Paris–Rouen (motor race)

For the cycle race, see Paris–Rouen (cycle race).

Horseless Carriages Contest
VenueRoad from Paris to Rouen
LocationFrance
Corporate sponsorLe Petit Journal
Pierre Giffard
First race22 July 1894 (unique race)
102 entrants
21 qualified
4 stopped
Distance126 kilometres (78 mi)
Photo d'Albert de Dion, vainqueur de l'épreuve.
Jules-Albert de Dion finished first in a steam powered De Dion tractor towing a caléche carriage, but was not eligible for the prize. Among the passengers are de Dion, Étienne van Zuylen van Nyevelt-Rothschild, and writer Émile Driant.
Photo de Albert Lemaître, deuxième de l'épreuve.
Albert Lemaître (pictured on left) finished second in a 3 hp Peugeot but was judged the winner. Bicycle and tyre manufacturer Adolphe Clément-Bayard was the front passenger.

Paris–Rouen, Le Petit Journal Horseless Carriages Contest (Concours du 'Petit Journal' Les Voitures sans Chevaux), was a pioneering city-to-city motoring competition in 1894 which is sometimes described as the world's first competitive motor race.

The contest was organised by the newspaper Le Petit Journal and ran from Paris to Rouen in France on 22 July 1894. It was preceded by four days of vehicle exhibition and qualifying events that created great crowds and excitement. The eight 50 km (31 mi) qualifying events started near the Bois de Boulogne and comprised interwoven routes around Paris to select the entrants for the main 126 km (78 mi) event.[1]

The first driver across the finishing line at Rouen was Jules-Albert de Dion, but he did not win the main prize because his steam vehicle needed a stoker and was thus ineligible. The fastest petrol-powered car was a 3 hp (2.2 kW; 3.0 PS) Peugeot driven by Albert Lemaître. The premier prize, the 5,000 franc Prix du Petit Journal, for "the competitor whose car comes closest to the ideal", was shared equally by manufacturers Panhard et Levassor and Les fils de Peugeot frères ('The sons of Peugeot brothers'), with vehicles that were "easy to use".[2][3][4][5]

1894 – Paris to Rouen

Pierre Giffard
Photo d'Auguste Doriot, troisième de l'épreuve.
Auguste Doriot, finished third in a Vis a vis (Face to face) 3 hp Peugeot.[6]
Panhard-Levassor (1890–1895), similar to Hippolyte Panhard's fourth-place finisher.
Émile Kraeutler finished 6th in a 3 hp Peugeot "break".
Gratien Michaux finished 9th in the 3 hp Peugeot phaeton.
Michaux passes through a busy street in Mantes-la-Jolie, racing amongst horses and pedestrians, en route to Rouen where he finished 9th in the 3 hp Peugeot phaeton.
1894 Paris-Rouen Serpollet Steamer No 44 DNF (Leon Serpollet is 3rd from left)

Organisation

In 1894, Pierre Giffard, editor of Le Petit Journal, organised the world's first motoring competition from Paris to Rouen to publicise his newspaper, to stimulate interest in motoring and to develop French motor manufacturing. Sporting events were a tried and tested form of publicity stunt and circulation booster. The paper promoted it as "Le Petit Journal Competition for Horseless Carriages" (Le Petit Journal Concours des Voitures sans Chevaux) that were "not dangerous, easy to drive, and cheap during the journey", the main prize being for "the competitor whose car comes closest to the ideal". The "easy to drive" clause effectively precluded from the prizes (but not the event) any vehicles needing a travelling mechanic or technical assistant such as a stoker (i.e. steam powered vehicles).[2][7]

Le Petit Journal announced prize money totalling 10,000 gold francs – 5,000 for first place, 2,000 for second, 1,500 for third, 1,000 for fourth, and 500 for fifth. The main prize was for the first eligible vehicle across the finish line in Rouen.[7]

Entrants

Further information on Full list of 102 entrants: Paris–Rouen (motor race) § List of entrants

One hundred two people paid the ten franc entrance fee. They ranged from practical manufacturers like Peugeot, Panhard, de Dion-Bouton, and Serpollet to amateur owners and "over-ambitious concepts." Seventy-eight entrants did not show up for qualifying on 18 July, which included some 25 powered by unfamiliar and improbable technologies such as: gravity (nine); compressed air (five); "automatic" (three); electricity (three); gas (three); hydraulics (two); and one each for liquid, pedals, propellers, and levers. Additionally, 19 petrol-powered designs and 26 steam-powered cars, quadricycles, and tricycles did not show up at the qualifying event.[2][3][8]

Qualifying

Qualifying was held from 19 to 21 July 1894, and was preceded by a public exhibition of 26 cars to Neuilly-sur-Seine on 18 July. Journalists reported great crowds and excitement throughout the routes, and at Précy-sur-Oise they finished through a triumphal arch. On 19 July, 26 cars lined the side of the Boulevard Maillot, stretching to the Bois de Boulogne, each parked 10 m (33 ft) apart until, at 8:00 am, the first car led off, followed at 15-second intervals by the others. The 50 km (31 mi) qualifying event had to be completed in under three hours to be eligible to start the main event, the 126 km (78 mi) race from Paris to Rouen; 21 were selected for the main event.[2][8][9]

Qualifying was used as a major publicity tool for both the event and the newspaper: "for our readers who want to see the cars on the roads around Paris". The 22 vehicles were split into five groups who completed complex interwoven tours of Paris and its environs, including Mantes-la-Jolie, Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Flins-sur-Seine, Poissy, Triel-sur-Seine, Rambouillet, Versailles, Dampierre-en-Yvelines, Corbeil-Essonnes, Palaiseau, Précy-sur-Oise, Gennevilliers and L'Isle-Adam, Val-d'Oise. The groups were carefully balanced to ensure each included petrol and steam, a Peugeot, a Panhard & Levassor, and different seating. Le Petit Journal, on the morning of the event, still officially expected Lemoigne and his gravity-powered vehicle to participate, although he was included as an additional member of group five.[8]

The groups that set off from Porte Maillot on Thursday 19 July were:[8]

  • Itinerary one – Paris to Mantes-la-Jolie via Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye and Flins-sur-Seine:
    • No. 3 de Dion, Bouton et Cie, break, six seats, steam. – Did not qualify for Paris-Rouen.
    • No. 13 Panhard et Levassor, four seats, petrol – qualified
    • No. 21 Letar, four seats, steam – did not qualify
    • No. 30 Les fils de Peugeot frères, three seats, petrol – qualified
  • Itinerary two – Paris to Mantes-la-Jolie via Poissy and Triel-sur-Seine:
    • No. 10 Scotte, 8–10 seats, steam – qualified
    • No. 15 Panhard et Levassor, two seats, petrol – qualified
    • No. 25 Coqatrix, four seats, steam – qualified
    • No. 28 Les fils de Peugeot frères, four seats, petrol – qualified
    • No. 44 de Prandieres, six seats, system Serpollet and petrol combined[a] – qualified
(Note – Le Petit Journal does not show an itinerary three, presumably either a misprint or changed plan)
  • Itinerary four – Paris to Rambouillet via Versailles and Dampierre-en-Yvelines:
    • No. 7 Gautier, four seats, steam – qualified
    • No. 18 Archdeacon, six or seven seats, steam – qualified
    • No. 19 Le Blant, eight to ten seats, steam – qualified
    • No. 42 Le Brun, four seats, petrol – qualified
  • Itinerary five – Paris to Corbeil-Essonnes via Versailles and Palaiseau:
    • No. 4 de Dion, Victoria, four people, steam – qualified
    • No. 16 Quantin, six seats, petrol – did not qualify
    • No. 27 Les fils de Peugeot frères, two seats, petrol – qualified
    • No. 29 Les fils de Peugeot frères, four seats, petrol – did not qualify
    • No. 40 Lemoigne, four seats, 'gravity powered'. Note – did not show or was eliminated.
(Sources show three or five vehicles on this route and variance over qualification)
  • Itinerary six – Paris to Précy-sur-Oise via Gennevilliers and L'Isle-Adam, Val-d'Oise:
    • No. 12 Tenting, four seats, petrol. Note – did not qualify for Paris-Rouen.
    • No. 14 Panhard et Levassor, four seats, (new type) petrol – qualified
    • No. 24 Alfred Vacheron, two seats, petrol – did not qualify until Saturday 21st
    • No. 31 Les fils de Peugeot frères, break, five seats, petrol – qualified

On Friday 20 July a second qualifying event was run over two routes.[10]

  • Itinerary one – Paris to Mantes-la-Jolie via Bezons, Houilles and Maisons-Laffitte.
    • No. 44 de Prandieres, six seats, system Serpollet and petrol combined – qualified
    • No. 60 Le Blant, Serpollet, nine seats, steam – qualified
    • No. 64 Émile Mayade, Panhard et Levassor, four seats, petrol – qualified
    • No. 65 Albert Lemaître, Les fils de Peugeot frères, four seats, petrol – qualified
  • Itinerary two – Paris to Corbeil-Essonnes
    • No. 61 Roger de Montais, De Montais, two seat tricycle, petrol – qualified
    • No. 85 Émile Roger, Benz, two seats, petrol – qualified

On Saturday 21 July a third qualifying event was run from Paris to Poissy.

  • No. 53 de Bourmont (de Bourmont, four seats, petrol) – qualified
  • No. 24 Alfred Vacheron, two seats, petrol – qualified

Race

At 8:00 am on Sunday 22 July, twenty-one qualifiers started from Porte Maillot and went via the Bois de Boulogne, Neuilly-sur-Seine, Courbevoie, Nanterre, Chatou, Le Pecq, Poissy, Triel-sur-Seine, Vaux-sur-Seine, and Meulan, to Mantes where they stopped for lunch from noon until 1:30 pm, whence they set off to Vernon, Gaillon, Pont-de-l'Arche, and the 'Champ de Mars' at Rouen.

Count de Dion was the first to arrive in Rouen after 6 hours 48 minutes at an average speed of 19 km/h (12 mph). He finished 3 min 30 sec ahead of Albert Lemaître (Peugeot), Auguste Doriot (Peugeot) (16 min 30 sec back), Hippolyte Panhard (Panhard) (33 min 30 sec) and Émile Levassor (Panhard) (55 min 30 sec).[2][4][9] The winner's average speed was 17 km/h (11 mph).[11]

Prizes

On Tuesday 24 July Le Petit Journal announced the prizes :[5]

  • First prize, the Prix du Petit Journal for "the competitor whose car comes closest to the ideal" (5,000 francs) was shared equally between Panhard et Levassor and 'Les fils de Peugeot Frères'.
  • Second prize, the Prix Marinoni (Owner of Le Petit Journal) (2,000 francs) was awarded to de Dion, Bouton et Cie for their "interesting steam tractor that works like a horse and gives both absolute speed and pulling power up hills".
  • Third prize, the Prix Marinoni (1,500 francs) was awarded to Maurice Le Blant for his nine-seater vehicle powered by the 'systeme Serpollet'.
  • Fourth prize, the Prix Marinoni (1,000 francs) was shared between two manufacturers, Alfred Vacheron (No. 24) and Le Brun (No. 42).
  • Fifth prize, the Prix Marinoni (500 francs) was awarded to Roger (No. 85)

Results for Paris–Rouen

Position
overall 		Number Driver / entrant Make Power People Time
overall 		Position
at Mantes 		Time
Paris-Mantes
circa 50 km 		Time
Mantes-Rouen
circa 80 km
1 4 Jules-Albert, Count de Dion, Bouton De Dion-Bouton Steam 4 6 h 48 m 00 s or
5 h 40 m[12]		 2 2 h 38 m 4 h 10 m
2 65 Albert Lemaître – 'Les fils de Peugeot Frères' Peugeot Petrol
(Daimler)		 4 6 h 51 m 30 s or
5 h 45 m[12]		 1 2 h 36 m 4 h 15 m
3 28 Auguste Doriot – 'Les fils de Peugeot Frères' Peugeot Petrol
(Daimler)		 4 7 h 04 m 30 s or
5 h 50 m[12]		 4 2 h 44 m 4 h 20 m
4 13 Hippolyte Panhard – Panhard et Levassor Panhard et Levassor Petrol
(Daimler)		 4 7 h 21 m 30 s or
6 h 3 m[12]		 5 2 h 48 m 4 h 33 m
5 or 7[12] 15 Émile Levassor – Panhard et Levassor Panhard et Levassor Petrol
(Daimler)		 2 7 h 43 m 30 s or
6 h 30 m[12]		 3 2 h 43 m 5 h 0 m
6 or 5[12] 31 Émile Kraeutler – 'Les fils de Peugeot Frères' Peugeot Petrol
(Daimler)		 4 7 h 46 m 30 s or
6 h 7 m[12]		 10 3 h 9 m 4 h 37 m
7 or 8[12] 64 Émile Mayade Panhard et Levassor Petrol
(Daimler)		 4 8 h 09 m 00 s or
6 h 49 m[12]		 6 2 h 50 m 5 h 19 m
8 or 6[12] 42 A. Le Brun Le Brun Petrol
(Daimler)		 4 8 h 12 m 00 s or
6 h 24 m[12]		 13 3 h 18 m 4 h 54 m
9 or 10[12] 30 Gratien Michaux – 'Les fils de Peugeot Frères' Peugeot Petrol
(Daimler)		 3 8 h 25 m 00 s or
7 h 2 m[12]		 7 2 h 53 m 5 h 32 m
10 or 13[12] 14 "Dubois" – Panhard et Levassor Panhard et Levassor Petrol
(Daimler)		 4 8 h 38 m 00 s or
7 h 10 m[12]		 8 2 h 58 5 h 40 m
11 or 12[12] 27 Louis Rigoulot – 'Les fils de Peugeot Frères' Peugeot Type 5 Petrol
(Daimler)		 2 8 h 41 m 00 s or
7 h 5 m[12]		 12 3 h 16 m 5 h 35 m
12 or 11[12] 24 Alfred Vacheron Vacheron / Panhard Petrol
(Daimler)		 2 8 h 42 m 30 s or
7 h 3 m[12]		 11 3 h 9 m 5 h 33 m
13 or 9[12] 53 "De Bourmont" de Bourmont Steam[13] 4 8 h 51 m 00 s or
7 h 1 m[12]		 15 3 h 21 m 5 h 31 m
14 85 Émile Roger Benz Petrol
(Benz)		 10 h 01 m 00 s or
8 h 9 m[12]		 16 3 h 22 m 6 h 39 m
15 60 Maurice Le Blant Serpollet Steam 8 10 h 43 m 00 s or
8 h 50 m[12]		 17 3 h 23 m 7 h 20 m
16 7 Pierre Gautier Gautier–Wehrlé Steam 4 12 h 24 m 30 s 19 4 h 17 m 8 h 7 m
17 18 Ernest Archdeacon Serpollet Steam 6 13 h 00 m 00 s 14 3 h 20 m 9 h 40 m
Stopped 44 "De Prandiéres" Serpollet Steam 4 Nanterre
– broken wheel[12]		 retired out
Stopped 19 Étienne le Blant Serpollet Steam 10 Motor 20 4 h 39 m retired
Stopped 10 "J. Scotte" Scotte Steam 8 Motor 9 3 h 8 m retired
Stopped 61 Roger de Montais De Montais Steam[5] 2 Motor 18 4 h 0 m retired
Sources:[4][12][13][5][14][15]

List of entrants

Result No. Entrant
manufacturer		 City Seats Engine type
No show 1 Rousselet Paris 4 gravity
No show 2 Edouard Pellorce Neuilly-sur-Seine petrol
Did not qualify 3 De Dion-Bouton et Co Puteaux 4 steam
Started 4 De Dion-Bouton et Co Puteaux 6 steam
No show 5 Le Maitre Paris 4 steam
No show 6 Roussat Paris 4 hydraulic
Started 7 Gautier P Paris 4 steam
No show 8 Hidien Châteauroux 4 steam
No show 9 Victor Popp Paris 4 air compressor
Started 10 Scotte J Épernay 8 steam
No show 11 Klaus Th Lyon 4 petrol
Did not qualify 12 Tenting Paris 4 petrol
Started 13 Panhard & Levassor Paris 4 petrol
Started 14 Panhard & Levassor Paris 4 petrol
Started 15 Panhard & Levassor Paris 4 petrol
No show 16 Quantio Roubaix 6 petrol
No show 17 Rodier, Roche et Sabatier Bagnols-sur-Cèze petrol
Started 18 Archdeacon M E
(or Serpollet)		 Paris 7 petrol
(or steam)
Started 19 Le Blant Paris 10 steam
No show 20 Paraire G Château-Thierry steam
No show 21 Letar Alexandre Paris 4 steam
No show 22 Gaillardet Petit Gennevilliers 4 steam
No show 23 Varennes Paris 3 steam
Started 24 Vacheron Alfred Monthermé 2 petrol
No show 25 Coquatrix Paris 4 steam
No show 26 Leval Paris 4 baricycle?
Started 27 Peugeot Fils et frères Valentigney 4 petrol
Started 28 Peugeot Fils et frères Valentigney 4 petrol
Did not qualify 29 Peugeot Fils et frères Valentigney 4 petrol
Started 30 Peugeot Fils et frères Valentigney 4 petrol
Started 31 Peugeot Fils et frères Valentigney 4 petrol
No show 32 Darras L Bruay tricycle steam
No show 33 Geoffroy M P steam
No show 34 Geoffroy M P steam
No show 35 Geoffroy M P steam
No show 36 Gillot Jules Maubeuge 4 petrol
No show 37 Loubiere Albert La Ferté-sous-Jouarre 6 gravity
No show 38 Duchemin A Paris 4
No show 39 Ponsot Paris 4 Oil?
No show 40 Lemoigne Louis Fougères 4 gravity
No show 41 Bargogli Paris 4 petrol
Started 42 Le Brun A Rouen 4 petrol
No show 43 Spanoghe Antwerp, Belgium 6 steam
Started 44 de Prandieres M Lyon 6 Serpollet steam
No show 45 Cornequet Paris 8 automatic
No show 46 Matin-Cudrez F Paris 2 steam
No show 47 Barthelemy Cesar Yèbles 3 gravity
No show 48 Leblanc Ay, Marne 6 steam
No show 49 Valentin J M Bruyères 3 gravity
No show 50 Werstein Paris 3 pedals
Result No. Entrant City Seats Engine type
No show 51 Lepape Paris 4 petrol
No show 52 Société Parisienne de
constructions Velo		 Paris 4 air compressor
Started 53 de Bourmont M Arcachon 4 petrol
No show 54 Froger Elie Feneu 4 petrol
No show 55 De Dion-Bouton et Co Puteaux 4 petrol
No show 56 Lebrun M Roches-Bettaincourt 4 automatic
No show 57 Seunier M 4 petrol
No show 58 Barbier et Marcillet Paris 3 steam
No show 59 Bezamat Colombes 4 steam
Started 60 Le Blant Maurice Paris 9 steam
Started 61 de Montais Roger Beauvroit 2 petrol
No show 62 Mallarme Gentilly steam
No show 63 Tissandier et Lacombe Agen petrol
Started 64 Panhard & Levassor Paris petrol
Started 65 Peugeot Fils et frères Valentigney 4 petrol
No show 66 Museur L et Cordonnier E Masnières 4 steam
No show 67 Lebesgue Paris petrol
No show 68 Garnier E et Delannoy G Beauvois 4 combination
No show 69 de Malapert et Barriere Paris 4 liquid
No show 70 Fays – Poisson Gigny 6 gravity
No show 71 Klaus Th Lyon 2 tricycle petrol
No show 72 Tamarelle – Capeyron Bergerac 5 steam
No show 73 Pretot Paris 4 petrol
No show 74 Mayer Raoul Chevanceaux 2 quadracycle steam
No show 75 Dessaux Charles Paris 2 tricycle gravity
No show 76 Tirant Georges Baissy steam
No show 77 Reverseau Paris 4 automatic
No show 78 Berthaud Lyon 8 air compressor
No show 79 Baudet A Paris 4 steam
No show 80 Quantin Boulogne 6 steam
No show 81 Becherel Paris 2 tricycle steam
No show 82 Monges Paris 4 electric
No show 83 Suodais Fontenay 6 electric
No show 84 Plantard Paris 4 air compressor
Started 85 Roger Paris 2 petrol
No show 86 Garrard
Garrard & Blumfield		 Birmingham
Great Britain		 electric
No show 87 Landry & Beyroux G 4 petrol
No show 88 Jeantaud Paris 3 petrol
No show 89 Demont Paris 4 steam
No show 90 Mansart Beauvais 4 gravity
No show 91 Carli le comte Italy 2 electric
No show 92 de Farcy Angers 2 petrol
No show 93 Gantry Orléans 2 gas
No show 94 Morelleras H Angoulême gravity
No show 95 Roze – Andrillon Marseille 4 air compressor
No show 96 Canis Maulan 4 propeller
No show 97 Deutsch M Germany 2 petrol (Benz Car)
No show 98 Deutsch M Germany 2 petrol (Benz Car)
No show 99 Bonnefils Valence 2 petrol
No show 100 Bellanger Le Mans 4 system
No show 101 Mary Jean Paris 4 gas
No show 102 Barriquand M 4 hydraulic
Result No. Entrant City Seats Engine type
  • de Dion-Bouton steam Voiture a boggie Count de Dion finished first Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen. Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
    de Dion-Bouton
    steam Voiture a boggie
    Count de Dion finished first
    Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen.
    Le Petit Journal
    Sunday 22 July 1894
  • Gautier–Wehrlé (Steam. mis-labelled image) Pierre Gautier finished 19th Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen. Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
    Gautier–Wehrlé
    (Steam. mis-labelled image)
    Pierre Gautier finished 19th
    Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen.
    Le Petit Journal
    Sunday 22 July 1894
  • Panhard et Levassor 'Phaeton a petrole' Émile Levassor finished 5th Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen. Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
    Panhard et Levassor
    'Phaeton a petrole'
    Émile Levassor finished 5th
    Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen.
    Le Petit Journal
    Sunday 22 July 1894
  • Panhard et Levassor petrol Phaeton Hippolyte Panhard finished 4th Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen. Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
    Panhard et Levassor
    petrol Phaeton
    Hippolyte Panhard finished 4th
    Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen.
    Le Petit Journal
    Sunday 22 July 1894
  • Panhard et Levassor Nouveau type Dubois finished ninth Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen. Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
    Panhard et Levassor
    Nouveau type
    Dubois finished ninth
    Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen.
    Le Petit Journal
    Sunday 22 July 1894
  • Peugeot Type 5 Vis a vis 3 hp Auguste Doriot finished 3rd Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen. Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
    Peugeot Type 5 Vis a vis
    3 hp
    Auguste Doriot finished 3rd
    Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen.
    Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
  • Peugeot Type 5 Phaeton petrol, Louis Rigoulot finished 11th Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen. Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
    Peugeot Type 5 Phaeton
    petrol,
    Louis Rigoulot finished 11th
    Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen.
    Le Petit Journal
    Sunday 22 July 1894
  • Victoria Peugeot petrol Did not qualify Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen. Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
    Victoria Peugeot
    petrol
    Did not qualify
    Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen.
    Le Petit Journal
    Sunday 22 July 1894
  • Serpollet steam car did not finish Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen. Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
    Serpollet
    steam car
    did not finish
    Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen.
    Le Petit Journal
    Sunday 22 July 1894
  • Serpollet steam car with 7 seats Ernest Archdeacon finished 16th Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen. Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
    Serpollet
    steam car with 7 seats
    Ernest Archdeacon finished 16th
    Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen.
    Le Petit Journal
    Sunday 22 July 1894
  • Chastel et David Serpollet steam did not finish Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen. Le Petit Journal Sunday 22 July 1894
    Chastel et David Serpollet
    steam
    did not finish
    Le Petit Journal – Contest for Horseless Carriages, Paris-Rouen.
    Le Petit Journal
    Sunday 22 July 1894

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Systeme Serpollet was a form of steam engine. The car evidently had both a steam and a petrol motor, but details have been lost to time.

References

Citations

  1. ^ Le petit journal, publication of 20 December, column 1, Article 8 Gallica, Online Archive, Le Petit Journal
  2. ^ a b c d e Forix, Autosport, 8W – Welcome to Who? What? Where? When? Why? on the World Wide Web. The cradle of motorsport Rémi Paolozzi, May 28, 2003
  3. ^ a b Cent Ans, Concours du Petit Journal Les voitures sans chevaux. cent.ans.free.fr
  4. ^ a b c Le Petit Journal Gallica, Online Archive of France. 22 July 1894.
  5. ^ a b c d Prizes Gallica, Online Archive, Le Petit Journal Tuesday 24 July 1894
  6. ^ 22 July 1894 – Race day Gallica, Online Archive, Le Petit Journal
  7. ^ a b 19 December 1893 – Announcement Gallica, Online Archive, Le Petit Journal
  8. ^ a b c d 18 July 1894 – Selection around Paris Gallica, Online Archive, Le Petit Journal
  9. ^ a b CC Organisation – Course Paris-Rouen www.cc-organisation.com
  10. ^ Sat 21 July 1894 – Selection II Gallica, Online Archive, Le Petit Journal
  11. ^ Grand Prix History – Organized Racing & The First Grand Prix 1 November 2010 Grand Prix History.org (accessed 11 June 2017)
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Race report. Gallica, Online Archive of France. Mon 23 July 1894. Le Petit Journal
  13. ^ a b Richard J. Evans: Steam Cars (Shire Album), Shire Publications Ltd (1985) ISBN 978-0852637746, p. 15
  14. ^ The Early History of Motoring by Claude Johnson, extracted by Graces Guide
  15. ^ Provisional results it.wikipedia.org

Other sources

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1894 Paris-Rouen race.

Read other articles:

Kagamino, Okayama

Kagamino 鏡野町Kota kecil BenderaLambangLokasi Kagamino di Prefektur OkayamaNegara JepangWilayahChūgokuPrefektur OkayamaDistrikTomataLuas • Total420 km2 (160 sq mi)Populasi (Oktober 1, 2015) • Total12.847 • Kepadatan30,59/km2 (7,920/sq mi)Zona waktuUTC+9 (JST)Kode pos708-0392Simbol • PohonFagaceae• BungaGentiana scabra Prunus serrulata• BurungMegaceryle lugubris• Kupu-kupuByasa alcinous Luehdorfia japonica...

 

 

بطولة العالم للدراجات على المضمار

بطولة العالم للدراجات على المضمار   معلومات عامة الرياضة سباق الدراجات على المضمار  انطلقت 1893 المنظم الاتحاد الدولي لسباق الدراجات (UCI) التواتر سنوي الموقع الرسمي الموقع الرسمي  التسلسل الزمني للمنافسة تعديل مصدري - تعديل   بطولة العالم للدراجات على المضمار هي م�...

 

 

معهد الرياضيات والمعلوماتية الهولندي

معهد الرياضيات والمعلوماتية الهولندي   معلومات التأسيس 1946  الموقع الجغرافي إحداثيات 52°21′23″N 4°57′07″E / 52.356388888889°N 4.9519444444444°E / 52.356388888889; 4.9519444444444  المكان حكومة أمستردام  البلد هولندا[1]  الإدارة الرئيس جي. سي.أم. باتن إحصاءات عضوية رابطة الشبكة ا�...

Allston

For the surname, see Allston (surname). Neighborhood of Boston in Suffolk, Massachusetts, United StatesAllstonNeighborhood of BostonPackard's Corner at the intersection of Commonwealth Avenue and Brighton Avenue in AllstonNicknames: Allston, Rat City, Rock CityCountryUnited StatesStateMassachusettsCountySuffolkNeighborhood ofBostonTime zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)Zip Code02134Area codes617 & 857 Allston is an officially recognized neighborhood within the City of Boston, Massachusetts. It wa...

 

 

Stadion Stockholm

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Januari 2023. Stadion Stockholm dapat merujuk ke: Arena Friends Stadion Olimpiade Stockholm Stadion Råsunda Lihat juga Stockholm Stockholm (disambiguasi) Halaman disambiguasi ini berisi daftar artikel Stadion yang memiliki judul yang sama. Jika Anda mencapai halama...

 

 

B

  此條目介紹的是拉丁字母中的第2个字母。关于其他用法，请见「B (消歧义)」。   提示：此条目页的主题不是希腊字母Β、西里尔字母В、Б、Ъ、Ь或德语字母ẞ、ß。 BB b(见下)用法書寫系統拉丁字母英文字母ISO基本拉丁字母（英语：ISO basic Latin alphabet）类型全音素文字相关所属語言拉丁语读音方法 [b][p][ɓ](适应变体)Unicode编码U+0042, U+0062字母顺位2数值 2歷史發...

Albert Kahn

Albert Kahn Albert Kahn (Rhaunen, 21 marzo 1869 – Detroit, 8 dicembre 1942) è stato un architetto statunitense di origini ebraiche, nato in Germania. Noto per le sue opere di architettura industriale. Indice 1 Biografia 2 Opere 3 Note 4 Bibliografia 5 Altri progetti 6 Collegamenti esterni Biografia Packard Automotive Plant, 1903 Kahn nacque in Germania a Rhaunen, un comune della Renania-Palatinato, in una famiglia di origine ebraica, figlio di un rabbino e di un'artista.[1] Si tras...

 

 

Ebenezer Scrooge

Ebenezer ScroogeTokoh 'A Christmas Carol in Prose, Being a Ghost Story of Christmas'Ebenezer ScroogePenciptaCharles DickensInformasiJenis kelaminLaki-lakiKeluargaFred (keponakan) Fan/Fran (saudara perempuan)KewarganegaraanBritania Raya Ebenezer Scrooge adalah tokoh utama pada novel karya Charles Dickens tahun 1843, A Christmas Carol. Ia berhati dingin, egois, yang tidak menyukai Natal dan hal-hal yang menimbulkan kebahagiaan. Ia mengalami perubahan sifat karena didatangi oleh Hantu-hantu Nata...

 

 

Гонзаго, Пьетро ди Готтардо

В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с фамилией Гонзага. Пьетро ди Готтардо Гонзаго (Гонзага)итал. Pietro di Gottardo Gonzago (Gonzaga) Основные сведения Страна  Российская империя Венецианская республика Дата рождения 25 марта 1751(1751-03-25) Место рождения Лонгароне Дата см...

United Sabah National Organisation

Political party This article is about the Sabahan defunct political party of the same name. For the revived and re-registered new party, see United Sabah National Organisation (New). United Sabah National Organisation Malay namePertubuhan Kebangsaan Sabah Bersatuڤرتوبوهن كبڠسأن سابه برساتوChinese name沙巴聯合民族組織沙巴联合民族组织Shābā liánhé mínzú zǔzhīAbbreviationUSNOFounderMustapha HarunFoundedDecember 1961Dissolved1996Merged intoUMNO ...

 

 

M-Base

Music genre This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (October 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improv...

 

 

Michelino da Besozzo

«Pictor excellentissimus inter omnes pictores mundi» (Giovanni Alcherio, 1410) Sposalizio mistico di santa Caterina con san Giovanni Battista e sant'Antonio abate, Pinacoteca Nazionale a SienaMichele de' Molinari, detto Michelino da Besozzo (Besozzo, 1370 circa – 1455 circa), è stato un pittore e miniatore italiano. Annunciazione, Offiziolo Bodmer (prima metà del XV secolo)Considerato uno dei maggiori esponenti del Gotico Internazionale in Italia, lavorò prevalentemente in Lombardia&#...

حرب الاستقلال اليونانية

هذه المقالة عن حرب الاستقلال اليونانية. لتصفح عناوين مشابهة، انظر الحرب اليونانية التركية (توضيح). حرب الاستقلال اليونانية جزء من الثورة اليونانية ضد الحكم العثماني المطران الأرثوذكسي جيرمانوسيبارك علم الثورة اليونانية في دير آيا لافرا،لوحة زيتية للرسام اليوناني ثيودور...

 

 

勒内·科蒂

勒内·科蒂第17任法国总统任期1954年1月16日—1959年1月8日总理约瑟夫·拉尼埃皮埃尔·孟戴斯-弗朗斯埃德加·富尔居伊·摩勒莫里斯·布尔热-莫努里费利克斯·加亚尔皮埃尔·弗林姆兰夏尔·戴高乐前任樊尚·奥里奥尔继任夏尔·戴高乐 （法蘭西第五共和國）總統 个人资料出生(1882-03-20)1882年3月20日法国勒阿弗尔逝世1962年11月22日(1962歲—11—22)（80歲）法国勒阿弗尔墓地法国勒阿弗...

 

 

Islamic Society of Engineers

Not to be confused with Islamic Association of Engineers or Islamic Association of Engineers of Iran. Political party in Iran Islamic Society of Engineers Secretary-GeneralMohammad Reza BahonarFounded1988; 36 years ago (1988)[1]LegalisedMay 28, 1991; 33 years ago (1991-05-28)[2]HeadquartersTehran, IranNewspaperJAM weekly[1]IdeologyConservatism[3]IslamismPolitical positionRight-wing[3]ReligionIslamNational aff...

Nghĩa dũng quân tiến hành khúc

义勇军进行曲 義勇軍進行曲Tiếng Anh: March of the VolunteersYìyǒngjūn JìnxíngqǔBản nhạc Nghĩa dũng quân tiến hành khúcQuốc ca của Trung Quốc Khu ca của Hồng Kông và Ma CaoTên khácNghĩa dũng quân tiến hành khúc (Tiếng Anh: March of the Volunteers)LờiĐiền Hán, 1934NhạcNiếp Nhĩ, 1935Được chấp nhận1949 (Trung Hoa Đại lục) 1997 (Hồng Kông) 1999 (Ma Cao) Nghĩa dũng quân tiến hành khúc (giản thể:...

 

 

Carl Gustaf Ekeberg

Karl Gustaf Ekeberg Född10 januari 1716[1]Danderyds församling[1]Död4 april 1784[1][2][3] (68 år)Tensta församling[1], SverigeMedborgare iSverigeUtbildad vidUppsala universitetKungliga Akademien i Åbo SysselsättningUpptäcktsresande, läkare, författare, kartograf[4]ArbetsgivareSvenska Ostindiska CompanietRedigera Wikidata Karta av Godahoppsudden av Carl Gustaf Ekeberg. Modell av Ostindiefararen Finland mitt i minneshallen på Sjöfartsmuseet Akvariet i Göteborg. Carl ...

 

 

広島県立竹原高等学校

広島県立竹原高等学校 北緯34度20分27.7秒 東経132度54分11.1秒 / 北緯34.341028度 東経132.903083度 / 34.341028; 132.903083座標: 北緯34度20分27.7秒 東経132度54分11.1秒 / 北緯34.341028度 東経132.903083度 / 34.341028; 132.903083過去の名称 私立竹原高等女学校広島県立竹原高等女学校国公私立の別 公立学校設置者  広島県設立年月日 1906年3月17日共学・別学 男�...

Siltcoos, Oregon

Unincorporated community in the state of Oregon, United States Siltcoos (also known as Siltcoos Station) is an unincorporated community in Lane County, Oregon, United States. It is about 13 miles (21 km) south of Florence on the east shore of Siltcoos Lake. The word Siltcoos is Native American and could refer to the name of a local chief or to a family name. It is also possible that Tsilt and Coos translates to plenty elk[1] in the Coosan language and in reference to the coastal...

 

 

Kinshuk Mahajan

Kinshuk MahajanLahirKinshuk Mahajan17 April 1986 (umur 38)Delhi, IndiaAlmamaterAsian Academy of Film & TelevisionPekerjaanAktor, modelTahun aktif2007-sekarangTinggi173 cm (5 ft 8 in)Suami/istriDivya Gupta ​(m. 2011)​Anak2Orang tuaArun Mahajan Poonam Mahajan Kinshuk Mahajan (lahir 17 April 1986) adalah seorang aktor dan model berkebangsaan India yang dikenal karena perannya sebagai Ranveer Rajvansh di Sapna Babul Ka...Bidaai.[1]...