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Parus
Manufacturer	JSC Information Satellite Systems
Country of origin	Soviet Union; Russia
Operator	VKS
Applications	Navigation; Communications
Specifications
Bus	KAUR-1
Launch mass	825 kilograms (1,819 lb)
Regime	Low Earth
Design life	18-24 months
Production
Status	Decommissioned
Built	>99
Launched	99
Operational	Unknown
Lost	1-4
Maiden launch	Kosmos 700,; 26 December 1974
Related spacecraft
Derived from	Tsikada

Parus (Russian: Парус meaning Sail), also Tsyklon-B or Tsiklon-B (Russian: Циклон-Б meaning Cyclone-B) and Tsikada-M (Russian: Цикада-М meaning Cicada-M),^[1] GRAU index 11F627, was a Russian, previously Soviet satellite constellation used for communication and navigation. As of 2010, 99 Parus satellites had been launched, starting with Kosmos 700 in 1974.^[2] All launches had been conducted using Kosmos-3M carrier rockets, flying from sites 132 and 133 at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome.^[3]

The prime function of Parus satellites was to provide location information for the Tsiklon-B navigation system.^[4]

Parus satellites were produced by JSC Information Satellite Systems (formerly NPO PM), based on the KAUR-1 satellite bus. They had a mass of around 825 kilograms (1,819 lb), and a design life of 18–24 months.^[1] The satellites operated in low Earth orbits, typically with a perigee of about 950 kilometres (590 mi), an apogee of 1,005 kilometres (624 mi) and 82.9° inclination.^[2] They were operated by the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces, and were used primarily for navigation, Store and forward communication, and to relay data from US-P satellites.^[2] Some of the navigation functions are believed to have been superseded by the GLONASS system.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b Wade, Mark. "Parus". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2012-06-03. Retrieved 2009-07-21.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Krebs, Gunter. "Parus (11F627)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2009-07-21.
^ McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 2009-07-21.
^ "Parus (11F627)". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2017-09-22.