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Pliny Merrick
Pliny Merrick
Associate Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
	In office; 1853–1864
Appointed by	John H. Clifford
Preceded by	Caleb Cushing
Succeeded by	Theron Metcalf
Personal details
Born	August 2, 1794; Brookfield, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died	January 31, 1867 (aged 72); Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Political party	Anti-Masonic Party; Whig Party
Spouse	Rebecca Thomas Merrick
Parent(s)	Pliny Merrick; Ruth (Cutler) Merrick
Alma mater	Harvard Law School
Profession	Attorney; Politician

Pliny T. Merrick (August 2, 1794 – January 31, 1867) was an American attorney and politician from Massachusetts. He served as an associate justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court.

Early life

Merrick was born in Brookfield, Massachusetts, the son of Honorable Pliny Merrick and Ruth (Cutler) Merrick.^[1]^[2] He graduated from Harvard Law School in 1814, and was admitted to the Worcester bar in 1817. He began the practice of law in Worcester, before moving to Charlton, Swansea and Taunton to practice law. In June, 1824, he returned to Worcester and served as Worcester County's district attorney from 1824 to 1843. In 1826, Merrick was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society.^[3]

Judicial career

In 1844 he was Judge of the Municipal Court, and in 1843 he was named a judge of the Massachusetts Courts of Common Pleas. He resigned this appointment in 1848, and was reappointed in 1851.

From 1849 to 1850, he was senior defense counsel (co-counsel with Edward Dexter Sohier) in the trial of Harvard University Professor John White Webster, accused of murdering Harvard patron Dr. George Parkman. The prosecutors for the trial were John H. Clifford, then Massachusetts Attorney-General and the prosecutor of all capital murder cases, and George Bemis, Esq, and independent attorney. In 1853, Merrick was promoted to the bench of the Supreme Judicial Court by the same John H. Clifford, now Governor of Massachusetts. Merrick received the degree of LL.D. from Harvard in 1853. He served on the bench of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court until 1864.^[1]^[4]

He was a representative of Worcester County in both branches of the state legislature. He was an Overseer of Harvard University from 1852 to 1856. He also served for two years as president of the Worcester and Nashua Railroad. In 1855 Merrick moved to Boston and lived there until his death in 1867.^[1]^[4]

John White Webster Trial

From 1849 to 1850 Merrick was senior defense counsel in the Parkman-Webster murder case. The gruesome murder drew national attention and although Merrick lost the case, he received much notoriety for the case.

The Boston Globe reported Merrick's response, that upon the verdict, "In a moment or two, his senior counsel, Judge Merrick, to the dock, and addressed a few words to the prisoner, to which, so far as we could judge, he replied.— Judge Merrick was deeply affected, and so agitated that he could hardly stand."^[5]

Anti-Masonic Movement

Merrick was an active promoter of the Anti-Masonic Party. The party developed in the early nineteenth century, opposing political leaders who were members of secretive Masonic brotherhoods. Masonic members held political views on the role of the government and how the country should expand. The Anti-Masonic Party opposed those views as moving away from the original founding fathers intent. Merrick renounced Free Masonry in 1832.^[6] The party was the precursor to the Whig Party.^[7]

Death

Merrick died of paralysis in Boston on January 31, 1867, in his 73rd year. His obituary in the New York Times (2/4/1867) stated: "In 1864 an attack of paralysis obliged him to resign his seat on the Bench. His mind, however, had remained unclouded until a second and fatal attack..."^[8] He bequeathed a fund for the establishment of schools of high grade in Worcester.

Family life

On May 23, 1827, Merrick married Rebecca Thomas, daughter of Isaiah Thomas, Jr. of Worcester; she died June 17, 1859. They had no children.^[4]

His niece Alice Miller Rice married U.S. Congressman William W. Rice.^[9]^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c [Merrick, George B. Genealogy of the Merrick-Mirick-Myrick Family 1636 - 1902, Tracy, Gibbs & Company, Madison, Wis.1902. pg 301.]
^ Tracy, Gibbs & Company (1902). Genealogy of the Merrick-Mirick-Myrick Family of Massachusetts, 1636-1902. Tracy, Gibbs & Company. p. 301.
^ American Antiquarian Society Members Directory
^ ^a ^b ^c [ History of Worcester County, Massachusetts, Comprehensive History of the County from its First Settlement to the Present Time, C. F. Jewett and Company, Boston, 1879, Volume II, Chapter XII, pgs 633-4.]
^ [The Trial of Prof. John W. Webster Indicted for the Murder of Dr. George Parkman, Reported for the Boston Journal, Redding & Company, Boston, MA 1850, pg.55.]
^ [Merrick, Pliny T. Renunciation of Free Masonry, Worcester, MA 1871.]
^ [Holt, Michael F. "The Antimasonic and Know Nothing Parties," in History of U.S. Political Parties, ed. Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. (1999), p. 231.]
^ [Obituary, New York Times, February 4, 1867.]
^ Merrick, George B. Genealogy of the Merrick-Mirick-Myrick Family 1636-1902. Madison, WI: Tracy, Gibbs & Co.,1902, p. 283.]
^ Alice Miller Rice, privately printed commemorative pamphlet, ca. 1900.