Rita Kőbán (born 10 April 1965) is a Hungariancanoe sprinter. She competed at the 1988, 1992, 1996 and 2000 Olympics and won six medals, with two golds (1992: K-4 500 m, 1996: K-1 500 m), three silvers (1988: K-4 500 m, 1992: K-1 500 m, 2000: K-4 500 m), and one bronze (1992: K-2 500 m).
Kőbán has also been successful in the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships collecting 26 medals. This includes nine golds (K-1 200 m: 1994, 1995; K-1 500 m: 1995, K-2 200 m: 1994, K-4 200 m: 1994, 1998, 1999; K-4 500 m: 1986, 1999), ten silvers (K-1 500 m: 1991, 1994; K-1 5000 m: 1993, K-2 200 m: 1998, K-2 500 m: 1985, K-4 500 m: 1987, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1994), and seven bronzes (K-1 200 m: 1999, K-1 500 m: 1999, K-2 200 m: 1999, K-2 500 m: 1998, K-4 500 m: 1985, 1993, 1995).
She was elected Hungarian Sportswoman of the Year in 1994 and 1995, ending the string of six consecutive titles by Krisztina Egerszegi. After retiring from competitions, she briefly worked as a TV presenter.