Pan-African colours

The traditional flag of Ethiopia, the colours of which have been adopted by numerous pan-African groups.
Unofficial pan-African or UNIA flag

Pan-African colours is a term that may refer to two different sets of colours:

  • Green, yellow and red, the colours of the flag of Ethiopia, have come to represent the pan-Africanist ideology due to the country's history of having avoided being taken over by a colonial power. Numerous African countries have adopted the colours into their national flags, and they are similarly used as a symbol by many Pan-African organisations and the Rastafari movement.
  • Red, black, and green, first introduced by Marcus Garvey in 1920, have also come to represent Pan-Africanism, and are shown on the pan-African flag. These colours have also been incorporated on national flags, and they have sometimes been used to represent black nationalism rather than Pan-Africanism.[1]

Green-yellow-red

Green, yellow, and red are now found on the national flags of many African nations. The colour combination was borrowed from the flag of Ethiopia.[2] The Ethiopian flag has influenced the flags of many Pan-African organizations and polities. Except for relatively brief periods of influence and occupation by the Kingdom of Italy, Ethiopia remained outside European control during the colonial era by defeating the Italian army at the battle of Adwa in 1896, ending the Italian protectorate. As a result, the country drew the admiration of many newly independent states in Africa. The adoption of the Ethiopian national colours by many Pan-African entities is a consequence of this. The first African state to adopt a gold, red and green flag upon independence was Ghana in 1957, designed by Theodosia Okoh.[3][4]

Red-black-green

The Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA) founded by Marcus Garvey has a constitution that defines red, black, and green as the Pan-African colours: "red representing the noble blood that unites all people of African ancestry, the colour black for the people, green for the rich land of Africa."[citation needed] The UNIA flag was designated the official colours of Black Africans by the UNIA at its convention in Madison Square Garden on August 13, 1920, in New York City, United States.

Flags with Pan-African colors

Current country flags with the Pan-African symbolism

The following are countries and territories that use one or both sets of Pan-African colours in their official flags:


Non-national flags

Former flags with pan-African colours

Non pan-African flags with pan-African colours

Although the following flags contain a pan-African colour scheme, they were not officially designed to symbolise pan-Africanism. The designs may or may not be influenced by pan-African colours.

Rastafari colours also originate from the Ethiopian flag, but though Rastafari thought harbours pan-African sympathies, its use of the Ethiopian flag is historically rooted in the veneration of former Ethiopian emperor Haile Selassie.

See also

References

  1. ^ Shelby, Tommie (October 2003). "Two Conceptions of Black Nationalism". Political Theory. 31 (5): 664–692. doi:10.1177/0090591703252826. ISSN 0090-5917. S2CID 145600053.
  2. ^ "Why Most African Flags Use the Red, Yellow, and Green Colors?". medium.com. February 22, 2021. Retrieved March 30, 2022.
  3. ^ "Mrs Theodosia Okoh: The Woman Who Designed The Ghanaian Flag", African Celebs.
  4. ^ Mrs. Theodosia Salome Okoh Profile at GhanaWeb.
  5. ^ "flag of Benin". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  6. ^ "flag of Burkina Faso". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  7. ^ "flag of Cameroon". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  8. ^ "flag of the Central African Republic". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  9. ^ "flag of Chad". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  10. ^ "flag of the Republic of the Congo". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  11. ^ a b "flag of Guinea". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  12. ^ "flag of Guinea-Bissau". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  13. ^ "flag of Mali". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  14. ^ "flag of Senegal". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  15. ^ "flag of Sao Tome and Principe". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  16. ^ "flag of Togo". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  • Znamierowski, Alfred (2001). The World Encyclopedia of Flags: The Definitive Guide to International Flags, Banners, Standards and Ensigns. London: Anness Publishing.

Read other articles:

δ Cassiopeiae Lokasi δ Cassiopeiae (dilingkari) Data pengamatan Epos J2000      Ekuinoks J2000 Rasi bintang Cassiopeia Asensio rekta  01j 25m 48,95147d[1] Deklinasi  +60° 14′ 07,0225″[1] Magnitudo tampak (V) 2,68[2] Ciri-ciri Kelas spektrum A5 IV[3] Indeks warna U−B +0,13[2] Indeks warna B−V +0,13[2] Jenis variabel Algol[4] AstrometriKecepatan rad...

 

Enrico II il SantoEnrico II tra due vescovi, miniatura tratta dal Pontificale di Seeon, 1014-1024 circa, Biblioteca di Stato di Bamberga.Imperatore dei RomaniIn carica14 febbraio 1014 –13 luglio 1024 IncoronazioneRoma, 14 febbraio 1014 PredecessoreOttone III SuccessoreCorrado II Re dei Franchi OrientaliIn carica6 giugno 1002 –13 luglio 1024 IncoronazioneMagonza, 6 giugno 1002 PredecessoreOttone III SuccessoreCorrado II Re degli ItaliciIn carica14 maggio 1004 –13 luglio 10...

 

Isola dei CappucciniGeografia fisicaLocalizzazioneMar Tirreno Coordinate41°09′11.88″N 9°30′06.01″E / 41.1533°N 9.50167°E41.1533; 9.50167Coordinate: 41°09′11.88″N 9°30′06.01″E / 41.1533°N 9.50167°E41.1533; 9.50167 ArcipelagoArcipelago di La Maddalena Superficie0,03 km² Altitudine massima23 m s.l.m. Geografia politicaStato Italia Regione Sardegna Provincia Sassari Comune La Maddalena CartografiaIsola dei Capp...

Liga Leumit 1979-1980 Competizione Liga Leumit Sport Calcio Edizione 39ª Organizzatore IFA Date dall'8 settembre 1979al 10 maggio 1980 Luogo  Israele Partecipanti 16 Risultati Vincitore Maccabi Netanya(4º titolo) Retrocessioni Hakoah Ramat GanBeitar Tel AvivBeitar Gerusalemme Statistiche Miglior marcatore David Lavi (18) Incontri disputati 240 Gol segnati 462 (1,93 per incontro) Cronologia della competizione 1978-1979 1980-1981 Manuale La Liga Leumit 1979-1980 è stata l...

 

Prosody expressing emotion This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (February 2020) Emotional prosody or affective prosody is the various paralinguistic aspects of language use that convey emotion.[1] It includes an individual's tone of voice in speech that is conveyed through changes in pitch, loudness, timbre, speech rate, and paus...

 

追晉陸軍二級上將趙家驤將軍个人资料出生1910年 大清河南省衛輝府汲縣逝世1958年8月23日(1958歲—08—23)(47—48歲) † 中華民國福建省金門縣国籍 中華民國政党 中國國民黨获奖 青天白日勳章(追贈)军事背景效忠 中華民國服役 國民革命軍 中華民國陸軍服役时间1924年-1958年军衔 二級上將 (追晉)部队四十七師指挥東北剿匪總司令部參謀長陸軍�...

Untuk orang lain dengan nama yang sama, lihat James Webb. Jim Webb Senator Amerika Serikat dari VirginiaMasa jabatan3 Januari 2007 – 3 Januari 2013PendahuluGeorge AllenPenggantiTim KaineMenteri Angkatan Laut Amerika SerikatMasa jabatan1 Mei 1987 – 23 Februari 1988PresidenRonald ReaganPendahuluJohn LehmanPenggantiWilliam BallAsisten Menteri untuk Urusan ReserveMasa jabatan3 Mei 1984 – 10 April 1987PresidenRonald ReaganPendahuluJabatan dibentukPenggantiStephen D...

 

Samsung Galaxy S8/S8+Smartphone ProduttoreSamsung SerieGalaxy S Slogan«Unbox Your Phone» Inizio vendita28 aprile 2017, 5 maggio 2017, 12 maggio 2017, 18 maggio 2017, 8 giugno 2017, 21 aprile 2017, 29 aprile 2017 e 25 maggio 2017 PredecessoreSamsung Galaxy S7 SuccessoreSamsung Galaxy S9 ComunicazioneReti2G GSM, 3G HSPA, 4G LTE Quad Band (850/900/1800/1900) ConnettivitàWi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac, dual-band; GPS con A-GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, Galileo; NFC; USB 3.1 tipo C. SoftwareSistema operativo ...

 

Peta infrastruktur dan tata guna lahan di Komune Boissy-le-Cutté.  = Kawasan perkotaan  = Lahan subur  = Padang rumput  = Lahan pertanaman campuran  = Hutan  = Vegetasi perdu  = Lahan basah  = Anak sungaiBoissy-le-CuttéNegaraPrancisArondisemenÉtampesKantonLa Ferté-AlaisAntarkomuneCC Entre Juine et RenardeKode INSEE/pos91080 /  Boissy-le-Cutté merupakan sebuah komune di département Essonne, di region Île-de-France di Prancis. Demografi Menuru...

本條目存在以下問題,請協助改善本條目或在討論頁針對議題發表看法。 此條目可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充。 (2022年12月23日)若您熟悉来源语言和主题,请协助参考外语维基百科扩充条目。请勿直接提交机械翻译,也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依版权协议,译文需在编辑摘要注明来源,或于讨论页顶部标记{{Translated page}}标签。 此條目需要补充更多来源。 (2022年...

 

Lunar valley 20°00′N 31°00′E / 20.0°N 31.0°E / 20.0; 31.0 A labeled aerial photo of the Taurus–Littrow valley (north is at the bottom) Taurus–Littrow is a lunar valley located on the near side at the coordinates 20°00′N 31°00′E / 20.0°N 31.0°E / 20.0; 31.0. It served as the landing site for the American Apollo 17 mission in December 1972, the last crewed mission to the Moon.[1][2] The valley is located on the ...

 

Impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions Impaired redirects here. For other uses, see Impairment (disambiguation). Disability symbols Disability Theory and models Disability theory Ableism / Disablism Medical model Social model Education Mainstreaming Individualized Education Program (IEP) Special needs Special school Special education Learning disability Therapy Physical Occupational Speech Societal implications Disability rights movement Inclusion Normaliza...

Part of a series on theOlympic water polorecords and statistics Topics Overall statistics men women Champions men women Team appearances men women Player appearances men women Medalists men women Top goalscorers men women Goalkeepers men women Flag bearers and oath takers Venues Teams Men's teams Australia Belgium Brazil Canada Croatia Egypt France Germany Great Britain Greece Hungary Italy Japan Kazakhstan Montenegro Netherlands Romania Russia Serbia Serbia and Montenegro Soviet Union Spain...

 

Intercity rail service operated by Amtrak in the northeastern United States This article is about the U.S. passenger train. For other uses, see Acela (disambiguation). AcelaAcela at Rahway, New Jersey, in May 2021OverviewService typeInter-city, high speed tilting trainLocaleNortheast megalopolisPredecessorMetrolinerFirst serviceDecember 11, 2000 (2000-12-11)Current operator(s)AmtrakAnnual ridership2,959,384 (FY23) 38.0%[a][1]RouteTerminiBoston, MassachusettsWash...

 

Before Night FallsPoster rilis teatrikalSutradaraJulian SchnabelProduserJon KilikSkenarioCunningham O'KeefeLázaro Gómez CarrilesJulian SchnabelBerdasarkanBefore Night Fallsoleh Reynaldo ArenasPemeranJavier BardemOlivier MartinezJohnny DeppHéctor BabencoPenata musikCarter BurwellSinematograferXavier Pérez GrobetGuillermo RosasPenyuntingMichael BerenbaumPerusahaanproduksiEl Mar PicturesGrandview PicturesDistributorFine Line FeaturesTanggal rilis 03 September 2000 (2000-09-03) ...

pepsin APepsin membentuk kompleks dengan pepstatin.[1]PengidentifikasiNomor EC3.4.23.1Nomor CAS9001-75-6 Basis dataIntEnztinjauan IntEnzBRENDAentri BRENDAExPASytinjauan NiceZymeKEGGentri KEGGMetaCycjalur metabolikPRIAMprofilStruktur PDBRCSB PDB PDBe PDBsumOntologi GenAmiGO / EGO PencarianPMCartikelPubMedartikelNCBIprotein pepsin BPengidentifikasiNomor EC3.4.23.2Nomor CAS9025-48-3 Basis dataIntEnztinjauan IntEnzBRENDAentri BRENDAExPASytinjauan NiceZymeKEGGentri KEGGMetaCycjalur metabol...

 

Letak Harrisburg di Pennsylvania Harrisburg merupakan sebuah kota di Amerika Serikat. Kota ini letaknya di pesisir timur Amerika Serikat (East Coast). Tepatnya di negara bagian Pennsylvania. Pada tahun 2007, kota ini memiliki jumlah penduduk sebesar 47.196 jiwa dan memiliki luas wilayah 26,9 km². Kota ini memiliki angka kepadatan penduduk sebesar 2.333,3 jiwa/km². Pranala luar Situs resmi Diarsipkan 2011-03-02 di Wayback Machine. Harrisburg Downtown Improvement District Authority Diars...

 

ني ميمي، على اليسار، هي السيدة الأولى الحالية لكيريباتي. النساء في كيريباتي يؤدين رقصة تقليدية. النساء في كيريباتي هن النساء اللاتي يعشنَّ في كيريباتي أو هن من أمة الجزيرة المرجانية كيريباتي. ووصف دور المرأة في كيريباتي، تحليل وضع الأطفال والنساء والشباب (2005) بأنه «يعرف إل...

Ugandan bus company Tondeka Metro Bus ServiceOverviewLocaleKampala Metropolitan Area, UgandaTransit typeBus serviceNumber of linesIn developmentNumber of stationsIn developmentChief executivePeter KimbowaExecutive ChairmanHeadquartersUnion HouseLuthuli AvenueBugoloobi, Kampala, UgandaWebsiteHomepageOperationBegan operationSeptember 1, 2022; 22 months ago (2022-09-01)Operator(s)Tondeka Metro LimitedTechnicalTop speed80 km/h (50 mph) Location within KampalaGeneral in...

 

PastoranoKomuneComune di PastoranoLokasi Pastorano di Provinsi CasertaNegaraItaliaWilayah CampaniaProvinsiCaserta (CE)Luas[1] • Total14,02 km2 (5,41 sq mi)Ketinggian[2]67 m (220 ft)Populasi (2016)[3] • Total2.920 • Kepadatan210/km2 (540/sq mi)Zona waktuUTC+1 (CET) • Musim panas (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)Kode pos81050Kode area telepon0823Situs webhttp://www.pastorano.gov.it Pastorano adalah sebuah...