The collective celebrated its 25th anniversary on October 11, 2007 with a premiere of the video Paper Tiger Reads Paper Tiger Television at the Anthology Film Archives. In 2018, in collaboration with Halleck's other collective, Deep Dish Television, Paper Tiger Television released a 10-part video series about resistance to the rise of far-right political movements.[1]
In 1986, Paper Tiger Television created Deep Dish Television, the first grassroots satellite distribution network in the United States. Deep Dish Television distributed the work of independent videomakers, filmmakers, and activists in curated series on a variety of political topics.[3]
Aesthetic and themes
Known for its democratic goals and anti-commercialism agenda, Paper Tiger Television is mainly recognized for incorporating a DIY visual style in its programming. The creators and reporters frequently made use of handmade signs, backdrops, and other unpolished set pieces which had highlighted the grassroots tone of PTTV's videos and drew more attention to the production process. For instance, one of their special live broadcasts begins with a lengthy introduction to PTTV's mission, with the text laid over a brightly colorful backdrop:
"Our lives are increasingly influenced by the large corporations that make and distribute information. Their power rests on false assumptions. This legitimacy is a paper tiger. Investigation into the corporate structure of the media and critical analysis of their methods and meanings can be a way of demystifying the information industry. A critical consciousness about communications is necessary for cultural autonomy and democratic control of information resources."[4]
Archived programs
The archives of Paper Tiger Television house one of the most culturally significant alternative media collections in American history, including critical components of the coinciding technological and artistic evolution of public access television, video art, video activism, and media reform. The complete catalog of over 500 programs can be found at the Paper Tiger Television website.[1]
Protest + Education Can Equal Change: featuring Kathy High, 1992
The Last Graduation: The Rise and Fall of College Programs in Prison, 1997
Cultural impact
Since its launch in the early 1980s; Paper Tiger Television has influenced and supported grassroots media activist organizations by providing an innovative model for community media and spurring the global development of a do-it-yourself (DIY) community media movement.
Among viewers, historians, scholars, and creative media makers[who?], the early age of Paper Tiger Television is remembered for its radical political mission and irreverent, ultra-low-budget antics in emphasizing this mission. PTTV's engagement with critiques of mass culture and politics, and providing of innovative leadership for documentary filmmakers, artists, media literacy educators and social justice media movements around the world helped bring more attention to the potential powers of alternative media combined with the rising technology of broadcast television.
Many PTTV programs examine a particular aspect of the communications industry, from print media to TV to movies, seeing its impact on public perception and opinion. Other videos represent the people and views which are largely absent from the mainstream media. Cultural scholar Douglass Rushkoff describes the impact of PTTV as such:
"Perhaps it was the voltage created by the potential difference between what was airing on the networks and what was actually going on around the country that gave Paper Tiger the burst of energy it needed to become a full-fledged force in national television during the Gulf War."[5]
Dee Dee Halleck, one of PTTV's founders, went on to launch Deep TV (now Deep Dish Satellite Network) in 1986, which was the first national independent satellite network.[6]
^Halleck, Deedee (1984-07-01). "Paper Tiger Television: smashing the myths of the information industry every week on public access cable†". Media, Culture & Society. 6 (3): 313–318. doi:10.1177/016344378400600310. ISSN0163-4437. S2CID144878861.
DeeDee Halleck, Handheld Visions: The Impossible Possibilities of Community Media
Erik Barnouw, Documentary: A History of the Non-Fiction Film
Martha Gever, "Meet the Press: On Paper Tiger Television." in Transmission. Ed. Peter D'Augustino. New York: Tanam, 1985. 215–33.
Marcus, Daniel. "Paper Tiger Television (United States)." Encyclopedia of Social Movement Media, edited by John D. H. Downing, SAGE Reference, 2011, pp. 383–384. Gale Virtual Reference Library.
