Robert Charles Bates

Robert Charles Bates
Bornc. 1872
Columbia, Richland County, South Carolina, U.S.
Diedunknown, after 1940
Other namesR. Charles Bates,
Robert C. Bates
Occupation(s)Architect, educator
Known forDesign of early campus buildings at Claflin University, possibly the first Black teacher of architecture at a HBU, possibly the first African-American architecture textbook author

Robert Charles Bates (c. 1872–unknown, after 1940),[1] was an American architect, educator, and textbook author.[2][3] He was an African American architect and helped design and build many of the Claflin University campus buildings, a historically black university (HBU) in South Carolina.[2][4][5] He is thought to the first Black teacher of architecture at a HBU; and the first African American author of an architecture textbook.[6][7]

Biography

Robert Charles Bates was born c. 1872 in Columbia, South Carolina, where his father was a farmer.[1] It is thought that he took a correspondence course in mechanical drawing (possibly from Scranton Correspondence School in Scranton, Pennsylvania).[1] He attended Clafin University's Normal School to become a teacher, but he was short two years from graduation.[when?][1]

In a turn of events and despite not graduating, he was appointed as the superintendent of manual training at Claflin University, determined by the Freedmen's Aid Society and the Southern Education Society.[when?][1] By fall of 1890, Bates was teaching architectural drawing at Claflin, and is believed to be the first Black teacher of architecture at a HBU.[1][8][7] Two years later he published a textbook based on his class lectures, and despite being poorly written, it may be the first architecture book authored by an African American.[1][6]

From 1897 until 1900, Bates moved to Upstate New York in order to teach mechanical drawing at Elmira Reformatory.[1] Followed by teaching vocational trade at the Jacob Tome Institution for Black juvenile delinquents and orphans in Port Deposit, Cecil County, Maryland.[1][9]

Many of the biographical details of Bate's life are unknown, including his circumstances in death.[1] Bates' profile was included in the biographical dictionary African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865–1945 (2004).

Publications

  • Bates, R. Charles (1892). The Elementary Principles of Architecture and Building. Boston, Massachusetts: Press of Geo. H. Ellis.

Works

  • T. Willard Lewis Chapel (1890) at Claflin University, Orangeburg, South Carolina[1]
  • Fisk Building (main building, 1899) the north and south towers at Claflin University, Orangeburg, South Carolina (destroyed by a fire in 1913)[1][2][10][11]
  • Fisk Building (main building, 1900) classroom annex at Claflin University, Orangeburg, South Carolina (destroyed by a fire in 1913)[1]
  • John F. Slater Manual training building at Claflin University, Orangeburg, South Carolina[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Wilson, Dreck Spurlock (March 2004). "Robert Charles Bates". African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945. Routledge. pp. 38–40. ISBN 978-1-135-95629-5.
  2. ^ a b c "Vintage Orangeburg/Day 34: Claflin established by state charter to assist freed slaves". The Times and Democrat. December 10, 2014. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
  3. ^ Wilkins, Craig (2016-03-10). Diversity Among Architects: From Margin to Center. Routledge. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-317-47927-7.
  4. ^ "Claflin University (1869- )". BlackPast.org. 2010-07-06. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
  5. ^ "Exhibition celebrates Claflin's 125th anniversary". The Times and Democrat. 1994-09-16. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
  6. ^ a b Bell, Carla Jackson (2014-08-01). Space Unveiled: Invisible Cultures in the Design Studio. Routledge. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-317-65911-2.
  7. ^ a b Weiss, Ellen (2012-01-01). Robert R. Taylor and Tuskegee: An African American Architect Designs for Booker T. Washington. NewSouth Books. pp. 48–49. ISBN 978-1-58838-248-1.
  8. ^ Suggs, Ernie. "A dozen things you need to know about Claflin University". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. ISSN 1539-7459. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
  9. ^ "Succeeds Dr. F. R. Lane". The Baltimore Sun. 1908-12-14. p. 10. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
  10. ^ Brooks, F. Erik; Starks, Glenn L. (2011-09-30). Historically Black Colleges and Universities: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-313-39415-7.
  11. ^ Hill, Lauritza Salley (2013). African Americans of Orangeburg County. Arcadia Publishing. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-7385-9880-2.