W.; Byrne, E.; Liakata, M.; Markham, M.; Pir, P.; Soldatova, L. N.; Sparkes, A.; Whelan, K. E.; Clare, A. (2009). "Make Way for Robot Scientists". Science. 325 (5943): 945. Bibcode:2009Sci...325R.945K. doi:10.1126/science.325_945a. PMID 19696334.
  9. ^ Anderson, Philip W.; Abrahams, Elihu (2009). "Machines Fall Short of Revolutionary Science". Science. 324 (5934): 1515–1516. Bibcode:2009Sci...324.1515A. doi:10.1126/science.324_1515c. PMID 19541975.
  10. ^ a b King, R. D. (2011). "Rise of the Robo Scientists". Scientific American. 304 (1): 72–76. Bibcode:2011SciAm.304a..72K. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0111-72. PMID 21265330.
  11. ^ Mosher, Dave (13 April 2011). "Developer of Robot Scientist Wants to Standardize Science". Wired.
  12. ^ Buchen, Lizzie (2 April 2009). "Robot Makes Scientific Discovery All by Itself". Wired.
  13. ^ a b Wilson, N. (2004). "Technology: A robot scientist". Nature Reviews Genetics. 5 (3): 164. doi:10.1038/nrg1300. S2CID 5633301.
  14. ^ Greenemeier, Larry (2009). "Meet Adam and Eve: AI Lab-Bots That Can Take On Reams of Data". Scientific American. Retrieved 2 April 2009.
  15. ^ Kleiner, Kurt (2009). "Robot scientist makes discoveries without human help". New Scientist.
  16. ^ Gill, Victoria (2 April 2009). "Robo-scientist's first findings". BBC News.
  17. ^ King, R. D.; Rowland, J.; Oliver, S. G.; Young, M.; Aubrey, W.; Byrne, E.; Liakata, M.; Markham, M.; Pir, P.; Soldatova, L. N.; Sparkes, A.; Whelan, K. E.; Clare, A. (2009). "The Automation of Science". Science. 324 (5923): 85–89. Bibcode:2009Sci...324...85K. doi:10.1126/science.1165620. PMID 19342587. S2CID 14948753.
  18. ^ Cookson, Clive (2009). "Robot achieves scientific first". Financial Times.
  19. ^ Williams, K.; Bilsland, E.; Sparkes, A.; Aubrey, W.; Young, M.; Soldatova, L. N.; De Grave, K.; Ramon, J.; De Clare, M.; Sirawaraporn, W.; Oliver, S. G.; King, R. D. (2015). "Cheaper faster drug development validated by the repositioning of drugs against neglected tropical diseases". Journal of the Royal Society Interface. 12 (104): 20141289. doi:10.1098/rsif.2014.1289. PMC 4345494. PMID 25652463.
  20. ^ Robot Scientist Helps Design New Drugs, Voice of America
  21. ^ Robot scientist’ Eve could speed up search for new drugs, kurzweilai.net
  22. ^ 'Robot scientist' holds key to new drugs, BBC News
  23. ^ 'Robot Scientist' Could Speed Up Drug Discovery, Sky News
  24. ^ 'Robot Scientist' Could Speed Up Drug Discovery, Yahoo News
  25. ^ "'Robot scientist' Eve finds that less than one-third of scientific results are reproducible". University of Cambridge. Retrieved 15 May 2022.
  26. ^ Roper, Katherine; Abdel-Rehim, A.; Hubbard, Sonya; Carpenter, Martin; Rzhetsky, Andrey; Soldatova, Larisa; King, Ross D. (2022). "Testing the reproducibility and robustness of the cancer biology literature by robot". Journal of the Royal Society Interface. 19 (189): 20210821. doi:10.1098/rsif.2021.0821. PMC 8984295. PMID 35382578.

See also

Wikinews has related news:

Read other articles:

List of United States Navy amphibious warfare ships

Ships of the United States NavyShips in current service Current ships Ships grouped alphabetically A–B C D–F G–H I–K L M N–O P Q–R S T–V W–Z Ships grouped by type Aircraft carriers Airships Amphibious warfare ships Auxiliaries Battlecruisers Battleships Cruisers Destroyers Destroyer escorts Destroyer leaders Escort carriers Frigates Hospital ships Littoral combat ships Mine warfare vessels Monitors Oilers Patrol vessels Registered civilian vessels Sailing frigates Steam friga...

 

2023 Under-20 Intercontinental Cup

Football match Football match2023 Under-20 Intercontinental CupLa Bombonera, venue of the match Boca Juniors AZ 1 1 Boca Juniors won 4–1 on penaltiesDate9 September 2023VenueLa Bombonera, Buenos AiresRefereeGery Vargas (Bolivia)Attendance37,386WeatherSunny18 °C (64 °F)← 2022 2024 → The 2023 Under-20 Intercontinental Cup (Spanish: Sub-20 Intercontinental 2023) was the second edition of the UEFA–CONMEBOL Under-20 Intercontinental Cup, a one-off football match organis...

 

1992 Republican Party presidential primaries

Selection of Republican US presidential candidate 1992 Republican Party presidential primaries ← 1988 February 18 to June 9, 1992 1996 → 2,209 delegates to the Republican National Convention1,105 delegate[1] votes needed to win   Candidate George H. W. Bush Pat Buchanan Home state Texas Virginia Delegate count 1,544 367 Contests won 51 0 Popular vote 9,199,463 2,899,488 Percentage 72.8% 23.0% Gold denotes a state won by George H. W. Bush....

Redondo Beach station

Los Angeles Metro Rail station Redondo Beach Redondo Beach station platformGeneral informationLocation5301 Marine AvenueRedondo Beach, CaliforniaCoordinates33°53′41″N 118°22′09″W / 33.8947°N 118.3693°W / 33.8947; -118.3693Owned byLos Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation AuthorityPlatforms1 island platformTracks2ConnectionsBeach Cities TransitGTransLawndale BeatLADOT Commuter ExpressLos Angeles Metro BusConstructionStructure typeElevatedParking340...

 

Nazionale di calcio del Qatar

Qatar Campione d'Asia in carica Uniformi di gara Casa Trasferta Sport Calcio Federazione QFA(Qatar Football Association) Confederazione AFC Codice FIFA QAT Soprannome Al-Annabi, in arabo: العنابي(i Marroni) Selezionatore Tintín Márquez Record presenze Hassan Al-Haidos (185) Capocannoniere Mansour Muftah (55) Ranking FIFA 34º (4 aprile 2024)[1] Sponsor tecnico Nike Esordio internazionale Bahrein 2 - 1 Qatar Bahrein; 27 marzo 1970 Migliore vittoria Qatar 15 - 0 Bhutan Doha, Q...

 

Historic Centre of Lima

World Heritage Site in Peru Historic Centre of LimaUNESCO World Heritage SiteThe Cathedral of Lima located in the main square of the historic centerLocationLima, PeruCriteriaCultural: (iv)Reference500bisInscription1988 (12th Session)Extensions1991Area259.36 ha (640.9 acres)Buffer zone766.7 ha (1,895 acres)Coordinates12°3′5″S 77°2′35″W / 12.05139°S 77.04306°W / -12.05139; -77.04306Location of Historic Centre of Lima in Peru Located princi...

WFPR

Radio station in Hammond, LouisianaWFPRHammond, Louisiana[1]Broadcast areaTangipahoa Parish, LouisianaGreater New Orleans[2][3]Frequency1400 AM kHzBrandingThe Boss CountryProgrammingFormatClassic Country[4]OwnershipOwnerNorthshore Media Group[1](North Shore Broadcasting Co., Inc.[1])Sister stationsWHMD, WJSH, WTGG, WYLKHistoryFirst air dateNovember 15, 1947[5]Former call signsWFPR (1947–Present)[6]Technical informationFacility ...

 

Військово-музичне управління Збройних сил України

Військово-музичне управління Збройних сил України Тип військове формуванняЗасновано 1992Країна  Україна Емблема управління Військово-музичне управління Збройних сил України — структурний підрозділ Генерального штабу Збройних сил України призначений для планува...

 

Vatnajökull National Park

Vatnajökull National ParkHikers journey to Hvannadalshnjúkur, the high peak of Öræfajökull.LocationSouth, southeast, east and northeast IcelandCoordinates64°30′N 17°00′W / 64.500°N 17.000°W / 64.500; -17.000Area14,141 square kilometres (5,460 sq mi)Established7 June 2008; 15 years ago (2008-06-07) UNESCO World Heritage SiteOfficial nameVatnajökull National Park - dynamic nature of fire and iceCriteriaNatural: (viii)Designa...

Cámara de Senadores (Uruguay)

Cámara de Senadores de laRepública Oriental del Uruguay XLIX Legislatura Palacio LegislativoInformación generalÁmbito Uruguay UruguayAtribuciones Sección lII de la Constitución de la República Oriental del UruguayTipo Cámara alta de la Asamblea General Legislativa de UruguayInicio de sesiones 15 de febrero de 2020LiderazgoPresidencia Beatriz Argimón - VP (PN)desde el 1 de marzo de 2020 Primer Vicepresidente Germán Coutinho (PC)desde el 10 de marzo de 2020 Segundo Vicepresi...

 

Virginia House of Delegates

Lower house of the Virginia General Assembly 37°32′19″N 77°26′00″W / 37.53865°N 77.43331°W / 37.53865; -77.43331 Virginia House of Delegates163rd Virginia General AssemblyTypeTypeLower House of the Virginia General Assembly Term limitsNoneHistoryEstablished1776Preceded byHouse of BurgessesNew session startedJanuary 10, 2024LeadershipSpeakerDon Scott (D) since January 10, 2024 Majority LeaderCharniele Herring (D) since January 10, 2024 Minority LeaderTo...

 

Senago

Senagocomune Senago – VedutaIl parco con la Villa San Carlo Borromeo LocalizzazioneStato Italia Regione Lombardia Città metropolitana Milano AmministrazioneSindacoMagda Beretta (Lega) dal 25-06-2017 (2º mandato dal 13-06-2022) TerritorioCoordinate45°35′N 9°08′E45°35′N, 9°08′E (Senago) Altitudine169 m s.l.m. Superficie8,6 km² Abitanti21 394[1] (31-5-2023) Densità2 487,67 ab./km² FrazioniCastelletto, Lazzaretto, Sena...

Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta W2

Ada usul agar artikel ini digabungkan ke Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta. (Diskusikan) Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta W2Panjang7,87 kmDibangun2013-2014PengelolaPT Marga Lingkar Jakarta (MLJ) Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta W2 Utara adalah jalan tol lanjutan Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta W1 yang menghubungkan kawasan Kembangan dengan kawasan Ulujami. Panjang jalan tol ini adalah 7,87 km. Dikelola oleh PT. MLJ. Nantinya jalan tol ini akan beroperasi menjadi 2 bagian yaitu Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar ...

 

1931–32 Washington Huskies men's basketball team

American college basketball season 1931–32 Washington Huskies men's basketballPCC Northern Division ChampionsConferencePacific Coast ConferenceRecord19–6 (12–4 PCC)Head coachHec Edmundson (12th season)CaptainRalph CairneyHome arenaUW PavilionSeasons← 1930–311932–33 → 1931–32 Pacific Coast Conference men's basketball standings vte Conf Overall Team W   L   PCT W   L   PCT North Washington 12 – 4   .750 19 – 6 ...

 

2012年夏季奧林匹克運動會拉脫維亞代表團

2012年夏季奥林匹克运动会拉脱维亚代表團拉脱维亚国旗IOC編碼LATNOC拉脫維亞奧林匹克委員會網站www.olimpiade.lv（拉脱维亚文）2012年夏季奥林匹克运动会（倫敦）2012年7月27日至8月12日運動員46參賽項目12个大项旗手Mārtiņš Pļaviņš[1]獎牌榜排名第49 金牌 銀牌 銅牌 總計 1 0 1 2 历届奥林匹克运动会参赛记录（总结）夏季奥林匹克运动会19241928193219361948–19881992199620002004200820122...

Fuxin railway station

High-speed railway station in Fuxin, China This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Fuxin railway station – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Fuxin阜新General informationOther namesFuxin NorthLocationSihe Town, Xihe District, Fuxin, LiaoningChinaCo...

 

Габороне

ГородГаборонетсвана Gaborone Флаг 24°39′25″ ю. ш. 25°54′31″ в. д.HGЯO Страна  Ботсвана Мэр Кагисо Тхутлве История и география Основан 1964 Прежние названия Габеронес Город с 1969 Площадь 169[1] км² Высота центра 1100 м Тип климата семиаридный Часовой пояс UTC+2:00 Населе...

 

اتحاد إيران لكرة القدم

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (فبراير 2016) اتحاد جمهورية إيران الإسلامية لكرة القدم (بالفارسية: فدراسیون فوتبال جمهوری اسلامی ایران)‏، و(بالإنجليز...

Daniele D'Anza

Daniele D'Anza Daniele D'Anza (Milano, 20 aprile 1922 – Roma, 12 aprile 1984) è stato un regista e sceneggiatore italiano. Fu assai attivo nella regia di film per la televisione e serie televisive e, in modo minore, di film destinati al cinema. Fra gli sceneggiati televisivi da lui diretti si ricordano in particolare Il segno del comando, L'amaro caso della baronessa di Carini, Madame Bovary e Vita col padre e con la madre. È stato anche sceneggiatore, soprattutto agli albori della sua ca...

 

IndyCar Series at Iowa Speedway

American motorsport race series Motor race IndyCar Series at Iowa SpeedwayIndyCar SeriesVenueIowa SpeedwayFirst race2007Distance218.75 milesLaps250Previous namesIowa Corn Indy 250 (2007–2013)Iowa Corn Indy 300 (2014–2015)Iowa Corn 300 (2016–2018) Iowa 300 (2019)Iowa IndyCar 250s (2020)Hy-VeeDeals.com 250 presented by DoorDash (2022)Hy-Vee Salute to Farmers 300 presented by Google (2022)Most wins (driver)Josef Newgarden (6)Most wins (team)Team Penske (9)Most wins (manufacturer)Chassis: D...