Negative selection may refer to:

• Negative selection (natural selection), the selective removal of rare alleles that are deleterious
• Negative selection (artificial selection), when negative, rather than positive, traits of a species are selected for

• Negative selection (immunology), in which B-cells and T-cells that recognize MHC molecules bound to peptides of self-origin, or just MHC molecules with high affinity are deleted from the repertoire of immune cells

• Negative selection (politics), a process that occurs in rigid hierarchies, most notably dictatorships

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