Prithvi Singh Azad

Prithvi Singh Azad
Pruthvisinh Azad's bust at Bhavnagar
Born(1892-09-15)15 September 1892
Village Lalru, Patiala district, Punjab, India
Died5 March 1989(1989-03-05) (aged 96)
India
OccupationIndian independence activist
Years active1907–1989
Known forIndian independence movement
Lahore Conspiracy Trial
PartnerPrabhavati Devi
Children1
AwardsPadma Bhushan

Prithvi Singh Azad (1892–1989) was an Indian independence activist, socialist revolutionary[1] and one of the founder members of Ghadar Party.[citation needed] He suffered incarceration several times during the pre-independence period, including a term in the Cellular Jail. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1977, for his contributions to society.[2]

Early and personal life

Prithvi Singh Azad was born on 15 September 1892 at Lalru, a small town in Mohali district of the North Indian state of Punjab.[citation needed] He did a lot of work for the upliftment of Dalits. While still in his teens, he was married to Prabhavati Devi, a lady of his own community and similar social background, in a match arranged by their parents in the usual Indian way. The marriage was entirely harmonious in the traditional Indian mould and it lasted all their lives, through the tribulations of the freedom struggle, imprisonment and relative poverty. The couple had children, including a son, Ajit Singh Bhati, and a daughter, Dr. Pragya Kumar, who retired as chief medical officer at Panjab University, Chandigarh.[3]

According to the historian Ramachandra Guha, who makes the assertion in his book "Rebels against the Raj," Mirabehn, daughter of a British admiral and one of Mahatma Gandhi's closest disciples, was enamoured of Prithvi Singh Azad and infatuated with him for many years; she even wrote him a number of letters expressing her feelings. However, she received absolutely no reciprocation from Azad, and finally she moved away. Guha refers to a number of respectable sources to make these assertions.

Biography

Singh was attracted to the nationalist movement while he was still in his teens, and is reported to have been influenced by the arrest of Lokmanya Tilak and Khudi Ram Bose by the British government in 1907–08. He visited the United States in 1912, where he met Lala Har Dayal, one of the founders of later-day Ghadar Party, a militant organization formed by Indians in North America for the liberation of India. He also assisted in the establishment of Hindustan Ghadar, the mouthpiece of the party. Returning to India along with around 150 freedom fighters, he was captured by the British on 7 December 1914, tried, sentenced to 10 years imprisonment and spent time in various jails, including Calcutta, Madras and the Cellular Jail.[4] After the initial futile attempt, he escaped by jumping out of a running train while he was being transferred from one jail to another. Later, he became an associate of Chandra Shekhar Azad and reportedly received a Mauser pistol from him.[citation needed] It was reported that Azad was with Chandra Shekhar Azad just before the British forces surrounded him at Alfred Park on 27 February 1931, but the latter asked Prithvi Singh to escape while deciding to continue his battle with the forces;[5] alternatively another contention was that the two Azads met at Alfred Park a few days before the death of Chandra Shekhar.[6]

the plaque at Pruthvisinh Azad's bust at Bhavnagar

It was Chandra Shekhar who advised Azad to visit Russia for further training; it was reported that the idea to send Azad to Russia in fact came from Bhagat Singh, another martyred revolutionary and Chandra Sekhar was conveying Bhagat Singh's request.[6] He visited Russia to spend a few months there[citation needed] and his experiences in Russia were later published as a book, Lenin ke Desham Me, which was subsequently translated into English by Vijay Chauhan under the title, Prithvi Singh Azad In Lenin's land.[7] On his return to India, he met several mainstream freedom fighters, including Mohandas Gandhi and joined the nationalist movement led by Gandhi.[citation needed] Between 1933 and the Indian independence in 1947, he was arrested several times, including for the Lahore Conspiracy Case, in which he was sentenced to death; the sentence was later commuted to life imprisonment in the Cellular Jail.[8] After the Indian independence, he successfully contested the elections to the first Constituent Assembly of India from Punjab and was its member since the assembly met for the first time at Constitution Club Hall, New Delhi on 9 December 1946.[9] After India gained independence, he was selected as the Minister for Labor and Local Self-government, when Bhim Sen Sachar took over as the second Chief Minister of Punjab in 1949.[10] The Government of India honored him with the civilian honor of Padma Bhushan in 1977.[2] Azad was a track and field athlete later in his life, winning 4 gold medals in the M95 category at the 1987 World Masters Athletics Championships.[11]

Azad died on 5 March 1989, at the age of 96.[citation needed] The story of his life has been documented in two autobiographies; Kranti Path ka Pathik (A Traveler in the Revolutionary Path), was published in 1990 by Haryana Sahitya Akademi[12] while Baba Prithvi Singh Azad, the Legendary Crusader was published by Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan three years earlier in 1987.[13] A set of documents related his life has been preserved in Nehru Memorial Museum and Library, New Delhi as Baba Prithvi Singh Azad Papers.[14][15] A local Hospital in Lalru, his native place, is being considered for renaming as Baba Prithvi Singh Azad Memorial Hospital.[16]

See also

References

  1. ^ Vijay Prashad (5 June 2012). Uncle Swami: South Asians in America Today. New Press. pp. 38–. ISBN 978-1-59558-801-2.
  2. ^ a b "Padma Awards" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2016.
  3. ^ "Prithvi Singh Azad's daughter donates land". The Tribune. 17 March 2005. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  4. ^ "Ghadari Babas in Kalapani Jail" (PDF). Punjab State Education Board. 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  5. ^ "Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad". Punjab Junta. 27 February 2015. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  6. ^ a b Chinmohan Sehanavis (October 2007). "Impact of Lenin on Bhagat Singh's Life". Mainstream. XLV (42).
  7. ^ Prithvi Singh Azad (1980). In Lenin's land. SOAS University of London. p. 144.
  8. ^ Vasant Teraiya (3 March 2016). "Padmabhushan Baba Prithvi Singh Azad The Legendary Crusader". YouTube. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  9. ^ "Constituent Assembly of India". Parliament of India. 9 December 1946. Archived from the original on 6 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  10. ^ Subhash Chander Arora (1990). Turmoil in Punjab Politics. Mittal Publications. pp. 26–. ISBN 978-81-7099-251-6.
  11. ^ "Rain, Wind and Cold Fail to Dampen Spirit of VII World Veterans Games" (PDF).
  12. ^ Prithvi Singh Azad (1990). Kranti Path ka Pathik. Haryana Sahitya Akademi. p. 420.
  13. ^ Prithvi Singh Azad (1987). Baba Prithvi Singh Azad, the Legendary Crusader: An Autobiography. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
  14. ^ Sudhir Kakar (2005). Gandhi Cintaku. Qanita. pp. 356–. ISBN 978-979-3269-39-9.
  15. ^ Sudhir Kakar (2008). The Seeker: A Novel. Shambhala Publications. pp. 260–. ISBN 978-1-59030-525-6.
  16. ^ "Name Lalru CHC after freedom fighter: Residents". The Tribune. 12 September 2013. Retrieved 19 July 2016.

Further reading

Read other articles:

José Manuel Pinto

José Manuel Pinto Pinto latihan bersama BarcelonaInformasi pribadiNama lengkap José Manuel Pinto ColoradoTanggal lahir 8 November 1975 (umur 48)Tempat lahir El Puerto de Santa María, SpanyolTinggi 185 m (606 ft 11 in)Posisi bermain Penjaga gawangKarier junior1992–1994 Safa San LuisKarier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)1994–1998 Betis B 82 (0)1998 Betis 1 (0)1998–2008 Celta 181 (0)2008 → Barcelona (pinjaman) 3 (0)2008–2014 Barcelona 31 (0)Total 298 (0) * Penampi...

 

BM-14

BM-14 BM-14 (BM untuk Boyevaya Mashina, 'kendaraan tempur'), adalah peluncur roket multiple 140mm buatan Soviet, diterjunkan oleh Uni Soviet. BM-14 bisa menembakkan roket dilengkapi dengan kimia (MS-14), asap (M-14D) atau hulu ledak fragmentasi ledak tinggi (M-14-OF). Hal ini mirip dengan BM-13 Katyusha dan sebagian digantikan dalam pelayanan oleh 122 mm Grad BM-21. Roket ini memiliki jarak sekitar 9,8 km dan dapat membawa hulu ledak dari 8 kg. Peluncur dibangun pada 16 dan 17 varia...

 

Alice Amafo

Alice Amafo Adalah Seorang Politikus Dari Negara Suriname Dan Juga Memiliki Jabatan Sebagai Menteri Di Negara Suriname Alice Hortencia Amafo (Paramaribo, 4 Februari 1977) adalah seorang politikus Suriname yang juga pernah menjabat sebagai menteri. Ketika ia diangkat sebagai menteri, usianya baru 28 tahun, sehingga ia menjadi menteri termuda dalam kabinet Suriname. Pada 1996 ia memperoleh ijazah persiapan studi ilmiah (VWO) dan setelah itu ia melanjutkan studinya dalam bidang administrasi niag...

Irtysh (rocket)

Russian rocket, in development IrtyshSoyuz-5 (on the right)FunctionOrbital Launch VehicleManufacturerJSC SRC Progress RKK EnergiaCountry of originRussiaProject cost61.2 ₽ billionSizeHeight61.9 m (203 ft) (uncrewed)65.9 m (216 ft) (crewed)Diameter4.1 m (13 ft)Mass530,000 kg (1,170,000 lb)Stages3Capacity Payload to LEOMass18,000 kg (uncrewed)15,500 kg (crewed)Payload to GTOMass5,000 kg (11,000 lb) Associated rocke...

 

Lucas Villela

Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori brasiliani è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Lucas Villela Nazionalità  Brasile Altezza 171 cm Peso 70 kg Calcio Ruolo Centrocampista Squadra  P'yownik Carriera Giovanili  Red Bull Brasil Squadre di club1 2014 Red Bull Brasil0 (0)[1]2015 Inter de Limeira0 (0)[2]2015 Figueirense0 (0)2016 Uberaba? (?)2...

 

Reichsgau Niederdonau

Administrative division of Nazi Germany in annexed Austria Reichsgau Lower DanubeReichsgau of Nazi Germany1938–1945 Flag Coat of arms Map of Nazi Germany showing its administrativesubdivisions (Gaue and Reichsgaue)CapitalKremsPopulation • 1939 1,698,658 GovernmentGauleiter • 1938–1945 Hugo Jury History • Anschluss 12 March 1938• German surrender 8 May 1945 Preceded by Succeeded by Lower Austria Burgenland Czechoslovakia Lower Austria Burgenla...

ソー (オー＝ド＝セーヌ県)

Sceaux 行政国 フランス地域圏 (Région) イル＝ド＝フランス地域圏県 (département) オー＝ド＝セーヌ県郡 (arrondissement) アントニー郡小郡 (canton) 小郡庁所在地INSEEコード 92071郵便番号 92330市長（任期） フィリップ・ローラン（2008年-2014年）自治体間連合 (fr) メトロポール・デュ・グラン・パリ人口動態人口 19,679人（2007年）人口密度 5466人/km2住民の呼称 Scéens地理座標 北緯48度4...

 

WYOU

CBS affiliate in Scranton, Pennsylvania WDAU-TV redirects here. For other uses of the call sign, see WDFX-TV. WYOUScranton–Wilkes-Barre, PennsylvaniaUnited StatesCityScranton, PennsylvaniaChannelsDigital: 12 (VHF)Virtual: 22BrandingWYOU 22; Eyewitness NewsProgrammingAffiliations22.1: CBSfor others, see § SubchannelsOwnershipOwnerMission Broadcasting, Inc.OperatorNexstar Media Group (via SSA)Sister stationsWBRE-TVHistoryFirst air dateJune 7, 1953 (70 years ago) (1953-06-0...

 

Politics of France

Political system of France For a history of how the current constitution was enacted, see French Fifth Republic. Politics of France Politique en FranceEmblem of the French RepublicPolity typeUnitary semi‑presidential constitutional republicConstitutionFifth Republic ConstitutionLegislative branchNameParliamentTypeBicameralMeeting placePalace of VersaillesUpper houseNameSenatePresiding officerGérard Larcher, President of the SenateAppointerIndirect electionLower houseNameNational AssemblyPr...

Ocean acidification

Decrease of pH levels in the ocean Ocean acidification means that the average seawater pH value is dropping over time.[1] Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's ocean. Over the past 200 years, the rapid increase in anthropogenic CO2 (carbon dioxide) production has led to an increase in the acidity of the Earth’s oceans. Between 1950 and 2020, the average pH of the ocean surface fell from approximately 8.15 to 8.05.[2] Carbon dioxide emissions fr...

 

Puerarin

Puerarin Names IUPAC name 8-(β-D-Glucopyranosyl)-4′,7-dihydroxyisoflavone Systematic IUPAC name 7-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one Other names Daidzein-8-C-glucoside7,4'-Dihydroxy-8-C-glucosylisoflavone Identifiers CAS Number 3681-99-0 Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive imageInteractive image ChEBI CHEBI:8633 Y ChEMBL ChEMBL486386 Y ChemSpider 4445119 Y ECHA InfoCard 100.130.674 KEGG C10524&#...

 

نوكيا X3-00

نوكيا X3-00معلومات عامةالنوع هاتف محمول الصانع نوكيا التوفر في السوق ديسمبر 2009 (على مستوى العالم)الوظائفالإدخال لوحة المفاتيح، لوحة التنقل، مفاتيح مخصصةالخصائصسعة التخزين 46 ميغابايت ذاكرة فلاشنظام التشغيل سيمبيان أو.اس الإصداراتنوكيا 5330نوكيا X3-02 تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعدي�...

Carlo de' Dottori

Carlo de' Dottori Carlo de' Dottori (Padova, 9 ottobre 1618 – Padova, 23 luglio 1686) è stato un letterato, drammaturgo e librettista italiano, poligrafo, fu autore di opere varie fra cui rime di tono classicheggiante e rime di tono satirico e burlesco, poemetti satirici, melodrammi, un romanzo; ricordato soprattutto per il poema eroicomico L'asino e per la tragedia Aristodemo, modellata sulle tragedie di Seneca. Indice 1 Biografia 2 Opere 3 Note 4 Bibliografia 5 Altri progetti 6 Collegame...

 

Chester-le-Street (district)

54°51′36″N 1°34′26″W / 54.860°N 1.574°W / 54.860; -1.574 Chester-le-Street DistrictShown within ceremonial County DurhamArea • 197416,243 acres (65.73 km2)[1] Population • 197348,730[1] • 199252,900[2] • 200153,692[3] History • OriginChester-le-Street urban and rural districts • Created1974 • Abolished2009 • Succeeded byC...

 

Henry Duncan (minister)

Scottish minister, banker and social reformer (1774-1846) Henry DuncanHenry Duncan from Disruption Worthies[1]Personal detailsBorn8 October 1774Lochrutton, Kirkcudbrightshire, ScotlandDied12 February 1846(1846-02-12) (aged 71)NationalityScottishOccupationminister known for founding the world's first commercial savings bank Henry Duncan by Hill & Adamson Rev. William Wallace Duncan, Rev. Dr George John Craig Duncan (Henry's son and biographer) and Rev. Henry Duncan Annan Presb...

Christopher Coppola

Christopher R. Coppola Christopher R. Coppola (25 gennaio 1962) è un regista e produttore cinematografico statunitense. Indice 1 Biografia 2 Filmografia parziale 2.1 Regista 2.2 Produttore 3 Altri progetti 4 Collegamenti esterni Biografia Nato nella contea di Los Angeles (California), è figlio dell'accademico e autore August Coppola e della danzatrice e coreografa Joy Vogelsang. Suoi fratelli sono il DJ e attore Marc Coppola e l'attore e produttore Nicolas Cage. Dalla parte del padre è qui...

 

Mai 68

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Mai 68 (homonymie). Pour l'article sur le mois, voir Mai 1968. Mai 68 « Il est interdit d'interdire ! »(slogan emblématique de l'époque). Données clés Autre nom Évènements de mai-juin 1968 Date mai-juin 1968 Lieu France Résultat Accords de Grenelle, dissolution de l'Assemblée nationale, référendum sur la réforme du Sénat et la régionalisation. Chronologie 22 mars 1968 début du Mouvement du 22 Mars 3 mai 1968 début de l'occupat...

 

Irritability

Tendency of organisms in response to environmental change Irritable redirects here. For the state of inflammation, see Irritation. For broader coverage of irritability in humans, see Frustration. Medical conditionIrritabilitySpecialtyPsychiatry Irritability is the excitatory ability that living organisms have to respond to changes in their environment. The term is used for both the physiological reaction to stimuli and for the pathological, abnormal or excessive sensitivity to stimuli.[1&...

Liu Lingling

Dalam nama Tionghoa ini, nama keluarganya adalah Liu. Liu Lingling— Pesenam —Informasi pribadiLahir8 November 1994 (umur 29)Fuzhou, TiongkokTempat tinggalBeijing, TiongkokTinggi165 cmDisiplinSenam trampolinTahun masuk tim nasional2009–kiniKlubProvinsi Fujian Rekam medali Senam trampolin putri Mewakili  Tiongkok Permainan Olimpiade 2020 Tokyo Tunggal Kejuaraan Dunia 2014 Florida Tunggal 2014 Florida Indah 2015 Odense Tim 2017 Sofia Tim 2015 Odense Tunggal Pesta Olahra...

 

Império Bizantino

Império BizantinoImpério Romano do OrienteΒασιλεία Ῥωμαίων • Vasilía RoméonImperium RomanumImpério ← 395 — 1453  → Bandeira da dinastia paleóloga   Emblema imperial da dinastia paleóloga Bandeira da dinastia paleóloga Emblema imperial da dinastia paleóloga Império Bizantino em seu zênite sob Justiniano Coordenadas de Constantinopla   41° N 28° 58' E Continente Eurafrásia Região Bacia do Mediterrâneo Capital Constantinopla Idioma...