Protectorate of South Arabia

Protectorate of South Arabia
محمية الجنوب العربي
1963–1967
Flag of South Arabia
Flag
Map of the Protectorate of South Arabia
Map of the Protectorate of South Arabia
StatusBritish Protectorate
Common languagesArabic
Historical eraCold War
• Established
18 January 1963
• Disestablished
30 November 1967
CurrencyEast African shilling, then South Arabian dinar (1965-67)
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Aden Protectorate
South Yemen

The Protectorate of South Arabia (Arabic: محمية الجنوب العربي) consisted of various states located at the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula under treaties of protection with Britain. The area of the former protectorate became part of South Yemen after the Aden Emergency and is now part of the Republic of Yemen.

History

Map of the southern Arabian peninsula in 1965

The Protectorate of South Arabia was designated on 18 January 1963 as consisting of those areas of the Aden Protectorate that did not join the Federation of South Arabia, and it broadly, but not exactly, corresponded to the division of the Aden Protectorate which was called the Eastern Aden Protectorate.

The protectorate included the Hadhrami states of Kathiri, Mahra, and Qu'aiti except the three Wahidi Sultanates in the Eastern Aden Protectorate, with Upper Yafa in the Western Aden Protectorate. The Protectorate of South Arabia was dissolved on 30 November 1967 and its constituent states quickly collapsed, leading to the abolition of their monarchies. The territory was absorbed into the newly independent People's Republic of South Yemen, which became part of the Republic of Yemen in 1990.

States

Flag Name Established Joined Notes
Mahra Sultanate 15th century 1886 easternmost state, bordering to Oman
Kathiri Sultanate 14th century 1888 northernmost state, bordering to Saudi Arabia
Qu'aiti Sultanate 1858 1888 central state
Upper Yafa circa 1800 1903 Exclave, consisted of five Sheikhdoms: Al-Busi, Al-Dhubi, Al-Hadrami, Al-Muflihi, and Al-Mausata
Sheikhdom of al-Hawra 19th century 1890
Sheikhdom of al-`Irqa 19th century 1890 City-state

Former states of the British Aden Protectorate were united in the 1960s to form the People's Republic of South Yemen, which became independent on 30 November 1967. South Yemen later merged with North Yemen to form the modern state of Yemen in 1990.[1][2]

List of rulers

State Ruler Deposed House Reign Ref(s)
Kathiri Husayn ibn Ali 2 October 1967 Al Kathiri Last reigning Sultan (1949–1967) [2]
Mahra Abdullah ibn Ashur 16 October 1967 Al Mahri Last reigning Sultan (1966–1967) [2]
Qu'aiti Ghalib II 17 September 1967 Al Qu'aiti Last reigning Sultan (1966–1967) [3][4]
Upper Yafa Muhammad ibn Salih 29 November 1967 Harharah[5] Last reigning Sultan (1948–1967) [2]

See also

References

  1. ^ Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh (1980). Burke's Royal Families of the World: Africa and the Middle East. London: Burke's Peerage. p. 320. ISBN 978-0-85011-029-6.
  2. ^ a b c d Cahoon, Ben. "States of the Aden Protectorates". World Statesmen.org. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
  3. ^ Soszynski, Henry. "Shihr and Mukalla". Genealogical Gleanings. University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 7 August 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
  4. ^ Kaaki, Lisa (4 May 2011). "The holy cities". Arab News. Saudi Research & Publishing Company. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 28 May 2011.
  5. ^ A Collection of First World War Military Handbooks of Arabia, 1913–1917. Vol. 3. Archive Editions. 1988. pp. 84–93. ISBN 978-1-85207-086-1.