Phosphoprotein

Serine in an amino acid chain, before and after phosphorylation.

A phosphoprotein is a protein that is posttranslationally modified by the attachment of either a single phosphate group, or a complex molecule such as 5'-phospho-DNA, through a phosphate group. The target amino acid is most often serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues (mostly in eukaryotes), or aspartic acid or histidine residues (mostly in prokaryotes).[1]

Biological function

The phosphorylation of proteins is a major regulatory mechanism in cells.[2][3]

Clinical significance

Phosphoproteins have been proposed as biomarkers for breast cancer.[4][2]

See also

References

  1. ^ Keyword - Phosphoprotein
  2. ^ a b Phosphoproteins in extracellular vesicles as candidate markers for breast cancer
  3. ^ Cozzone AJ (1988). "Protein phosphorylation in prokaryotes". Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 42: 97–125. doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.42.100188.000525. PMID 2849375.
  4. ^ Liquid Biopsy Could Get Boost from Phosphoproteins. 2017


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