Nelson power station

Nelson power station
Map
CountryEngland
LocationNelson, Lancashire
Coordinates53°50′48″N 02°12′28″W / 53.84667°N 2.20778°W / 53.84667; -2.20778
StatusDecommissioned and demolished
Construction began1890
Commission date1892
Decommission date1960
OwnersNelson Corporation
(1883–1948)
British Electricity Authority
(1948–1955)
Central Electricity Authority
(1955–1957)
Central Electricity Generating Board
(1958–1960)
OperatorAs owner
Thermal power station
Primary fuelCoal
Turbine technologySteam turbines
Cooling sourceCanal water
Power generation
Units operational1 × 3 MW, 1 × 3.3 MW, 1 × 6.45 MW
Make and modelBrush-Ljungstrom
Nameplate capacity12.75 MW
Annual net output8,079 MWh (1946)
[edit on Wikidata]

Nelson power station supplied electricity to the town of Nelson, Lancashire and the surrounding area from 1892 to 1960. The power station was owned and operated by Nelson Corporation prior to the nationalisation of the British electricity supply industry in 1948. It was redeveloped in 1922 to 1925 to meet the increased demand for electricity.

History

In 1883 Nelson Corporation applied for a Provisional Order under the Electric Lighting Acts to generate and supply electricity to the town. This was granted by the Board of Trade and was confirmed by Parliament through the Electric Lighting Orders Confirmation (No. 4) Act 1883 (46 & 47  Vict. c. ccxvi).[1] The power station was built in Charles Street, Nelson (53° 50′ 48″ N, 2° 12′ 28″ W)[2] and it first supplied electricity in 1892.[3] Further equipment was added to meet the rising demand for electricity; by the 1920s it had a generating capacity of 6,400 kW.[4]

In 1900 a system was inaugurated by Nelson Corporation to generate electricity from domestic refuse.[5]

From the system's establishment in February 1903 the power station supplied electric current to Nelson Corporation Tramways.[6] The tram system was decommissioned in January 1934.

Nelson Corporation charged more for electricity than any other electricity undertaking in the North West. In 1913 Nelson Corporation charged 2.42 d./kWh, compared to Manchester Corporation which charge 1.02 d./kWh.[7]

In 1928 Nelson power station became a 'selected' station in the North West England and North Wales Electricity Scheme. The Central Electricity Board imposed restrictions on the working and use of the station.[8]

The British electricity supply industry was nationalised in 1948 under the provisions of the Electricity Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6 c. 54).[9] The Nelson electricity undertaking was abolished, ownership of Nelson power station was vested in the British Electricity Authority, and subsequently the Central Electricity Authority and the Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB).[5] At the same time the electricity distribution and sales responsibilities of the Nelson electricity undertaking were transferred to the North Western Electricity Board (NORWEB).

Nelson power station was decommissioned in about 1960.[10] There is a 132 kV electricity sub-station on the site.[11]

Equipment specification

In 1895 the plant comprised Willans engines coupled directly to Holmes and Siemens dynamos. The plant had a maximum load of 89 kW.[3]

By 1922 the plant comprised boilers delivering 75,000 lb/h (9.44 kg/s) of steam to:

These machines gave a total generating capacity of 6,400 kW comprising 6,000 kW of alternating current (AC) plus 400 kW of direct current (DC).[4]

Electricity supplies available to consumers were:

  • 400 & 230 Volts, 3-phase, 50 Hz AC
  • 460 & 230 Volts DC
  • 300 V DC Traction current

Plant in 1922–25

New plant was commissioned in 1922 to 1925. This comprised:[12]

  • Boilers:
    • 3 × Babcock & Wilcox 13,000 lb/h (1.64 kg/s) water tube boilers, steam conditions were 200 psi and 600 °F (13.8 bar, 315 °C)
    • 1 × Babcock & Wilcox 20,000 lb/h (2.52 kg/s) water tube boiler, steam conditions as above,
    • There was therefore a total steam raising capability of 59,000 lb/h (7.43 kg/s), steam was supplied to:
  • Generators:
    • 1 × 3 MW Brush-Ljungstrom turbo-alternator
    • 1 × 3.3 MW Brush-Ljungstrom turbo-alternator
    • 1 × 6.45 MW Brush-Ljungstrom turbo-alternator

The total generating capacity was 12.75 MW  at 6.6 kV.[12]

Condenser cooling water was drawn from the nearby Leeds and Liverpool canal.[12]

Operations

Operating data 1898

Electricity sold: to consumers 68,768 kWh.[3]

No. of lamps on circuits: 5,108

Revenue from sales of electricity was £1,345; the cost of generation was £324.[3]

Operating data 1921–23

The electricity supply data for the period 1921–23 was:[4]

Nelson power station supply data 1921–23
Electricity Use Units Year
1921 1922 1923
Lighting and domestic MWh 591.8 725.4 790.0
Public lighting MWh 0 0 0
Traction MWh 302.2 62.1 554.0
Power MWh 639.6 627.7 1,111.6
Bulk supply MWh 108.2 106.5 1,484.9
Total use MWh 1,641.8 1,521.8 3,940.5

Electricity Loads on the system were:[4]

Year 1921 1922 1923
Maximum load kW 826 980 2,800
Total connections kW 5,200 5,713 5,975
Load factor Per cent 25.3 20.0 22.9

Revenue from sales of current (in 1923) was £44,060; the surplus of revenue over expenses (1923) was £22,737.[4]

Operating data 1946

In 1946 Nelson power station supplied 8,079 MWh of electricity, the maximum output load was 6,600 MW.[13]

Operating data 1954–58

Operating data for the period 1954–58 was:[12]

Nelson power station operating data, 1954–58
Year Running hours or load factor (per cent) Max output capacity  MW Electricity supplied MWh Thermal efficiency per cent
1954 763 6 2,795 11.29
1955 581 6 2,173 10.54
1956 277 5 955 9.57
1957 497 4 1,441 9.18
1958 136 4 222 4.22

See also

References

  1. ^ "Local Acts 1883". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  2. ^ Ordnance Survey 6 inch England and Wales, Lancashire LVI.NE (includes: Barrowford; Colne; Nelson.), revised 1909 to 1910, published 1914
  3. ^ a b c d Garcke, Emile (1898). Manual of Electrical Undertakings 1898-99 vol. 3. London: P. S. King and Son. pp. 253–4.
  4. ^ a b c d e Electricity Commissioners (1925). Electricity Supply – 1920–23. London: HMSO. pp. 66–69, 302–07.
  5. ^ a b Electricity Council (1987). Electricity supply in the United Kingdom: a Chronology. London: Electricity Council. pp. 31, 45, 60, 69, 73. ISBN 085188105X.
  6. ^ "Nelson Corporation Tramways". tramwayinfo. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  7. ^ Hannah, Leslie (1979). Electricity before Nationalisation. London: Macmillan. p. 52. ISBN 0333220862.
  8. ^ Electricity Commissioners (1936). Electricity Commissioners, Sixteenth Annual Report April 1935 to March 1936. London: HMSO. p. 180.
  9. ^ "Electricity Act 1947". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  10. ^ Nelson power station is mentioned in Garrett (1959), but not the CEGB Annual Report 1961
  11. ^ "Open Infrastructure Map". Open Infrastructure Map. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  12. ^ a b c d Garrett, Frederick (1959). Garcke's Manual of Electricity Supply vol. 56. London: Electrical Press. pp. A-79 A-128.
  13. ^ Electricity Commissioners (1947). Generation of Electricity in Great Britain year ended 31 December 1946. London: HMSO. p. 11.