Ranunculus aquatilis var. capillaceus (Thuill.) DC.
Ranunculus aquatilis var. trichophyllus (Chaix ex Vill.) A. Gray
Ranunculus trichophyllus var. trichophyllus (None Known)[1]
Ranunculus trichophyllus, the threadleaf crowfoot,[3] or thread-leaved water-crowfoot,[4][5] is a plant species in the genus Ranunculus, native to Europe, Asia and North America.
It is a herbaceousannual or perennial plant generally found in slow flowing streams, ponds, or lakes. The daisy-like flowers are white with a yellow centre, with five petals.[6]
It is similar in form to Ranunculus fluitans (river water-crowfoot), apart from flower petal number, thread-leaved has on 5 petals and shorter leaves, as thread-leaved prefers slower flowing waters. It also has rounded seed heads which become fruits covered with bristles.[6]
The segmented leaves and the plants ability to photosynthesis underwater have been studied.[7]
Taxonomy
It was first described and published by the French naturalist and botanist Dominique Villars in his book 'Histoire des plantes du Dauphiné' Vol.3 on page 335 in 1786.[1][8]
The species epithettrichophyllus is Latin for 'hairy leaves'.[9]
In North America it is also commonly known as the 'white water crow foot'.[10] The Icelandic name of this species is Lónasóley.[11]
Phytoremediation is a plant-based approach, which involves the use of plants to extract and remove elemental pollutants or lower their bioavailability in soil.[14] Ranunculus trichophyllus, commonly known as the threadleaf crowfoot or Three-leaved Crowfoot, is a species of aquatic plant. It belongs to the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). However, it's not a widely studied or economically significant plant, and information about its specific importance might be limited. Therefore, in terms of Phytoremediation, there is limited information other than the species participates in phytofiltration. Phytofiltration is a type of phytoremediation of heavy metal-polluted soil. Phytofiltration is the use of plant roots (rhizofiltratio)), shoots (caulofiltration), or seedlings (blastofiltration) to remove pollutants from contaminated surface waters or waste waters. During rhizofiltration, heavy metals are either adsorbed onto the root surface or absorbed by the roots. Root exudates can change rhizosphere pH, which leads to the precipitation of heavy metals on plant roots, further minimizing the movement of heavy metals to underground water.[14] Ranunculus trichophyllus is great in phytofiltration to deal with arsenic which is accumulated in aquatic plants and eliminated from water.[15]
Range
It grows in freshwater,[16] found in dune slacks and drainage ditches to ponds, lakes, streams and slow-flowing rivers.
It can be found up to 3,000 m (9,800 ft) above sea level.[2]
^Lacoul, P.; Freedman, B. (August 2006). "Recent Observation of a Proliferation of Ranunculus trichophyllus Chaix. in High-Altitude Lakes of the Mount Everest Region". Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. 38 (3): 394–398. doi:10.1657/1523-0430(2006)38[394:rooapo]2.0.co;2.
^Ungureanu G, Santos S, Boaventura R, Botelho C. Arsenic and antimony in water and wastewater: overview of removal techniques with special reference to latest advances in adsorption. Journal of environmental management. 2015 Mar 15;151:326-42.
