Peru–United Kingdom relations

Peru-United Kingdom relations
Map indicating locations of Peru and United Kingdom

Peru
United Kingdom
Diplomatic mission
Embassy of Peru, LondonBritish Embassy, Lima

Peru–United Kingdom relations (Spanish: Relaciones Perú y Reino Unido) refers to the bilateral relations between the Republic of Peru and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Relations between both countries date back to the British intervention in the Peruvian War of Independence.

In 2022, the elimination of the travel visa was announced from November 9 for short stays for Peruvians traveling to the United Kingdom.[1] As of 2022, British in Peru represent 0.13% of immigrants, with 1,788 British recorded as living in the country.[2]

The British-Peruvian Cultural Associationis the foremost British cultural centre in Peru.

Both countries share common membership of CPTPP and the UK-Andean Countries Free Trade Agreement.[3]

History

Both countries began their diplomatic relations in 1823 with the appointment of Thomas Edward Rowcroft as Consul General in Peru, who arrived aboard the HMS Cambridge on the same year.[4][5] In the 1830s, half of Peru's imports came from the United Kingdom. Throughout the republican period, Peru had the presence of prominent English commercial institutions; among them the Peruvian Railway Company, the Pacific Steam Navigation Company, the W. R. Grace and Company and the Anthony Gibbs & Sons.

During the War of the Confederation, the British government acted as guarantor of the 1837 Treaty of Paucarpata. When the treaty was annulled, the Consul General notified the Chilean government of Queen Victoria's disapproval of the continuation of the war.[6] Then chargé d'affaires Belford Hinton Wilson made demands to guarantee the safety of British goods in Lima, which were later moved to Callao.[7]

During the Liberal Revolution of 1854, a civil conflict between two factions, one led by President José Rufino Echenique and the other by Ramón Castilla, the British chargé d'affaires' house served as the refuge for the former's troops after they were defeated at the battle that ended the conflict.

The British embassy in Lima is located at the Torre Parque Mar, a building next to the Costa Verde of Miraflores District. It moved there in 2002, having previously occupied a series of locations after moving from their original legation in Monterrico.[8][9]

On February 24, 2022, in response to the Russian occupation of Ukraine, the British ambassador's residence flew the flag of Ukraine in support of the Slavic country.[10] After the death of Elizabeth II, the residence flew its national flag at half-mast,[11] later flying it at full mast until the coronation of Charles III.[12]

High-level visits

High-level visits from Peru to the United Kingdom

High-level visits from the United Kingdom to Peru

Trade

The United Kingdom and Peru had a continuity trade agreement through the Free Trade Agreement between Peru and the European Union, which entered into force on March 1, 2013.[28] On May 15, 2019, Peru, together with Ecuador and Colombia, signed a trade agreement with the United Kingdom in the city of Quito, which is based on the one signed with the European Union.[29] The latter agreement came into existence due to the announcement of Brexit in 2017.[30][31] In 2021, trade between both countries increased in 48% due to the new FTA.[32] In July 2023, the United Kingdom signed the agreement to acceed to the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, a trade bloc of which Peru is a founding member.[33]

Resident diplomatic missions

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Relations of Peru and the United Kingdom.

References

  1. ^ "Colombianos y peruanos ya no necesitarán visa para estancias cortas en Reino Unido". BBC Mundo. 2022-10-19.
  2. ^ Perú: Estadísticas de la Emigración Internacional de Peruanos e Inmigración de Extranjeros, 1990 – 2021 (PDF) (in Spanish). Lima: INEI. 2022. p. 77.
  3. ^ "UK-Peru Trade Dialogue: Building for the future". GOV.UK. 13 October 2023. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
  4. ^ "Celebrando la amistad entre el Perú y el Reino Unido". blogs.fco.gov.uk. 2013-04-19. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02.
  5. ^ "Información institucional". Embajada del Perú en Reino Unido.
  6. ^ Basadre 2014, p. 136–137.
  7. ^ Basadre 2014, p. 145.
  8. ^ Bertram, Mark. "Peru: Lima". Room for Diplomacy.
  9. ^ "British Embassy Residence to Move". Andean Air Mail & Peruvian Times. Vol. 32. 1972. p. 3.
  10. ^ UK in Peru 🇬🇧🇵🇪 [@UKinPeru] (2022-02-24). "Izamos la bandera ucraniana 🇺🇦 en la Residencia Británica 🇬🇧, en solidaridad con nuestros amigos ucranianos.

    El Reino Unido apoya al pueblo de Ucrania frente al ataque no provocado de Rusia contra la libertad y la democracia.

    #StandWithUkraine"     (Tweet) (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2023-05-30. Retrieved 2023-05-30 – via Twitter.
  11. ^ Gavin Cook [@GavinDCook] (2022-09-09). "La bandera del Reino Unido permanece izada a media asta en la Residencia Británica y en el edificio de la embajada en señal de luto por el fallecimiento de la Reina Elizabeth II" (Tweet) (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2023-05-30. Retrieved 2023-05-30 – via Twitter.
  12. ^ "El emotivo mensaje del embajador del Reino Unido en Perú a Isabel II: "La Reina apreciaba al mundo y este le correspondía"". Infobae. 2022-09-10. Archived from the original on 2023-05-30.
  13. ^ Dunlop, Charles (1949). The South American Journal and Brazil & River Plate Mail. Vol. 145–146. South American Journal. p. 89.
  14. ^ "Invitation Extended". St. Joseph News-Press. 1960-02-27.
  15. ^ "Fujimori dice que hoy se reanudan las negociaciones con el MRTA". El País. 1997-02-10.
  16. ^ "Perú y Reino Unido celebran 200 años del establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas". Gob.pe. 2023-10-10.
  17. ^ a b Batalla, Carlos (2020-11-06). "Episodio 1: cuando el futuro rey de Inglaterra y su hermano Jorge conocieron Piura en 1931". El Comercio.
  18. ^ a b c d Chávez Noriega, Jorge (2022-09-09). "Cuando la familia real británica comió cebiche en Máncora y otras historias que la vinculan con el Perú". El Comercio.
  19. ^ López Martínez, Héctor (2022-09-12). "Cuando el padre de la Reina Isabel visitó El Comercio". El Comercio.
  20. ^ a b Batalla, Carlos (2020-09-28). "Cuando la Duquesa de Kent y su hija visitaron Lima, pero vieron frustrado su viaje al Cusco". El Comercio.
  21. ^ "El príncipe Philip fallece a los 99 años: recordamos su visita al Perú en 1962". Cosas. 2021-04-09.
  22. ^ Batalla, Carlos (2021-05-14). "El día que llegó al Perú el Príncipe Felipe de Inglaterra". El Comercio.
  23. ^ "Princess Anne comforts young patients in Peru". Deseret News. 1997-12-02.
  24. ^ "HRH The Princess Royal visits Peru". Gov.uk. British Embassy Lima. 2017-10-06.
  25. ^ "British Foreign Office Minister visits Peru". Gov.uk. Foreign & Commonwealth Office. 2012-03-28.
  26. ^ "Foreign Secretary arrives in Peru for first visit of a British Foreign Secretary in over 50 years". Gov.uk. Foreign & Commonwealth Office, Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy. 2018-05-20.
  27. ^ "Peru: Prime Minister meets with UK Exports Minister". Andina. 2021-11-22.
  28. ^ "¿Qué gana el Perú con el libre comercio con la Unión Europea". Perú 21. 2013-02-21. Archived from the original on 2016-07-08.
  29. ^ "Colombia, Perú y Ecuador firman acuerdo comercial con Reino Unido". RCN Televisión. 2019-05-15.
  30. ^ "Acuerdo Comercial entre el Perú y el Reino Unido fue aprobado por el Congreso de la República". Gob.pe. 2020-12-28.
  31. ^ Lozano, Víctor (2021-01-05). "Perú y Reino Unido: Fortalecimiento económico bilateral". El Peruano.
  32. ^ "Comercio entre el Perú y Reino Unido creció 48% en el 2021, gracias a nuevo TLC". El Peruano. 2022-08-30.
  33. ^ "'A significant milestone for UK trade': Britain signs deal to join £12trn Indo-Pacific trading block". Sky News. 2023-07-16. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
  34. ^ "Embajada del Perú en Reino Unido". Gob.pe.
  35. ^ "British Embassy Lima". Gov.uk.

Bibliography