Robert Otto Pohl (December 17, 1929 – August 30, 2024) was a German-American physicist, specializing in condensed matter physics topics such as solid state physics, thermal conductivity, and thin films,[1] who was the Goldwin Smith Emeritus Professor of Physics at Cornell University where he has been on the faculty since the 1950s.
Life and career
Robert O. Pohl's father was the physicist Robert Wichard Pohl (1884–1976), whose maternal grandfather was Friedrich Wichard Lange (1826–1884), a member of the Hamburg Parliament. After completing undergraduate study at the University of Freiburg, Robert O. Pohl matriculated as a graduate student at the University of Erlangen. There he graduated with a Diplom (M.S.) in 1955 and a doctorate in 1957 and worked as an assistant in physics for the academic year 1957–1958.[1] He emigrated to the United States in 1958.
Robert O. Pohl has done research on experimental investigations of glass and glassy materials,[3] as well as heat transport and lattice transport behavior in crystalline solids and in amorphous solids, structure of glass, cryogenic techniques, and energy problems.[2]
In 1985 he received the Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize for "his pioneering work on low energy excitations in amorphous materials and continued important contributions to the understanding of thermal transport in solids."[4] It was considered the highest recognition in condensed matter physics.[3]
Springer published Robert Wichard Pohl's 3-volume edition of Einführung in die Physik (vol. 1, Mechanik und Akustik, 1930; vol. 2, Elektrizitätslehre, 1927; vol. 3, 1940, Optik) with many later editions and a 2-volume edition edited by Klaus Lüders and Robert O. Pohl (vol. 1, Mechanik, Akustik und Wärmelehre, 19th edition, 2004; vol. 2, 22nd edition, 2006). Robert O. Pohl added videos of demonstration experiments for the latest editions.[10]
Pohl died in Göttingen, Germany on August 30, 2024, at the age of 94.[11]
Pohl's opinions on nuclear waste disposal
In addition to his main research interests, Robert O. Pohl was concerned about radioactive waste disposal and its effects on the environment and human health.[12] During the Carter administration he served on a Presidential advisory committee on nuclear waste disposal.[13]
In a 1982 article published in Physics Today, Pohl wrote:[14]
In discussing adequate protection from the nuclear waste, the proper yardstick, in my opinion, is not how many people will be killed by it on a statistical basis (sometimes even expressed as the number of cancer fatalities per megawatt-year of electrical energy produced). Rather, the point is whether we want to impose on future generations the need to live permanently with radiation monitors, something we do not have to do right now—apart from some unfortunate exceptions. In my opinion, we should make every effort to avoid subjecting our descendants to this additional concern. This would require find permanently safe disposal methods for all forms of radioactive wastes, since any disposal of long-lived radioactive species in shallow landfills, or through ocean dumping, as is currently practiced for the many of low-level waste arising in the nuclear fuel cycle, would be unacceptable.[15]
McNelly, T. F.; Rogers, S. J.; Channin, D. J.; Rollefson, R. J.; Goubau, W. M.; Schmidt, G. E.; Krumhansl, J. A.; Pohl, R. O. (1970). "Heat Pulses in NaF: Onset of Second Sound". Physical Review Letters. 24 (3): 100–102. Bibcode:1970PhRvL..24..100M. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.24.100.
Zeller, R. C.; Pohl, R. O. (1971). "Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat of Noncrystalline Solids". Physical Review B. 4 (6): 2029–2041. Bibcode:1971PhRvB...4.2029Z. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.4.2029. (over 2200 citations)
Cahill, David G.; Fischer, Henry E.; Klitsner, Tom; Swartz, E. T.; Pohl, R. O. (1989). "Thermal conductivity of thin films: Measurements and understanding". Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films. 7 (3): 1259–1266. Bibcode:1989JVSTA...7.1259C. doi:10.1116/1.576265.
Olson, J. R.; Pohl, R. O.; Vandersande, J. W.; Zoltan, A.; Anthony, T. R.; Banholzer, W. F. (1993). "Thermal conductivity of diamond between 170 and 1200 K and the isotope effect". Physical Review B. 47 (22): 14850–14856. Bibcode:1993PhRvB..4714850O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.47.14850. PMID10005859.
Liu, Xiao; White, Jr, B. E.; Pohl, R. O.; Iwanizcko, E.; Jones, K. M.; Mahan, A. H.; Nelson, B. N.; Crandall, R. S.; Veprek, S. (1997). "Amorphous Solid without Low Energy Excitations". Physical Review Letters. 78 (23): 4418–4421. Bibcode:1997PhRvL..78.4418L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4418.
Pohl, Robert O.; Liu, Xiao; Thompson, Eunjoo (2002). "Low-temperature thermal conductivity and acoustic attenuation in amorphous solids". Reviews of Modern Physics. 74 (4): 991–1013. Bibcode:2002RvMP...74..991P. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.74.991. (over 400 citations)
