On October 20, 1983, he was appointed Bishop of the Diocese of Iba, Zambales and served as Bishop for 5 years. Then on January 31, 1989, he was appointed to the Metropolitan See of the Archdiocese of San Fernando as Archbishop, succeeding Archbishop Oscar Cruz and was installed on March 14, 1989.
During his 25-year tenure as Metropolitan Archbishop of San Fernando, Aniceto presided on the installation ceremonies of three Bishops of Balanga namely Honesto Ongtioco (appointed April 8, 1998 and installed June 18, 1998), Socrates Villegas (appointed May 3, 2004 and installed July 3, 2004), and Ruperto Santos (appointed April 1, 2010 and installed July 8, 2010).
On June 24, 2024, during the sede vacante apostolic administration of his successor Florentino Lavarias over the Diocese of Balanga in Bataan while awaiting for the installation of Ruperto Santos' successor as Bishop of Balanga and tenure of Fr. Percival Medina as rector and parish priest, Aniceto, as archbishop-emeritus of San Fernando, presided on a concelebrated mass as main celebrant for the feast of St. John Evangelist in Dinalupihan, Bataan together with the priests of the Diocese of Balanga as concelebrants.