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NGC 772
NGC 772
	NGC 772 imaged by the Gemini Observatory
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation	Aries
Right ascension	01h 59m 19.5443s
Declination	+19° 00′ 27.751″
Redshift	0.008236
Heliocentric radial velocity	2469 ± 2 km/s
Distance	105.7 ± 7.5 Mly (32.42 ± 2.29 Mpc)
Apparent magnitude (V)	11.1
Characteristics
Type	SA(s)b
Size	~204,000 ly (62.56 kpc) (estimated)
Apparent size (V)	7.2′ × 4.3′
Other designations
	IRAS 01565+1845, Arp 78, UGC 1466, MCG +03-06-011, PGC 7525, CGCG 461-018

NGC 772 (also known as Arp 78 or the Fiddlehead Galaxy^[3]) is a large unbarred spiral galaxy approximately 106 million light-years away in the constellation Aries. It was discovered on 29 November 1785 by German-British astronomer William Herschel.^[4]

Characteristics

At around 200,000 light years in diameter, NGC 772 is somewhat larger than the Milky Way Galaxy,^[5] and is surrounded by several satellite galaxies – including the dwarf elliptical, NGC 770 – whose tidal forces on the larger galaxy have likely caused the emergence of a single elongated outer spiral arm that is much more developed and stronger than the others arms. Halton Arp includes NGC 772 in his Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as Arp 78, where it is described as a "Spiral galaxy with a small high-surface brightness companion".

NGC 772 probably has a H II nucleus, but it may be a transitional object.^[6]

Supernovae

Three supernovae have been observed in NGC 772:

SN 2003hl (Type II, mag. 16.5) was discovered by LOTOSS (Lick Observatory and Tenagra Observatory Supernova Searches) on 20 August 2003.^[7]^[8]
SN 2003iq (Type II, mag. 16.4) was discovered by Jean-Marie Llapasset on 8 October 2003.^[9]^[10]^[11] This supernova was visible at the same time as SN 2003hl, which was discovered 7 weeks prior.^[12]
SN 2022qze (type II-P, mag. 19.89) was discovered by Pan-STARRS on 8 August 2022.^[13]

Gallery

RGB image of the galaxy NGC 772 and dwarf galaxy NGC 770 (top center) interacting, from the Liverpool Telescope
Center of the galaxy imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope.^[14]

References

^ "Strong-Arming a Galaxy". NOIRLab. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j "Results for object NGC 0772". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. NASA and Caltech. Retrieved 2006-11-25.
^ Stoyan, Ronald; Schurig, Stephan (2014). interstellarum Deep Sky Atlas. Erlangen: Cambridge University Press; Oculum-Verlag GmbH. ISBN 978-1-107-50338-0. OCLC 920437579.
^ Seligman, Courtney. "NGC 772". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
^ Rhee, M. H.; van Albada, T. S. (February 1996). "Short WSRT HI observations of spiral galaxies". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 115: 407–437. Bibcode:1996A&AS..115..407R.
^ Ho, Luis C.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Sargent, Wallace L. W. (October 1997). "A Search for "Dwarf" Seyfert Nuclei. III. Spectroscopic Parameters and Properties of the Host Galaxies". Astrophysical Journal Supplement. 112 (2): 315–390. arXiv:astro-ph/9704107. Bibcode:1997ApJS..112..315H. doi:10.1086/313041. S2CID 17086638.
^ Moore, M.; Li, W.; Boles, T. (2003). "Supernovae 2003hg, 2003hh, 2003hi, 2003hj, 2003hk, 2003hl". International Astronomical Union Circular (8184): 2. Bibcode:2003IAUC.8184....2M.
^ "SN 2003hl". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
^ Yamaoka, H.; Ayani, K. (2003). "Supernovae 2003hl and 2003iq in NGC 772". International Astronomical Union Circular (8219): 2. Bibcode:2003IAUC.8219....2Y.
^ "NGC 772, Supernovae 2003hl and 2003iq". www.kopernik.org. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
^ "SN 2003iq". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
^ Bishop, David. "Supernovae 2003hl and 2003iq in NGC 772". Rochester Astronomy. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
^ "SN 2022qze". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
^ "A Rival to the Milky Way". ESA Hubble. Retrieved 11 November 2019.