During the Second Partition of Poland, in 1793, Polonne was annexed by Russia. During the January Uprising, on May 12, 1863, Polish insurgents led by General Edmund Różycki seized the local arsenal and rearmed, and then held trainings of the growing insurgent unit in the following days.[5] In 1879, it had a population of 6,682.[3] Following World War I, in 1919, it was regained by reborn Poland and administered as part of the Volhynian District until 1920, when it fell to the Soviets. In modern times it received city status in 1938.
The Jewish population was important in the town. During World War II, the Germans occupied the town kept the Jews imprisoned in a ghetto. They were guarded by Ukrainian policemen and had to do slave labor.[citation needed] In 1941 and 1942, hundreds of Jews are murdered in mass executions perpetrated by an Einsatzgruppe.[6]
Until 18 July 2020, Polonne was the administrative center of Polonne Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Khmelnytskyi Oblast to three. The area of Polonne Raion was merged into Shepetivka Raion.[7][8]
^ abcdefghiSłownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom VIII (in Polish). Warszawa. 1887. p. 727.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Górski, Konstanty (1902). Historya Artylerii Polskiej (in Polish). Warszawa. p. 193.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Zieliński, Stanisław (1913). Bitwy i potyczki 1863-1864. Na podstawie materyałów drukowanych i rękopiśmiennych Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu (in Polish). Rapperswil: Fundusz Wydawniczy Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu. p. 340.
