NGC 4561

NGC 4561
Hubble Space Telescope image of NGC 4561
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationComa Berenices
Right ascension12h 36m 08.137s[1]
Declination+19° 19′ 21.32″[1]
Redshift0.00454±0.00020[2]
Heliocentric radial velocity1,410 km/s[3]
Distance82 ± 14 Mly (25.2 ± 4.3 Mpc)[4]
Group or clusterVirgo Cluster[5]
Apparent magnitude (B)12.70[3]
Characteristics
TypeSB(rs)dm,[6] Sc(dSc)[3]
Number of stars1.23×109 M☉[5]
Apparent size (V)0.727′ × 0.581′[1] (NIR)
Other designations
2MASX J12360813+1919213, NGC 4561, IC 3569, UGC 7768, PGC 42020[7]

NGC 4561 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on April 13, 1784.[8] This galaxy is located at a distance of 82 ± 14 million light-years (25.2 ± 4.3 Mpc) from the Milky Way,[4] and is a member of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies.[5] It is 13th magnitude with an angular size of 1.5′.[9]

The morphological classification of NGC 4561 in the De Vaucouleurs system is SB(rs)dm,[6] indicating a barred spiral galaxy (SB) with a transitional inner ring structure (rs), loosely wound spiral arms (d), and an irregular appearance with no bulge component (m). The galactic plane is inclined at an angle of 28° to the plane of the sky, with the major axis aligned along a position angle of 60°.[5] It has a star formation rate of 0.23 M☉·yr−1. The net stellar mass of the galaxy is 1.23×109 M☉.[5]

A nuclear X-ray source was detected in NGC 4561 by Chandra, and was determined to be an active galactic nucleus based on XMM-Newton observations. It has a small supermassive black hole at the source, with a mass of at least 2×104 M☉.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b c Skrutskie, Michael F.; et al. (February 1, 2006). "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (2): 1163–1183. Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1163S. doi:10.1086/498708. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 18913331.
  2. ^ Abazajian, Kevork N.; et al. (2009). "The Seventh Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 182 (2): 543–558. arXiv:0812.0649. Bibcode:2009ApJS..182..543A. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/182/2/543. S2CID 14376651.
  3. ^ a b c Voyer, E. N.; et al. (September 2014). "The GALEX Ultraviolet Virgo Cluster Survey (GUViCS). III. The ultraviolet source catalogs". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 569: A124. arXiv:1405.4344. Bibcode:2014A&A...569A.124V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322511. S2CID 118455940. A124.
  4. ^ a b Haynes, Martha P.; et al. (July 2018). "The Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey: The ALFALFA Extragalactic H I Source Catalog". The Astrophysical Journal. 861 (1): 49. arXiv:1805.11499. Bibcode:2018ApJ...861...49H. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aac956. 49.
  5. ^ a b c d e Jiménez-Donaire, María J.; et al. (March 2023). "VERTICO. III. The Kennicutt-Schmidt relation in Virgo cluster galaxies". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 671. id. A3. arXiv:2211.16521. Bibcode:2023A&A...671A...3J. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244718.
  6. ^ a b De Vaucouleurs, Gerard; De Vaucouleurs, Antoinette; Corwin, Herold G.; Buta, Ronald J.; Paturel, Georges; Fouque, Pascal (1991). Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies. Bibcode:1991rc3..book.....D.
  7. ^ "NGC 4561". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2019-05-22.
  8. ^ Seligman, Courtney. "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 4550 - 4599". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2019-05-22.
  9. ^ Frommert, Hartmut. "NGC 4561". spider.seds. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
  10. ^ Araya Salvo, C.; et al. (October 2012). "Discovery of an Active Supermassive Black Hole in the Bulgeless Galaxy NGC 4561". The Astrophysical Journal. 757 (2). id. 179. arXiv:1209.1354. Bibcode:2012ApJ...757..179A. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/757/2/179.