Pucará de Turi

Pucará de Turi
Map
TypeMonumento histórico

The Pucará de Turi an archaeological site in the locality of Turi, which is part of Calama, in the Antofagasta Region, Chile.[1][2][3] It is located 47 km northeast of the town of San Francisco de Chiu Chiu.

It is listed as a National Monument of Chile since 1983.[2][4]

History

A view of the Pucará de Turi.

This pukara — Quechuan word meaning fortress or fortified hill—[3] is a Pre-Columbian stone construction located in the area of Turi. The fortified hamlet is located at an elevation of 3,100 m above sea level and occupies a surface area of approximately 4 ha.[2] It is the largest architectural complex built by the Atacama people.[2]

The construction dates back to c. 1250; while in the early 15th century, the Inca Topa Inca Yupanqui conquered the territory of the Atacama people, and approximately AD 1470, the citadel-like structure underwent a series of alterations by the addition of Incan structures,[5][6] including a Kallanka, a 26 metres (85 ft) long building covered with a gable roof.[7] The area included houses with rectangular plan measuring 4 m by 5 m.[8] The complex features about 620 enclosed areas of various sizes and shapes.[2]

References

  1. ^ Gallardo, F.; Vilches, F. (1995). Nota acerca de los estilos de arte rupestre en el Pucara de Turi (norte de Chile). Boletín de la Sociedad Chilena de Arqueología. pp. 26–28.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Pucará de Turi". Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
  3. ^ a b Imbelloni, José (1926). "Elementos lingüísticos de Oceanía en el Quechua". In Palavecino, E. (ed.). Palavecino (PDF). Buenos Aires: La Esfinge indiana, El Ateneo. pp. 335–349. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
  4. ^ "DS 36 MH Expresiones Urbanas Arquitectónicas de la región de Antofagasta". Santiago de Chile: Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales. 2 March 2009. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
  5. ^ Cruz, Nicolás; Vega, Alejandra; Aldunate del Solar, Carlos; Cereceda T., Pilar; Errázuriz K., Ana María (2005). Historia de Chile ilustrada. Zig-Zag. ISBN 978-956-121-696-9.
  6. ^ Berenguer Rodríguez, José (1997). Chile antes de Chile: Prehistoria. Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino. p. 95.
  7. ^ Orellana Rodríguez, Mario (1994). Prehistoria y etnología de Chile. Ravo y Allende Editores. p. 240. ISBN 978-956-700-323-5.
  8. ^ "Pukara de Turi". protagonistasdelacultura.cl. Retrieved 10 November 2013.

22°14′03″S 68°16′37″W / 22.23417°S 68.27694°W / -22.23417; -68.27694