Pattin

Pattin/Unqi
Before 870 BC–738 BC
Pattin(a)/Unqi and its capital Kinalua among the Neo-Hittite states
Pattin(a)/Unqi and its capital Kinalua among the Neo-Hittite states
CapitalKinalua
Common languagesLuwian
Aramaic
Religion
Luwian religion
GovernmentMonarchy
Historical eraIron Age
• Established
Before 870 BC
• Disestablished
738 BC
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Palistin
Neo-Assyrian Empire
Today part ofTurkey
Syria
Tributary procession led by Qalparunda of the Land of Unqi, detail of the throne dais of Shalmaneser III, Iraq Museum

Pattin (also known as Pattina, Patina, Unqu and Unqi), was an ancient Luwian Syro-Hittite state at the beginning of the 1st millennium BC. It was known to the Assyrians as Unqi and Aramaeans as Unqu.

It was located at the north-western coast of ancient Syria, associated with the modern-day Hatay. The capital of the state was Kinalua (Kunalua, Kalneh, or Kinaluwa), which has been tentatively associated with Tell Tayinat[1] in modern-day Turkey.

The state was formed in the 9th century BC towards the end of the Dark Age period, and shared a north-western border with the Syro-Hittite state of Quwê. Khazazu (modern-day Azaz) was one of Pattin's dependencies which was invaded by Assyria around 870 BC. The frontier fortress of Aribua (associated with the modern-day region of Idlib) within the land of Lukhuti to the immediate south of Pattin was also ravaged.[2][3]

List of kings

The name Suppiluliuma corresponds to the Assyrian Sapalalme and Halparuntiya to Qalparunda.[4]

References

  1. ^ See the Tayinat Website by the Department of Near & Middle Eastern Civilizations at the University of Toronto
  2. ^ Syria-Hittite, Pattin
  3. ^ History files:Aleppo
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Mark Weeden (2013), "After the Hittites: The Kingdoms of Karkamish and Palistin in Northern Syria" (PDF), Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, 56 (2): 15, doi:10.1111/j.2041-5370.2013.00055.x, JSTOR 44254129.
  5. ^ a b c d Belkıs Dinçol; Ali Dinçol; J. D. Hawkins; Hasan Peker; Aliye Öztan (2015), "Two New Inscribed Storm-god Stelae from Arsuz (İskenderun): ARSUZ 1 and 2", Anatolian Studies, 65: 63, doi:10.1017/S006615461500006X.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Trevor Bryce (2012), The World of the Neo-Hittite Kingdoms: A Political and Military History, Oxford University Press, pp. 130–133.

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