The line was built by the Baltimore and Philadelphia Railroad in Pennsylvania and as a branch of the B&O Railroad in Delaware and Maryland. The line began full operation in 1886.[5] North of Philadelphia, the B&O used the lines of the Philadelphia and Reading Railway to reach the New York City area. Passenger train service on the Philadelphia Subdivision was led by the Royal Blue, its flagship train. The B&O ceased operation of passenger trains on the subdivision in 1958, and since then the line has been used only for freight trains.
In the 1970s and 80s the line passed through leases and mergers to CSX.