Rhinoceros ratsnake

Rhinoceros ratsnake
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Colubridae
Genus: Gonyosoma
Species:
G. boulengeri
Binomial name
Gonyosoma boulengeri
(Mocquard, 1897)
Synonyms[2]
  • Rhynchophis boulengeri
    Mocquard, 1897
  • Proboscidophis versicolor
    Fan, 1931
  • Rhynchophis boulengeri
    — M.A. Smith, 1943
  • Gonyosoma boulengeri
    — Chen et al., 2014

The rhinoceros ratsnake (Gonyosoma boulengeri), also known commonly as the rhinoceros snake, rhino rat snake, and Vietnamese longnose snake,[3] is a species of nonvenomous ratsnake in the family Colubridae. The species is found from northern Vietnam to southern China. It has a prominent, distinctive, scaled protrusion on the front of its snout, which has led to its common naming after a rhinoceros.[4]

Etymology

The specific name, boulengeri, is in honor of Belgian-British biologist George Albert Boulenger.[5][6][7]

Geographic range

G. boulengeri is found in northern Vietnam including Tam Dao,[8] and in southern China.[9] During a 2001 survey, 10 specimens were observed in Yên Bái Province, northern Vietnam.[10]

Description

Rhinoceros ratsnake showing full body coils

The adult size of G. boulengeri is 100–160 cm (39–63 in) in total length (including tail). Its scale count includes 19 rows of dorsals at midbody.[9]

Natural history

The rhinoceros ratsnake inhabits subtropical rainforests at elevations between 300 and 1,100 m (980 and 3,610 ft), particularly valleys with streams. It is generally arboreal, and mostly diurnal, hunting small mice and other rodents, birds, and perhaps other vertebrate prey. Oviparous, its mating season from April to May may produce five to 10 eggs in a clutch. After 60 days' incubation, hatchlings are 30–35 cm (12–14 in) total length, brownish grey with dark edges on several dorsal scales. As they mature, rhinoceros ratsnakes change color to steel grey at about 12–14 months, then to a bluish green or green adult hue at about 24 months. However, a rare few individuals maintain their steel grey subadult color and do not pass into ordinarily mature color phase.[8] Studies conducted by Bangor University have suggested that the nasal protrusion is used for mating displays in which the males may 'fence' off rivals. Other studies have found little correlation between the use of the nasal protrusion and courtship displays, which may suggest the true function is still unknown. [11]

References

Rhinoceros ratsnake, dorsal view
  1. ^ Rao, D.-q.; Lau, M. (2012). "Gonyosoma boulengeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T190628A1955324. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T190628A1955324.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ^ Species Gonyosoma boulengeri at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
  3. ^ Rhynchophis boulengeri (Vietnamese Longnose Snake) Archived 2012-08-26 at the Wayback Machine. Zipcodezoo.com. Retrieved on 2013-01-03.
  4. ^ Rhino Ratsnake, Rhynchophis boulengeri (MOCQUARD, 1897)[usurped]. Ratsnakefoundation.org. Retrieved on 2013-01-03.
  5. ^ "Rhynchophis boulengeri, Vietnamese Longnose Snake". Ratsnake Foundation. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. D.A. Boulenger [sic], almost certainly meaning George Albert Boulenger.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  6. ^ Rhynchophis boulengeri MOCQUARD, 1897. reptile-database.reptarium.cz
  7. ^ Beolens B, Watkins M, Grayson M (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Rhynchophis boulengeri, p. 34).
  8. ^ a b Rhynchophis boulengeri Archived 2011-02-16 at the Wayback Machine. www.schlangenland.de. Retrieved on 2013-01-03.
  9. ^ a b Rhynchophis boulengeri – Rhino Ratsnake[usurped]. Ratsnakefoundation.org. Retrieved on 2013-01-03.
  10. ^ Tordoff et al. (May 2001). A Rapid Biodiversity Survey of Che Tao Commune, Mu Cang Chai District, Yen Bai Province, Vietnam, Hanoi, note those of its reported species which have IUCN Redlist status, and have no such notes for Rhynchophis boulengeri which was observed in this report.
  11. ^ Durso, A. M.; Bolon, I.; Kleinhesselink, A. R.; Mondardini, M. R.; Fernandez-Marquez, J. L.; Gutsche-Jones, F.; Gwilliams, C.; Tanner, M.; Smith, C. E.; Wüster, W.; Grey, F.; Ruiz De Castañeda, R. (2021). "Crowdsourcing snake identification with online communities of professional herpetologists and avocational snake enthusiasts". Royal Society Open Science. 8 (1). Bibcode:2021RSOS....801273D. doi:10.1098/rsos.201273. hdl:20.500.11850/468872. PMID 33614073.

Further reading

  • Brachtel, Norbert (1998). "Das Portrait: Rhynchophis boulengeri (Mocquard, 1897)". Sauria, Berlin 20 (1): 2. (in German).
  • Mocquard F (1897). "Notes herpétologiques". Bulletin du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Series 1, 3 (6): 211-217. (Rhynchophis boulengeri, new species, p. 215). (in French).
  • Orlov, Nikolai et al. (1999). "Eine seltene Natter aus Nordvietnam, Rhynchophis boulengeri (Mocquard, 1897)". Sauria, Berlin 20 (1): 3–8. (in German).
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rhynchophis boulengeri.
  • Captive care of rhino ratsnakes (Rhynchophis boulengeri ) from Adam Wilford of AC Snakes, United Kingdom [1].
  • Sacha Korell's Natural Elaphe Collection image gallery for Vietnamese Longnose Snake (Rhynchophis boulengeri ) [2].
  • Image: "A rare rhino rat snake (Rhynchophis boulengeri ) emerges from its shell at ZSL London Zoo". Telegraph.co.uk [3].