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Class overview
Name	Project 1176 Akula; (NATO: Ondatra class);
Builders	Azovskiy; Rybinsk; Vladivostok;
Operators	Soviet Navy; Russian Navy; Ukrainian Navy; Border Police of Georgia;
Built	1971–2009
In commission	1971–present
Completed	42
General characteristics
Type	Landing craft
Displacement	107.3 tons full load
Length	24.5 m (80 ft 5 in)
Beam	5.2 m (17 ft 1 in)
Draught	1.55 m (5 ft 1 in)
Depth of hold	3.9 m (12 ft 10 in)
Propulsion	2 Type 3D12 diesel engines «Барнаултрансмаш» 3Д12 или 3Д12А (Д-448) или 3Д6С2 (Д-163, Д-184, Д-365) или 3Д6С2-081 (Д-57); 600 bhp (450 kW) 2 x 300 л.с. (3Д12А (Д-448) или 2 x 150 л.с. (3Д6С2, 3Д6С2-081); 2 shaft;
Speed	11.5 knots (21 km/h)
Range	330 nmi (610 km; 380 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h); 500 nmi (930 km; 580 mi) at 5 knots (9 km/h);
Endurance	2 days
Capacity	1 T-72 tank; or 22 troops; or 50 ton cargo;
Complement	5
Sensors and ; processing systems	1 Mius (navigation)

The Ondatra class Soviet designation Project 1176 Akula ("shark") is a class of landing craft built for the Soviet Navy and Russian Navy between 1971 and 2009.

Construction

The vessels were built by the Azovskiy Shipyard, Rybinsk Shipyard and Vladivostok Shipyard. Over 40 vessels of this type were built for service with the Soviet and Russian navies, and additional vessels were built for export. The vessels are designated as type DKA Desantanyy Kater and are similar in type to the US Navy Landing Craft Mechanized (LCM).^[2]^[3]^[4]

The Ondatra landing craft have a limited range, of two days and 330–500 nmi, 610–930 km, 380–580 mi) and have a shallow draught that make them ideal for amphibious operations and littoral combat. The Ivan Rogov-class landing ships carry one Ondatra for use as a tug for its Lebed-class air-cushioned landing craft.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Although still under construction in 2009, the Project 1176 is a 1970s design that is reaching the end of its operational life. The class may be replaced by the newer Project 21820 Dyugon-class landing craft that is currently entering service in the Russian Navy. The Dyugon-class vessels carry two main battle tanks compared to the Ondatra's single tank, it is armed (2 MPTU-1 of 14.5 mm), and can attain 35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph) compared to the Ondatra's 11 knots (20 km/h; 13 mph).^[8]

Ships

42 vessels are documented for the Soviet Navy and Russian Navy.^[9] On 10 November 2023 one Ondatra-class craft was reported destroyed by Ukrainian intelligence near Chornomors'ke, in northern Crimea by a Ukrainian sea drone.^[10]

Name	Builders	Laid down	Launched	Commissioned	Status	Notes
D-335	Azov Shipyard			1 December 1971	Decommissioned in 1990
D-236				1 December 1974	Decommissioned in 1990
MDK-01 (ex-D-237)				13 December 1974	Active from 1992 with the Georgian Navy
D-393				1975	Decommissioned in 1993
D-392				30 December 1975	Decommissioned in 1996
D-634				1 June 1976	Decommissioned in 1993
D-395				1976	Decommissioned in 1995
D-704				30 July 1976	Active
D-705				1 September 1976	Decommissioned in 1995
D-706				1 December 1976	Decommissioned in 1995
D-441				30 April 1976	Decommissioned in 1998
D-444				22 November 1977	Decommissioned in 2002
D-705				22 November 1977	Decommissioned in 1995
D-448				30 November 1977	Decommissioned in 2002
D-280				30 June 1978	Decommissioned in 1996
D-282				30 September 1978	Decommissioned in 2001
D-286				30 November 1978	Decommissioned in 1998
D-254
D-304				30 December 1978	Decommissioned in 1998
D-289	Azov Shipyard			1979	Decommissioned in 1994
Svatovo (ex-D-305)				12 January 1979	Active from 1998 with the Ukrainian Navy; possibly captured by Russia, March 2022^[11]
D-306				10 November 1980	Decommissioned in 1993
D-70				30 July 1981	Active
Azov'				20 May 1981
D-464				30 August 1985
D-465		28 April 1986	20 September 1986	30 December 1986
D-288				1990
MDK-02 (ex-D-293)				1990	Active from 1992 with the Georgian Navy
D-263	Azov Shipyard			30 November 1987	Decommissioned in 2008
D-295				30 December 1989	In reserve
D-460				30 June 1989	Decommissioned in 2005
D-325		15 March 1990	30 August 1990	30 December 1991	Active
D-148				30 December 1993
D-365				1994
PSKA-771	Vympel Shipyard			1995
PSKA-772	Vympel Shipyard			1995
D-182	Azov Shipyard			15 August 1996	Active
D-185	Azov Shipyard			30 December 2000
Nikolai Rubtsov (ex-D-163)	Sokolskaya Shipyard			7 December 2005
D-57	Vostochnaya Verf			23 November 2007
D-184	Sokolskaya Shipyard			2008
D-106	Sokolskaya Shipyard			23 November 2009		Reportedly blew up on a mine near Mariupol (Ukraine) in June 2022^[12]

References

^ "Landing craft - Project 1176, 1176E".
^ Guide to the Soviet Navy (Polmer)
^ Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (Wertheim)
^ russian-ships.info (accessed 1 Mar 2012)
^ Guide to the Soviet Navy (Polmer)
^ Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (Wertheim)
^ russian-ships.info (accessed 1 Mar 2012)
^ russian-ships.info (accessed 1 Mar 2012)
^ "Landing craft - Project 1176, 1176E".
^ Polityuk, Pavel (2023-11-10). "Ukraine sinks two Russian landing boats in Crimea -military". Reuters. Retrieved 2023-11-10.
^ "Analysis: Russian Armed Forces capture dozen Ukrainian ships in Berdyansk".
^ @GirkinGirkin (June 30, 2022). В чат зашел олег морячок (Tweet) (in Russian) – via Twitter.