Pamianthe

Peruvian daffodil
Pamianthe peruviana[3]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Genus: Pamianthe
Stapf[1][2]
Type species
Pamianthe peruviana

Pamianthe is a genus of South American bulbous perennials in the Amaryllis family, subfamily Amaryllidoideae.[4] They can be found in sandy, but rocky areas in Colombia,[5] Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.[1][6]

Papery thin seeds of Pamianthe peruviana
Germinating Pamianthe peruviana Stapf seed with emerging leaf

Description

Immature Pamianthe peruviana Stapf bulb

Generative characteristics

The plants produce umbels of large, fragrant white flowers in the spring. They resemble daffodils, hence the common name Peruvian daffodil for at least one of the species. Pamianthe pollen grains are large and the surface structure is coarsely reticulate.[7] The winged, flattened seeds of Pamianthe have a brownish-black seed coat.[8]

Species

As of July 2019, Plants of the World Online accepts three species:[1]

Formerly included[10]

see Leptochiton

Conservation

Pamianthe peruviana is believed to be extinct in the wild.[11] Pamianthe parviflora is classified as vulnerable (VU).[12]

Ecology

Pollination

The flowers may possibly be moth-pollinated.[13]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Pamianthe Stapf". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2019-07-03.
  2. ^ Stapf, Otto 1933. Gardeners' Chronicle & Agricultural Gazette ser. 3. 93: 106
  3. ^ 1933 illustration from Botanical Magazine 156: plate 9315
  4. ^ Stevens, P.F., Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Amaryllidoideae
  5. ^ a b Meerow, Alan W.; Silverstone-Sopkin, Philip A.; Zuluaga-Tróchez, Alejandro; Sánchez-Taborda, Jhon A. (2019-01-17). "A remarkable new species of Pamianthe (Amaryllidaceae) from the Department of Cauca, Colombia". PhytoKeys (115). Pensoft Publishers: 73–82. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.115.30755. ISSN 1314-2003. PMC 6345734. PMID 30692867.
  6. ^ Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck. (eds.) 2014. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127(1–2): i–viii, 1–1744. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis
  7. ^ Meerow, A. W., & Dehgan, B. (1988). Pollen Morphology of the Eucharideae (Amaryllidaceae). American Journal of Botany, 75(12), 1857–1870. https://doi.org/10.2307/2444740
  8. ^ Meerow, A. W., & Dehgan, B. (1985). The Auriculate Pollen Grain of Hymenocallis quitoensis Herb. (Amaryllidaceae) and its Systematic Implications. American Journal of Botany, 72(4), 540–547. https://doi.org/10.2307/2443586
  9. ^ Meerow, Alan W.; Gardner, Elliot M.; Nakamura, Kyoko (2020-11-05). "Phylogenomics of the Andean Tetraploid Clade of the American Amaryllidaceae (Subfamily Amaryllidoideae): Unlocking a Polyploid Generic Radiation Abetted by Continental Geodynamics". Frontiers in Plant Science. 11. Frontiers Media SA: 582422. doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.582422. ISSN 1664-462X. PMC 7674842. PMID 33250911.
  10. ^ WCSP, World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2015-04-07, search for "Pamianthe"
  11. ^ Kew’s iconic Orchid festival returns for 2025 celebrating the spectacular flora and fauna of Peru. (2024, September 12). Kew. Retrieved November 25, 2024, from https://www.kew.org/about-us/press-media/orchids-2025-announcement
  12. ^ Oleas, N. & Pitman, N. 2003. Pamianthe parviflora. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2003: e.T42808A10754194. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2003.RLTS.T42808A10754194.en. Accessed on 25 November 2024.
  13. ^ Meerow, A. W. (2010). Convergence or reticulation? Mosaic evolution in the canalized American Amaryllidaceae. Diversity, phylogeny and evolution in the monocotyledons, 145-168.


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