Putāruru is a small town in the South Waikato District[3] and the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It lies on the western side of the Mamaku Ranges and in the upper basin of the Waihou River. It is on the Oraka Stream[4] 65 kilometres south-east of Hamilton. State Highway 1 and the Kinleith Branch railway run through the town.[5]
The town gets its name from a historic event which occurred nearby. Korekore a granddaughter of Raukawa, the founder of the Ngāti Raukawa iwi, was murdered by her husband Parahore. Her servant Ruru witnessed her murder and escaped into the forest where he hid and waited for Parahore and his men to give up their pursuit of him. The place where he exited the forest was named "Te Puta a Ruru" or "the exit of Ruru". This was eventually shorted to Putāruru.[6][7][8]
There were several Māori settlements in the Putāruru district in pre-colonial times. Ngāti Raukawa is the main tribe or iwi in the area and Ngāti Mahana is the hapū (subtribe) within Putāruru. During Te Rauparaha's migration to the Cook Strait area in the 1820s, many Ngāti Raukawa people moved from these settlements to Rangitikei and Manawatu localities, and others followed after the Siege of Ōrākau in 1864. Te Kooti and his followers were pursued through the district early in 1870 by a force under Lt-Col. Thomas McDonnell.
The Patetere Block, containing the future town site of Putāruru, was acquired from the Māori in the 1860s. In the early 1880s large areas in the Putāruru district came into the possession of the Patetere Land Company, and from 1883 much of this land passed into the hands of the Thames Valley Land Company. Roadmaking commenced in the late 1880s, but the railway, begun by the Thames Valley and Rotorua Railway Co., was the most important factor in the progress of settlement in the area.
The first settler in the district bought his section in 1892.
In the 1880s Putāruru consisted of little more than a hotel and a blacksmith shop.
Exotic afforestation was begun in the district some time after 1910 by a land and timber company with an outlet to the Hamilton-Rotorua railway near Pinedale. Commercial tree planting with Pinus radiata took place between 1924 and 1928 on the Pinedale Block. Milling began in 1940–41 and by 1951 the area had been cut out and replanted. Larger areas further south were planted in 1924 for future milling and to provide the raw material for pulp and paper manufacture. The town of Putāruru was surveyed in 1905 and on 18 December an area of 50,987 acres (206 km2), which had been acquired from the Thames Valley Land Co. by the Crown and included town allotments in Putāruru and Lichfield, was opened by ballot.
The history of the local timber industry is preserved in the New Zealand Timber Museum.
Much of the land in the Putāruru district suffered from a cobalt deficiency, which made farming practically impossible, but since 1935 measures have been taken to restore fertility, and farming has expanded. Putāruru was created a town district in 1926, and on 1 July 1947 it was constituted a borough.
The Putāruru area has two marae, affiliated with the hapū of Ngāti Raukawa:
In October 2020, the Government committed $1,259,392 from the Provincial Growth Fund to upgrade Mangakāretu Marae, Whakaaratamaiti Marae and 6 other Ngāti Raukawa marae, creating 18 jobs.[11]
One of Putaruru’s most prominent features is it historical skate-bowl park. It was built in the 1980s, as one of the first skate parks in the country, and was recently chosen for a major refurbishment project. This community-led project is set to receive $550,000 from the South Waikato District Council in order to facilitate its upgrade. Intended upgrades include additional skating features, court area, and seating area. [12]
Putāruru covers 6.81 km2 (2.63 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 4,600 as of June 2023,[2] with a population density of 675 people per km2.
Putāraru had a population of 4,314 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 369 people (9.4%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 384 people (9.8%) since the 2006 census. There were 1,626 households, comprising 2,088 males and 2,229 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.94 males per female. The median age was 44.0 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 888 people (20.6%) aged under 15 years, 684 (15.9%) aged 15 to 29, 1,740 (40.3%) aged 30 to 64, and 1,005 (23.3%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 73.8% European/Pākehā, 34.8% Māori, 3.3% Pacific peoples, 4.6% Asian, and 1.4% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 13.0, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 48.5% had no religion, 36.2% were Christian, 3.6% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.7% were Hindu, 0.5% were Muslim, 0.6% were Buddhist and 1.5% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 297 (8.7%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 1,041 (30.4%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $23,600, compared with $31,800 nationally. 309 people (9.0%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,371 (40.0%) people were employed full-time, 450 (13.1%) were part-time, and 201 (5.9%) were unemployed.[13]
Putāruru Rural statistical area, which includes Arapuni, Waotu and Lichfield, covers 555.80 km2 (214.60 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 2,650 as of June 2023,[14] with a population density of 4.8 people per km2.
Putāruru Rural had a population of 2,373 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 150 people (6.7%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 135 people (6.0%) since the 2006 census. There were 840 households, comprising 1,173 males and 1,200 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.98 males per female. The median age was 35.7 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 552 people (23.3%) aged under 15 years, 456 (19.2%) aged 15 to 29, 1,092 (46.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 273 (11.5%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 87.6% European/Pākehā, 18.7% Māori, 2.1% Pacific peoples, 2.7% Asian, and 3.2% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 13.5, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 53.0% had no religion, 35.4% were Christian, 0.6% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.4% were Hindu, 0.3% were Buddhist and 1.3% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 243 (13.3%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 378 (20.8%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $38,300, compared with $31,800 nationally. 312 people (17.1%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 984 (54.0%) people were employed full-time, 333 (18.3%) were part-time, and 45 (2.5%) were unemployed.[15]
Putāruru's economy is based on farming, forestry and timber production.[5]
The nearby Blue Spring is the current source of about 70% of New Zealand's bottled water.[16] Much of the town's water comes from the spring, which is on the Waihou River to the north east.[17]
Construction of the Rotorua Branch line was started by the New Zealand Thames Valley Land Company (NZTVLC). The line reached Oxford (Tīrau) on 8 March 1886 and Putāruru and Lichfield, 8.22 km (5.11 mi) further south-east, on Monday 21 June 1886.[18]
The New Zealand Railways Department (NZR) took over the line on 1 April 1886.[19]
The 11.8 km (7.3 mi) Putāruru-Ngātira section of the line to Rotorua was built by contractor Daniel Fallon, and work was underway by April 1887.[20][21]
The branch opened on 8 December 1894.[22] Putāruru was then served by the Rotorua Express.
In the early 1900s the Taupo Totara Timber Company (TTT) acquired bush blocks north and north-west of Lake Taupō and erected a sawmill at Mokai. The company built a 51 miles (82 km) railway between Mokai and Putāruru, where it connected with the NZ Government Railway. The TTT railway opened in 1905[23] as a private carrier, carrying TTT staff and their families, guests,[24] [25] [26][27] freight, and mail[28][29] between Putāruru and Mokai.
From January 29, 1908, the TTT Railway opened its freight and passenger[30] services to the public.
The NZ Government purchased a 19 miles (31 km) section of the TTT Railway,[31] from Putāruru to the "19-Mile Peg", near the present-day location of the Kinleith Paper Mill south of Tokoroa.[32] From Tuesday, 10 June 1947, the NZ Government took over the operation of this part of the TTT line.[33]
This section of railway was reconstructed under a NZ Government scheme for development of the Waikato River basin and surrounding areas.[34][35] The project was completed on 6 October 1952.
Putāruru railway station was near the junction of Arapuni and Princes Streets,[36] 0.61 km (0.38 mi) north of the junction of the Kinleith Branch with the former Rotorua Branch.
In August 1886 the station had a 14 ft (4.3 m) by 8 ft (2.4 m) shelter shed, three cottages, a 30 ft (9.1 m) by 40 ft (12 m) goods shed and an incomplete station master's house.[37]
Putāruru was still a flag station[38] in 1890, when the daily train took about 3 hours to cover the 88.03 km (54.70 mi) between Putāruru and Frankton (Hamilton).[39]
About the time of the Rotorua Branch's completion, the station was rebuilt and extended to about 64 ft (20 m) long.[37] It had a refreshment room[40][41] and a bookstall[42] and, from 1907, the railway yard had a 50 ft (15 m)[43] turntable[44] and handled much livestock,[45] as well as timber. The refreshment room, run by the hotel until 1919, burnt down in 1925 and was replaced by a room to the south of the main building, which closed in 1968.[37]
Putāruru railway station closed to passengers on 12 November 1968 and freight on 10 December 2002,[18] though it was served by the Geyserland Express from 1991 to 2001.[46] The station was demolished during March and April 2013.[37] Only a signals equipment shelter[37][47] and a passing loop now remain on the station site.[48]
Taumangi (or Taumanga) was a flag station[50] 3.7 km (2.3 mi) north of Putāruru and 5.79 km (3.60 mi) south of Tīrau. It was just south of Taumangi Road.[51] In 1923 Taumangi Road was diverted north,[52] when a bridge replaced the former level crossing.[53]
Taumangi opened on the same day as Putāruru, 8 March 1886.[18] By August 1886 there was a 14 ft (4.3 m) by 8 ft (2.4 m) shelter shed and two cottages and by 1896 there was also a platform and cart approach. In 1925 it was noted that inwards traffic was of timber, shingle, gravel, coal, 13 loads of manure, a wagon of lime, hardware and small goods. The public siding closed on 8 September 1941, as it was in a poor condition, but the station remained open for passengers until 22 November 1948, and for parcels, and roadside traffic until 30 July 1951.[54] There is now only a single line through the station site.[55]
Putāruru Primary School is a state primary school on the main street, established in 1901,[56][57] with a roll of 177.[58]
Putāruru College is a state secondary school at the northern entrance of the town, by the Oraka River,[59] with a roll of 416.[60]
Te Wharekura o Te Kaokaoroa o Pātetere is a Māori medium composite school,[61] with a roll of 313.[62]
St Mary's Catholic School is a state-integrated primary school,[63] with a roll of 158.[64]
All these schools are co-educational. Rolls are as of February 2024.[65]
{{cite book}}
|last2=
Imperialisme bahasa atau imperialisme linguistik didefinisikan sebagai pemindahan bahasa yang paling berpengaruh kepada bangsa lain. Pemindahan bahasa ini dianggap sebagai bukti kekuasaan, tidak hanya melalui kekuatan militer, tetapi juga kekuatan ekonomi. Aspek-aspek budaya yang paling berpengaruh biasanya turut dipindahkan bersama dengan bahasa itu.[1][2] Sejak awal 1990-an, imperialisme bahasa telah menarik perhatian dalam kalangan ahli linguistik terapan. Khususnya, buku kelu…
المكتبة الوطنية الصومالية Maktabada Qaranka Soomaaliyeed المكتبة الوطنية الصومالية في 2013 البلد الصومال تاريخ التأسيس 1975[1][2] الموقع الرسمي الموقع الرسمي الإحداثيات 2°02′12″N 45°20′19″E / 2.0367711584309°N 45.338551201845°E / 2.0367711584309; 45.338551201845 تعديل مصدري - تعديل المكتب
Содержание 1 Города, непосредственно входящие в состав области 1.1 Екатеринбург (муниципальное образование «город Екатеринбург») 1.2 Алапаевск (муниципальное образование город Алапаевск) 1.3 Асбест 1.4 Берёзовский (Берёзовский городской округ) 1.5 Верхняя Пышма 1.6 Заречный (гор
В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с фамилией Росс. Необходимо проверить качество перевода, исправить содержательные и стилистические ошибки. Вы можете помочь улучшить эту статью (см. также рекомендации по переводу).Оригинал на английском языке — Art Ross. Арт Росс Позици…
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (نوفمبر 2019) باربرا كارل معلومات شخصية الميلاد سنة 1958 (العمر 64–65 سنة) بيشاور مواطنة الولايات المتحدة الحياة العملية المهنة شاعرة، وكاتِبة تعديل مص
Bettingerode Stadt Bad Harzburg Wappen von Bettingerode Koordinaten: 51° 55′ N, 10° 34′ O51.913510.573227Koordinaten: 51° 54′ 49″ N, 10° 34′ 23″ O Höhe: 227 (175–227) m ü. NHN Fläche: 6,62 km²[1] Einwohner: 408 (31. Dez. 2022)[2] Bevölkerungsdichte: 62 Einwohner/km² Eingemeindung: 1. Juli 1972 Postleitzahl: 38667 Vorwahl: 05322 Karte Lage von Bettingerode in Bad Harzb…
كوم القناطر - قرية مصرية - تقسيم إداري البلد مصر المحافظة محافظة البحيرة المركز أبو حمص المسؤولون السكان التعداد السكاني 21376 نسمة (إحصاء 2006) معلومات أخرى التوقيت ت ع م+02:00 تعديل مصدري - تعديل قرية كوم القناطر هي إحدى القرى التابعة لمركز أبو حمص في محافظة ا…
Logo van het Europees Olympisch Jeugdzomerfestival 2013 Het Europees Olympisch Jeugdzomerfestival 2013 vond plaats van 14 tot 19 juli 2013 in Utrecht, Nederland. Het was de twaalfde editie van dit tweejaarlijkse multisportevenement voor jonge atleten uit Europa. Het festival is op 14 juli geopend met een openingsceremonie; de laatste wedstrijden en de sluitingsceremonie werden gehouden op 19 juli. Externe links EJOF 2013 op de website van NOC*NSF Beuving, Jan, Het Europees Jeugd Olympisch Fe…
United States historic placeUnion Pacific Railroad ComplexU.S. National Register of Historic PlacesU.S. Historic district Part of the roundhouseShow map of WyomingShow map of the United StatesLocationMain and 15th Sts., Evanston, WyomingCoordinates41°16′16″N 110°58′9″W / 41.27111°N 110.96917°W / 41.27111; -110.96917Area15 acres (6.1 ha)Built1885ArchitectUnion PacificNRHP reference No.85000685[1]Added to NRHPFebruary 26, 1985 The Union Pa…
إدمان الأفيون اضطراب تعاطي المواد الأفيونية معلومات عامة الاختصاص طب نفسي من أنواع إدمان، وتعاطي المخدرات، وإدمان، ومرض الإدارة أدوية بيوبرينورفين تعديل مصدري - تعديل اضطراب تعاطي المواد الأفيونية هي حالة طبية تتميز بنمط إشكالي من أشباه الأفيون الت…
Public rescue of a fugitive slave in Syracuse, New York Part of a series onSlavery Contemporary Child labour Child soldiers Conscription Debt Forced marriage Bride buying Child marriage Wife selling Forced prostitution Human trafficking Peonage Penal labour Contemporary Africa 21st-century jihadism Sexual slavery Wage slavery Historical Antiquity Egypt Babylonia Greece Rome Medieval Europe Ancillae Balkan slave trade Byzantine Empire Kholop Serfs History In Russia Emancipation Thrall Muslim worl…
Romanian-American horror film series Subspecies2007 box set cover artDirected byTed NicolaouWritten byJackson BarrDavid PabianTed NicolaouProduced byIon IonescuVlad PanescuOana PanescuStarringsee belowEdited byBert GlatsteinWilliam YoungGregory SandersMusic byStuart BrotmanRichard KosinskiWilliam LevineMichael PortisJohn ZeretzkeProductioncompanyFull Moon PicturesDistributed byFull Moon Features (USA)Castel Film Studios (Romania)Release date1991–1998Running time421 minutes (5 films)CountryUnit…
Stadtbild Taichung Die Liste der höchsten Gebäude in Kaohsiung listet alle Gebäude in Taichung, eine Millionenstadt an der Westküste in der Mitte Taiwans, nach Höhe. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Beschreibung 2 Liste 3 Siehe auch 4 Einzelnachweise Beschreibung Taichung ist ein zentrales taiwanesisches Finanzzentrum mit insgesamt 21 Wolkenkratzern (Gebäude über 150 Meter Höhe). Das erste Gebäude in Taichung mit einer Höhe von mehr als 150 Metern ist der Long-Bang Trade Building, der 1993 fertigg…
VauqueliniteGeneralCategoryPhosphate mineralFormula(repeating unit)CuPb2(CrO4)(PO4)(OH)IMA symbolVql[1]Strunz classification7.FC.05Crystal systemMonoclinicCrystal classPrismatic (2/m) (same H-M symbol)Space groupP21/nUnit cella = 13.754(5) Å, b = 5.806(6) Å c = 9.563(3) Å; β = 94.55°; Z = 4IdentificationColorOlive-green, apple-green, brown to nearly blackCrystal habitIrregular wedge shaped crystals, mammillary, reniform massesTwinningPresent on {102}Cleavage…
Tabletop role-playing game adventure The Arasaka Brainworm is an adventure published by Atlas Games in 1991 for the dystopian science fiction role-playing game Cyberpunk 2020. Publication history The Arasaka Brainworm was the first in a series of adventures that Atlas Games published under license for R. Talsorian Games's role-playing game Cyberpunk 2020. John Nephew, the founder of Atlas Games, later stated that these adventures had better sales than most d20 System books years later at the pea…
1998 single by Boyz II Men I Will Get ThereSingle by Boyz II Menfrom the album The Prince of Egypt ReleasedDecember 29, 1998Recorded1998GenreR&BgospelLength4:23LabelDreamWorks, MotownSongwriter(s)Diane WarrenProducer(s)Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Boyz II MenBoyz II Men singles chronology Can't Let Her Go (1998) I Will Get There (1998) Pass You By (1999) I Will Get There is a single recorded by Boyz II Men in 1998 for the soundtrack of the DreamWorks animated film The Prince of Egypt. The trac…
NCSTNAvailable structuresPDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes4UPC, 5A63, 4UIS, 5FN3, 5FN4, 5FN5, 5FN2, 2N7R, 2N7QIdentifiersAliasesNCSTN, ATAG1874, nicastrinExternal IDsOMIM: 605254 MGI: 1891700 HomoloGene: 41029 GeneCards: NCSTN Gene location (Human)Chr.Chromosome 1 (human)[1]Band1q23.2Start160,343,316 bp[1]End160,358,952 bp[1]Gene location (Mouse)Chr.Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2]Band1 H3|1 79.54 cMStart171,893,580 bp[2]End171,910,362 bp[…
American actor (born 1951) Michael KeatonKeaton in 2014BornMichael John Douglas (1951-09-05) September 5, 1951 (age 72)Kennedy Township, Pennsylvania, U.S.Alma materKent State UniversityOccupationActorYears active1975–presentSpouse Caroline McWilliams (m. 1982; div. 1990)PartnerCourteney Cox (1990–1995)ChildrenSean DouglasAwardsFull list Michael John Douglas (born September 5, 1951), known professionally as Michael Keaton, is…
Antoine BauméAntoine BauméLahir(1728-02-26)26 Februari 1728Senlis, Oise, PrancisMeninggal15 Oktober 1804(1804-10-15) (umur 76)Paris, PrancisKebangsaanPrancisDikenal atasSkala BauméAntoine Baumé (26 Februari 1728 – 15 Oktober 1804) adalah seorang kimiawan Prancis. Ia lahir di Senlis. Ia belajar pada kimiawan Claude Joseph Geoffroy dan pada tahun 1752 diterima sebagai anggota École de Pharmacie. Pada tahun yang sama, ia ditunjuk menjadi profesor kimia di sana. Uang yang i…
1995 American filmJeffreyOriginal theatrical posterDirected byChristopher AshleyScreenplay byPaul RudnickBased onJeffreyby Paul RudnickProduced byMark BalsamVictoria MaxwellMitchell MaxwellPaul RudnickStarring Steven Weber Patrick Stewart Michael T. Weiss Bryan Batt Sigourney Weaver CinematographyJeffrey J. TufanoEdited byCara SilvermanMusic byStephen EndelmanDistributed byOrion ClassicsRelease dateAugust 18, 1995Running time92 minutesCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishBox office$3.5 million[…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 18.117.78.255