Pier Leone Ghezzi

Self-portrait

Pier Leone Ghezzi (28 June 1674 – 6 March 1755) was an Italian Rococo painter and caricaturist active in Rome.

Biography

Ghezzi was born and died in Rome. He was the godson of Carlo Maratta.

Caricature of composer Antonio Vivaldi by Pier Leone Ghezzi

He trained under his father, Giuseppe Ghezzi, who also trained Antonio Amorosi. His father was secretary of the Roman Accademia di San Luca, and Pier Leone joined the Academy in 1705. His essay painting, the Allegory of Gratitude, was donated to the institution for his admission, as was customary. He painted for various churches such as the Cappuccini of Frascati and San Onofrio of Urbino.[1]

Monk with a Carrot and a Woman with a Chamber Pot
Caricature of Charles-Louis Clérisseau (1752), British Museum

In 1708, he was appointed painter to the Camera Apostolica by Pope Clement XI. In 1710 Francesco Farnese, Duke of Parma awarded him the cross of a knight.[2] Pier Leone is known for his frescoes in the Villa Falconieri of Frascati.

Ghezzi was a draughtsman, and theatrical designer. In 1729 he staged an impressive fireworks display in the Piazza Navona for the dauphin of France.[2] As a painter, his style changes quite much through the years, sometimes under the influence of French portraiture.

Ghezzi worked as a serious artist, but it is his caricatures for which he is most well known.[3] He was possibly the first professional caricaturist.[4]

His pen and gouache caricatures are much freer in emotion than his state portraiture, and were much admired. They often depict named individuals or professions in satirical fashion.[5] Ghezzi made an extensive and eclectic use of drawings and watercolors. Recent scientific discoveries include watercolors reproducing stones and marbles, which were in 1727 collected in a manuscript named "Studio di molte pietre", i.e. Collection of different stones, currently preserved at the Biblioteca Alessandrina of Rome.

  • Pope Clement XI (c. 1708)
    Pope Clement XI (c. 1708)
  • Annibale Albani
    Annibale Albani
  • Carlo Albani
    Carlo Albani
  • Maria Clementina Sobieska
    Maria Clementina Sobieska

References

  1. ^ Memorie intorno i letterati e gli artisti della città di Ascoli nel Piceno, by Giacinto Cantalamessa Carboni, (183), page 266.
  2. ^ a b "Pier Leone Ghezzi (1674-1755)", Royal Collection Trust
  3. ^ "Pier Leone Ghezzi", National Galleries Scotland
  4. ^ "The Marquis de Vandières, Abbé Jean-Bernard Le Blanc, Germain Soufflot, and Charles-Nicolas Cochin, the Younger", The Metropolitan Museum of Art
  5. ^ Memorie intorno i letterati e gli artisti della città di Ascoli nel Picino, by Giacinto Cantalamessa Carboni, (183), page 265.

Sources

  • Wittkower, Rudolf (1980). Art and Architecture Italy, 1600-1750. Pelican History of Art. Penguin Books. p. 495.
  • Le pietre rivelate. Lo 'Studio di molte pietre' di Pier Leone Ghezzi, manoscritto 322 della Biblioteca Universitaria Alessandrina, a cura di Paolo Coen e Giovan Battista Fidanza, Roma: Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato, 2011.
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