Nihon Kōki (日本後紀) is an officially commissioned Japanese history text. Completed in 840, it is the third volume in the Six National Histories. It covers the years 792–833.

Following the earlier national history Shoku Nihongi (797), in 819 Emperor Saga ordered the compilation of the years since then. Primarily edited by Fujiwara no Otsugu, Minamoto no Tokiwa, Fujiwara no Yoshino and Fujiwara no Yoshifusa, the text was completed in 840.

Much of the text was lost during the Ōnin and Bunmei Wars in the late 15th century. Of the original 40 volumes, only ten currently exist: 5, 8, 12, 13, 14, 17, 20–22, and 24.

Written in kanbun-style, the contents covered the years 792 through 833. It spans four imperial reigns: Kanmu, Heizei, Saga, Junna. The text is characteristic in that it contains criticism of emperors and officials as well as poetry.

The Nihon Kōki is well known for marking the earliest observation of cherry blossom bloom by the Imperial Court in the year 812, which marks the origin of Hanami. As such, cherry blossom season in Kyoto has been continuously observed for over twelve centuries, which has proven valuable in studying the timing of the seasons, as well as that of climate change.^[1][2]

• Ruijū Kokushi, a categorized and chronological history text of the Six National Histories; valuable resource in recreating the missing contents of the Nihon Kōki

• Kubota, Jun (2007). Iwanami Nihon Koten Bungaku Jiten [Iwanami Dictionary of Japanese Classical Literature] (in Japanese). Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten. ISBN 978-4-00-080310-6. OCLC 122941872.
• Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten: Kan'yakuban [A Comprehensive Dictionary of Classical Japanese Literature: Concise Edition]. Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten. 1986. ISBN 4-00-080067-1. OCLC 22820487.

• Text of the Nihon Kōki (Japanese)
• Manuscript scans, Waseda University Library

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