Protepicyon is an extinct monospecific genus of the Borophaginae subfamily of canids native to North America. It lived during the Barstovian stage of the Middle Miocene 16.0—13.6 mya.[1] One of the top predators of its time, it was the probable ancestor of the better known Epicyon, and is known from remains in California and New Mexico.[2]
Flynn, J.J., 1998. Early Cenozoic Carnivora ("Miacoidea"). pages 648–651 in C.M. Janis, K.M. Scott, and L.L. Jacobs (eds.) Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America. Volume 1: Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulatelike Mammals. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. ISBN0-521-35519-2
The Biology and Conservation of Wild Canids by David W. Macdonald, and Claudio Sillero-Zubiri; published Published 2004 (Oxford University Press). Page 40, ISBN0-19-851555-3