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Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority
PNRA
Agency overview
Formed	2001
Preceding agency	Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection;
Jurisdiction	Pakistan
Headquarters	Islamabad, Islamabad Capital Territory
Employees	Classified
Annual budget	Classified
Agency executive	Faizan Mansoor, Chairman;
Website	www.pnra.org

The Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authorityپاکستان نیوکلیئر ریگولیٹری اتھارٹى; (PNRA), is mandated by the Government of Pakistan to regulate the use of nuclear energy, radioactive sources and ionizing radiation. The mission of PNRA is to protect the public, radiation workers and environment from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation by formulating and implementing effective regulations, building a relationship of trust with licensees, and maintaining transparency in its actions and decisions.^[1]

The concept of nuclear regulation existed in 1965 but it only gained full government commission in 2001, with the establishment of the Nuclear Command Authority. The agency was established in 2001 after the President of Pakistan Justice (retired) Rafiq Tarar signed the executive decree, 'Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority Ordinance No.III' in 2000. PNRA opened its operations in 2001 and is headquartered in Islamabad.

History

The nuclear regulatory infrastructure has been in place since 1965, when the Pakistan Research Reactor was commissioned. Established by Pakistani scientists, the regulatory regime was significantly improved when, in 1971, the Karachi Nuclear Power Plant was commissioned. Since then, the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) established the nuclear safety and licensing division at PAEC Headquarters as the de facto regulatory body. The Nuclear Regulatory Authority was upgraded to 'Directorate of Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection' (DNSRP) after the promulgation of the Pakistan Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection Ordinance 1984 by Presidential Order.

In 1994, Pakistan signed the international Convention on Nuclear Safety. As part of the convention, the Directorate of Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection became part of the Government of Pakistan's federal agencies. It was to establish an independent nuclear regulatory body entrusted with the implementation of the legislative and regulatory framework governing nuclear power in Pakistan, radiation use in the country, and to separate regulatory functions from the promotional aspects of Pakistan's nuclear programme.

In 1995, (immediately after signing the Nuclear Convention) the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) had established the Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Board (PNRB) within itself. PNRB was established to oversee regulatory affairs. Complete separation of promotion and regulatory functions and responsibilities was achieved in 2001, when the President of Pakistan promulgated the Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority Ordinance No.III of 2001. Consequently, the Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority (PNRA) was created, dissolving PNRB, and the Directorate of Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection.^[2] The first chairman of PNRA was Jamshed Azim Hashmi who headed the authority till 2009. In 2009, the chairmanship was transferred to Anwar Habib. In 2017, Zaheer Ayub Baig took charge as chairman. In 2021, Faizan Mansoor took charge as chairman.

International cooperation

The PNRA's Directorate of International Cooperation (ICD) is responsible for arranging international training and international cooperation. The ICD facilitates completion of all formalities regarding training or visits (official), abroad of PNRA officials. The ICD takes care of passport and visa issues for PNRA officials, clearances from the government departments, departure formalities, and liaison with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) for departure formalities.

ICD also liaises with other governmental departments regarding visits of experts coming to PNRA from the IAEA and, through bilateral agreements, from other regulatory bodies. It coordinates with Pakistani Embassies abroad for visas, concerned government departments for security matters, PAEC and IAEA.^[3]

Chairman

PNRA is headed by the Chairman since its inception in 2001. Following is the list of PNRA chairmen and their respective tenures.

Numbers	Name	Term Start	Term End	Field
1	Jamshed Azim Hashmi	2001	2009	Mechanical Engineering
2	Anwar Habib, H.I.	2009	2017	Electrical Engineering
3	Zaheer Ayub Baig, H.I.	2017	2021	Health Physics
	Faizan Mansoor, S.I.	2021	Present	Civil Engineering

Full Time Members

Sr.	Name	Term Start	Term End	Official Designation
1	Jawad Azim Hashimi	2001	2005	Member Executive
2	Syed Badshah Hussain	2003	2007	Senior Member
3	M Shakilur Rehman	2005	2010	Member Executive
4	Anwar Habib, H.I.	2007	2009	Member Corporate
5	Dr. Shahid A Malick	2009	2011	Member Corporate
6	Mahboob Ali, S.I.	2011	2016	Member Executive
7	Muhammad Iqbal	2012	2015	Member Corporate
8	Zaheer Ayub Baig, H.I.	Feb 2016	Feb 2017	Member Corporate
9	Faizan Mansoor, S.I.	May 2016	2021	Member Executive
10	Mohammad Saleem Zafar	May 2017	August 2021	Member Corporate
11	Muhammad Rahman	May 2021	Present	Member Executive
12	Naveed Maqbool	August 2017	Present	Member Corporate

Secretaries of PNRA

Sr.	Name	Term Start	Term End	Official Designation
1	Fauzia Ansari	2002	2005	Secretary PNRA
2	M. Shakilur Rahman	2005	2006	Secretary PNRA
3	Abdul Mannan	2006	2016	Secretary PNRA
4	Fauzia Ansari	2016	2019	Secretary PNRA
5	Dr. Mohammad Sadiq	2019	2020	Secretary PNRA
6	Muhammad Muneer	2020	present	Secretary PNRA

Nuclear Facilities under Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority

Nuclear power reactors	Type	Location	Construction started	Commercial operations
PARR-I	MRT/SPR	Nilore, Islamabad Capital Territory	December 21, 1965	June 22, 1966
PARR-II	MNSR/Slowpoke	Nilore, Islamabad Capital Territory	January 21, 1974	June 26, 1974
KANUPP-I	PHWR	Paradise Point, Sindh Province	August 1, 1966	December 7, 1972
KANUPP-II	PWR	Paradise Point, Sindh Province	August 10, 2015	N/A
KANUPP-III	PWR	Paradise Point, Sindh Province	November 4, 2015	N/A
CHASNUPP-I	PWR	Chashma City, Punjab Province	August 1, 1993	September 15, 2000
CHASNUPP-II	PWR	Chashma City, Punjab Province	December 28, 2005	August 31, 2011
CHASNUPP-III	PWR	Chashma City, Punjab Province	April 28, 2009	N/A
CHASNUPP-IV	PWR	Chashma City, Punjab Province	December 18, 2011^[4]	N/A