National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics

The National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (Italian: Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale), commonly referred to as OGS, is an Italian public research institution under the supervision of the Italian Ministry of University and Research. It specializes in conducting research in the fields of earth science and oceanography on an international level.[1]

History

On 20 August 1753, the Jesuits established the School of Astronomy and Navigation in response to a request from Empress Maria Theresa of Austria.[2] This school was established to meet the development needs of the free port of Trieste. Over time, the institute underwent several reorganizations and name changes. In 1958, it was established as the Trieste Applied Geophysical Observatory; later in 1999, it was renamed to the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics.[3][4]

Locations

The primary headquarters of the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS) are located in Sgonico (Trieste), Trieste, and Udine.[5]

In addition to these main offices, OGS has also established new offices and laboratories in the following locations:

  1. Venice[6]
  2. Latera (Viterbo)[7]
  3. Panarea (Messina)[8]

Research infrastructures

Since 2019, OGS has been operating the Italian icebreaker R/V Laura Bassi, specifically designed for polar regions, to support the objectives of the National Antarctic Research Program and Italian research in polar areas. This vessel works in conjunction with the R/V OGS Explora, which has been involved in Italian polar scientific research since 1989.[9][10]

OGS holds the national coordination role for the following European infrastructures (ESFRI):

  • EURO-ARGO: The European component of the global system for in situ observation of oceans, polar seas, and marginal seas.[11]
  • ECCSEL: The European infrastructure focused on the capture, utilization, and storage of carbon dioxide.[12]

In addition to this, OGS actively participates in other European infrastructures related to Earth and Ocean Sciences, which are coordinated by other research bodies. These infrastructures include EUROFLEETS,[13] EMSO,[14] EPOS[15] LIFEWATCH-Italy,[16] EMBRC-IT,[17] ICOS,[18] and ECORD.[19]

References

  1. ^ "List of the Italian Research bodies supervised by the Italian Ministry of University and Research". Retrieved 2022-10-07.
  2. ^ A. Böhm, Conrad (1998). 250 anni di astronomia a Trieste [250 years of astronomy in Trieste] (in Italian). Trieste: MGSpress. ISBN 88-86424-51-5.
  3. ^ Provvedimenti per l'Osservatorio geofisico sperimentale di Trieste (73) (in Italian). February 11, 1958. Retrieved 2022-10-07.
  4. ^ "Istituzione dell'Istituto nazionale di geofisica e vulcanologia, nonché disposizioni concernenti gli enti di ricerca vigilati dal Ministero dell'università e della ricerca scientifica e tecnologica, a norma dell'articolo 11 della legge 15 marzo 1997, n. 59. - Art. 7 "Norme sull'Osservatorio geofisico sperimentale e sull'Istituto di ottica ((Legislative decree) 381) (in Italian). September 29, 1999. Retrieved 2023-01-16.
  5. ^ Zar, Federica; Poduie, Aldo (2019). Trieste for Science. APS. ISBN 978-8888291239.
  6. ^ "Official opening of the OGS new office in Venice" (in Italian). 23 September 2021. Retrieved 2023-01-16.
  7. ^ "Latera Natural laboratory". Retrieved 2023-01-16.
  8. ^ "Panarea Natural Laboratory". Retrieved 2023-01-16.
  9. ^ "R/V Laura Bassi on eurofleets.eu". Retrieved 2022-10-07.
  10. ^ Bellon, Cristina (Dec 23, 2020). "In viaggio verso l'Antartide: la rompighiaccio italiana riparte per studiare il clima". La Repubblica. GEDI. Retrieved October 7, 2022.
  11. ^ "EURO-ARGO partners'list eu". Retrieved 2022-10-07.
  12. ^ "ECCSEL partners'list on eccsel.org". Retrieved 2022-10-07.
  13. ^ "EUROFLEETS partner list". Retrieved 2023-01-12.
  14. ^ "EMSO Italy members". Retrieved 2023-01-16.
  15. ^ "EPOS members". Retrieved 2023-01-12.
  16. ^ "LIFEWATCH ITALY members list". Retrieved 2023-01-12.
  17. ^ "EMBRC-IT network". 2023-01-12.
  18. ^ "ICOS Italy Partners". Retrieved 2023-01-12.
  19. ^ "ECORD Management structure". Retrieved 2023-01-12.