Powązki Cemetery
Cemetery in Warsaw, Poland
Powązki Cemetery (Polish pronunciation: [pɔˈvɔ̃skʲi] Polish : Cmentarz Powązkowski ), also known as Stare Powązki (English: Old Powązki ), is a historic necropolis located in Wola district, in the western part of Warsaw , Poland. It is the most famous cemetery in the city and one of the oldest, having been established in 1790. It is the burial place of many illustrious individuals from Polish history. Some are interred along the "Avenue of the Distinguished" – Aleja Zasłużonych , created in 1925. It is estimated that over one million people are buried at Powązki.[ 2]
The cemetery is often confused with the newer Powązki Military Cemetery , which is located to the north-west of Powązki Cemetery.
History
Powązki Cemetery was established on 4 November 1790 on land donated by nobleman Melchior Szymanowski , and consecrated on 20 May 1792. Initially it covered an area of only about 2.5 ha. In the same year Saint Karol Boromeusz Church, designed by Dominik Merlini , was built on the northern edge of the cemetery. The catacombs were erected soon thereafter.
Several other cemeteries were founded in the area: the Jewish cemetery, and those of the Calvinist , Lutheran , Caucasian and Tatar communities. The Orthodox cemetery is also located in the vicinity.
As in many old European cemeteries, some of the tombstones in Powązki were created by renowned sculptors, both Polish and foreign. Some of the monuments are examples of the then prevailing styles in art and architecture.
On All Saints Day Zaduszki Roman Catholic cemeteries, but in the Protestant , Muslim , Jewish and Orthodox cemeteries as well. At Powązki Cemetery, many graves are lit up by Votive candles .
Notable burials
A few of the notables buried here are:
Tekla Bądarzewska-Baranowska (1834–1861), composerIzabela Barcińska née Chopin, (1811–1881), younger sister of Fryderyk Chopin
Anna Bilińska (1857–1893), painterWojciech Bogusławski (1757–1829), writer, actor, directorStefan Bryła (1886–1943), notable for first welding bridge-Maurzyce BridgeJan Gotlib Bloch (1836–1902), banker, railroad entrepreneur, philanthropist, economist, economist and social activistEmilia Chopin (1812–1827), youngest sister of Fryderyk Chopin
Ludwika Jędrzejewicz née Chopin (1807–1855), oldest sister of Fryderyk Chopin Mikołaj Chopin (1771–1844), father of Fryderyk Chopin Tekla Justyna Chopin (1782–1861), mother of Fryderyk Chopin Halina Chrostowska (1929–1990), printmaker, activist, and educatorGerard Antoni Ciołek (1909–1966), architect and historian of gardensIgnacy Dobrzyński (1807–1867), composerJerzy Duszyński (1917–1978), actorJózef Elsner (1769–1854), composer and conductor. Piano teacher of Fryderyk Chopin .Władysław Filipkowski (1892–1950), military commanderPola Gojawiczyńska (1896–1963), writerJózef Gosławski , (1908–1963), sculptor and medallic artistMarceli Godlewski (1865–1945), Righteous Among the Nations Leopold Janikowski (1855–1942), meteorologist, explorer and ethnographerStanisław Janikowski (1891–1965), Polish diplomatStefan Jaracz (1883–1945), actorJan Kiepura (1902–1966), singer and actorKrzysztof Kieślowski (1941–1996), film directorJan Kiliński (1760–1819), freedom fighterStefan Kisielewski (1911–1991), art critic and writerStanislava Klimashevskaya (1851–1939), photographer and studio ownerTomasz Knapik (1943–2021), film, radio and television readerKrzysztof Komeda (1931–1969), jazz composerAlfred Kowalski (1849–1915), painterHenryk Kuna (1885–1945), sculptorWitold Lutosławski (1913–1994), composerJózefat Ignacy Łukasiewicz (1789–1850), painter-artistMaciej Masłowski (1901–1976), art historian Stanisław Masłowski (1853–1926), painter-artistWitold Małcużyński (1914–1977), classical pianistStefan Mazurkiewicz (1888–1945), co-founder of the Warsaw school of mathematicsJerzy Mierzejewski (1917–2012), artist and pedagogueStanisław Moniuszko (1819–1872), composerJanusz Nasfeter (1920–1998) – film director and screenwriter; moved in 2018 from the Służew Old Cemetery Ola Obarska (1910–1992), singer and actressAntoni Osuchowski (1849–1928), philanthropist and national activistPiotr Pawlukiewicz (1960–2020), Roman Catholic priest, doctor of pastoral theologyLech Pijanowski (1928–1974), film-maker and game designerJerzy Pniewski (1913–1989), physicist[ 3] Bolesław Prus (1847–1912), journalist and novelistGrzegorz Przemyk (1964–1983), poet murdered by Milicja Obywatelska Kazimierz Pużak (1883–1950), died in the Communist prison , secretly buried in PowązkiHalina Regulska (1899–1994), racing driver, socialite, author, member of Polish resistance movement in World War IIWładysław Reymont (1867–1925), Nobel Prize -winning novelistEdward Rydz-Śmigły (1886–1941), politician, statesman, Marshal of Poland and Commander-in-Chief of Poland's armed forcesIreneusz Roszkowski (1910–1996), gynaecologistIrena Sendlerowa (1910–2008), head of Children's Section of the Żegota Wacław Sierpiński (1882–1969), mathematicianJadwiga Smosarska (1898–1971), actressAndrzej Sołtan (1897–1959), physicistZbigniew Ścibor-Rylski (1917–2018), military commander, participant of the Warsaw Uprising Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski (1893–1964), generalWładysław Tryliński (1878–1956), transportation engineer and inventorJerzy Waldorff (1910–1999), art critic and one of the benefactors of the CemeteryMelchior Wańkowicz (1892–1974), writerHenryk Wieniawski (1835–1870), composerKazimierz Wierzyński (1894–1969), poet and writerStanisław Wigura (1901–1932), aircraft designer and aviatorStanisław Wojciechowski (1869–1953), president of PolandAleksander Zelwerowicz (1877–1955), actor and director, patron of the Warsaw Drama AcademyFranciszek Żwirko (1895–1932), aviatorWojciech Żywny (1756–1842), first piano teacher of Fryderyk Chopin , composer.Helena Morsztynkiewiczowa (1894 –1983), architect and urban planner
Gallery
Avenue of Notables
Old Powązki
Old Powązki
Old Powązki
Old Powązki
Old Powązki
Old Powązki
See also
References
