Monocentric chromosome

This section is about centromere number. For optical eyepiece, see Eyepiece § Monocentric.
Duplicated chromosome. (2) identifies the Monocentric centromere—the region that joins the two sister chromatids, or each half of the chromosome. In prophase of mitosis, specialized regions on centromeres called kinetochores attach chromosomes to spindle fibers.

The monocentric chromosome is a chromosome that has only one centromere in a chromosome and forms a narrow constriction.

Monocentric centromeres are the most common structure on highly repetitive DNA in plants and animals.[1]

Structure

Monocentric chromosomes as compared to holocentric chromosomes where the entire length of the chromosome acts as the centromere. In monocentric chromosomes there is one primary constriction and the centromere its CenH3 loci at this location.[2]

Holocentric chromosomes are found throughout the plant and animal kingdoms such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.[3] Holocentric chromosomes do have an evolutionary advantage by preventing the loss of chromosome after a DNA double-strand break.[4]

The centromere is the point of attachment for the mitotic apparatus[5]

Chromosomal aberrations

Deletions, duplications and translocations can produce a polycentric chromosome. This is troublesome for cells that divide often since at the time of anaphase the polycentric chromosome does not move to opposite poles of spindle fiber and the cell dies.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ Barra, V.; Fachinetti, D. (2018). "The dark side of centromeres: Types, causes and consequences of structural abnormalities implicating centromeric DNA". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 4340. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.4340B. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06545-y. PMC 6194107. PMID 30337534.
  2. ^ Neumann, Pavel; Navrátilová, Alice; Schroeder-Reiter, Elizabeth; Koblížková, Andrea; Steinbauerová, Veronika; Chocholová, Eva; Novák, Petr; Wanner, Gerhard; Macas, Jiří (2012). "Stretching the Rules: Monocentric Chromosomes with Multiple Centromere Domains". PLOS Genetics. 8 (6): e1002777. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002777. PMC 3380829. PMID 22737088.
  3. ^ Dernburg, A. F. (2001). "Here, There, and Everywhere: Kinetochore Function on Holocentric Chromosomes". The Journal of Cell Biology. 153 (6): F33–8. doi:10.1083/jcb.153.6.F33. PMC 2192025. PMID 11402076.
  4. ^ Friedman, Steven; Freitag, Michael (2017). Evolving Centromeres and Kinetochores. Advances in Genetics. Vol. 98. pp. 1–41. doi:10.1016/bs.adgen.2017.07.001. ISBN 9780128122808. PMID 28942791.
  5. ^ a b {{Acentric Fragment, In: Sydney Brenner and Jeffrey H. Miller, Editor(s)-in-Chief, Encyclopedia of Genetics, Academic Press, New York, 2001, Page 2, ISBN 978-0-12-227080-2, 10.1006/rwgn.2001.1750.}}
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Centromere.

Read other articles:

Batahan, Mandailing Natal

BatahanKecamatanPeta lokasi Kecamatan BatahanNegara IndonesiaProvinsiSumatera UtaraKabupatenMandailing NatalPemerintahan • Camat-Populasi • Total10,000 jiwaKode Kemendagri12.13.15 Kode BPS1202010 Luas- km²Desa/kelurahan17/1 Batahan adalah sebuah kecamatan di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. Terletak di perbatasan Provinsi Sumatera Utara dan Sumatera Barat (Kabupaten Pasaman Barat).Adalah ujung selatan Sumatera Utara.Terdapat di hilir sungai ...

 

 

Abod

Village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén, HungaryAbodVillage FlagCoat of armsAbodLocation of AbodCoordinates: 48°24′N 20°48′E / 48.400°N 20.800°E / 48.400; 20.800Country HungaryCountyBorsod-Abaúj-ZemplénArea • Total31.16 km2 (12.03 sq mi)Population (2004) • Total282 • Density9.05/km2 (23.4/sq mi)Time zoneUTC+1 (CET) • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)Postal code3753Area code48 Abod is a village in ...

 

 

Undang-Undang Desa

Undang-Undang DesaNama panjangUndang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang DesaDisahkan olehSusilo Bambang YudhoyonoTanggal mulai berlaku15 Januari 2014 Wikisumber memiliki naskah asli yang berkaitan dengan artikel ini: Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Potret wajah anak-anak di sepanjang perairan Sumatera Utara Undang-Undang Desa adalah seperangkat aturan mengenai penyelenggaran pemerintah desa dengan pertimbangan telah berkembang dalam berbagai bentuk s...

Matthew Goode

British actor (born 1978) For the South Australian softgoods retailer, see Matthew Goode (merchant). Matthew GoodeGoode at the 2014 Toronto Film FestivalBorn (1978-04-03) 3 April 1978 (age 46)Exeter, Devon, England[1]Alma materUniversity of BirminghamOccupationActorYears active2002–presentSpouseSophie DymokeChildren3RelativesSally Meen (half-sister) Matthew William Goode (born 3 April 1978) is a British actor.[2] Goode made his screen debut in 2002 with ABC's ...

 

 

Reina Washio

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Desember 2023. Reina Washio Washio Reina (鷲尾伶菜, lahir 20 Januari 1994) adalah seorang vokalis dalam unit vokal dan tari Jepang Flower dan grup kolektif E-girls. Ia dipilih melalui proses audisi seluruh negeri yang disebut EXILE Presents VOCAL BATTLE AUDITION...

 

 

Five College Museums/Historic Deerfield

Museum consortium in Massachusetts, US The Five Colleges and Historic Deerfield Museum Consortium is a consortium of museums in Western Massachusetts and includes art museums which are part of the Five Colleges as well as Historic Deerfield. The Five College Museums maintains a searchable database[1] of the collections of the museums that is among the larger art galleries on the internet.[citation needed] These museums also participate in Museums10.[2] Museums included...

F-4 Phantom II

F-4 Phantom IIF-4 Phantom IITipePesawat tempur pengebomPerancangDavid S. Lewis, Jr.Terbang perdana27 Mei 1958Status1.100 aktif sebagai drone di AS dan aktif di luar ASPengguna utama Amerika SerikatPengguna lain Iran Israel Australia Jerman barat Korea Selatan Jepang YunaniTahun produksi1958–1981Jumlah produksi5.195Harga satuan2,4 juta dolar AS (Rp30,27 Miliar) (1958) F-4 menjatuhkan GBU-15 F-4 Phantom II menjatuhkan Mark 82 F-4 Phantom II pada ILA Air...

 

 

Sociedad Nacional de Radio y Televisión

Este artículo o sección necesita referencias que aparezcan en una publicación acreditada. Busca fuentes: «Sociedad Nacional de Radio y Televisión» – noticias · libros · académico · imágenesEste aviso fue puesto el 6 de diciembre de 2019. Sociedad Nacional de Radio y Televisión Acrónimo SNRTVTipo PrivadaFundación 12 de mayo de 2004Sede central Perú PerúPresidente Michelle Szejer AragonésAsociados Grupo ATVLatina TelevisiónGrupo Plural TVPanamericana Tele...

 

 

Frankie Laine's Golden Hits

1961 compilation album by Frankie LaineFrankie Laine's Golden HitsCompilation album by Frankie LaineReleased1961LabelMercury Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllMusic[1]Billboard[2] Frankie Laine's Golden Hits is a compilation album by Frankie Laine, released in 1961 by Mercury Records.[1][3] The album, available both in mono and in stereo, was a remastered compilation of the singer's early hits such as That Lucky Old Sun, That's My Desire, ...

List of chairmen of the KGB

Chairman of the Committee for State SecurityFlag of the ChairmanLongest servingYuri Andropov18 May 1967–26 May 1982Committee for State SecuritySeatLubyanka Building, 2 Bolshaya Lubyanka Street, Moscow, Russian SFSRAppointerPremierPrecursorMinister of State SecurityFormation13 March 1954First holderIvan SerovFinal holderVadim BakatinAbolished3 December 1991[1]Superseded byHead of the Inter-republican Security Service [ru]DeputyFirst Deputy Chairman The chairman of the K...

 

 

Fish tape

A tool used to install electrical wires in tubes This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Fish tape – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2018) A 75-foot (23 m) steel fish tapeA comparison of nylon (top) and steel (bottom) fish tapes A fish tape (also called a draw wire, d...

 

 

Hoagy Carmichael

Hoagy CarmichaelHoagy Carmichael negli anni '50 Nazionalità Stati Uniti GenereJazzSwing Periodo di attività musicale1927 – 1981 StrumentoPianoforte Sito ufficiale Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Oscar alla migliore canzone 1952Hoagy Carmichael, pseudonimo di Hoagland Howard Carmichael (Bloomington, 22 novembre 1899 – Rancho Mirage, 27 dicembre 1981), è stato un compositore, pianista, cantante e attore statunitense, noto soprattutto per aver composto la...

Nobunaga's Ambition

This article is about the video game series. For the second game in the series, see Nobunaga's Ambition (video game). Video game seriesNobunaga's AmbitionPackaging for the Genesis versionGenre(s)Wargame, turn-based strategy, tactical role-playingDeveloper(s)KoeiPublisher(s)KoeiKoei TecmoCreator(s)Kou ShibusawaPlatform(s) Platforms MSX NEC PC-8801 NEC PC-9801 NES Super NES Game Boy Game Boy Color Game Boy Advance Genesis MS-DOS Mac OS Amiga 3DO Interactive Multiplayer PC Engine Super CD-ROM² ...

 

 

Campionati francesi di ciclismo su strada

Questa voce sull'argomento competizioni ciclistiche è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Campionati francesi di ciclismo su stradaSport Ciclismo su strada TipoGare individuali CategoriaCampionato nazionale FederazioneUnione Ciclistica Internazionale Paese Francia OrganizzatoreFrench Cycling Federation Titolo Campione di Francia CadenzaAnnuale Aperturagiugno PartecipantiVariabile Formula...

 

 

أوغ

محتوى هذه المقالة بحاجة للتحديث. فضلًا، ساعد بتحديثه ليعكس الأحداث الأخيرة وليشمل المعلومات الموثوقة المتاحة حديثًا. (أغسطس 2020) أوغالشعارامتداد الملف .ogg, .ogv, .oga, .ogx, .spx, .opusصيغة وسائط الإنترنت video/ogg, audio/ogg, application/oggنوع الصيغة حاوية وسائطتوقيع الملف/عدد سحري OggSالمطور Xiph.Org Foundat...

Genoa Cricket and Football Club 2013-2014

Voce principale: Genoa Cricket and Football Club. Genoa CFCStagione 2013-2014Sport calcio Squadra Genoa Allenatore Fabio Liverani (1ª-6ª) Gian Piero Gasperini (7ª-38ª) All. in seconda Roberto Murgita (1ª-6ª) Tullio Gritti (7ª-38ª) Presidente Enrico Preziosi Serie A14º Coppa ItaliaTerzo turno Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Perin (30)Totale: Perin (31) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Gilardino (15)Totale: Gilardino (16) StadioLuigi Ferraris (36 599) Abbonati16 677 Maggior nu...

 

 

Sector sur de Santiago

La Autopista Vespucio Sur atraviesa el sector en sentido oriente - poniente, al igual que la línea 4A del Metro de Santiago, en la fotografía junto al Parque La Bandera en San Ramón Vista de San Bernardo desde el Cerro Chena. El sector sur de Santiago se refiere a la denominación que reciben las comunas al sur de la comuna de Santiago. Está compuesto por las comunas de Pedro Aguirre Cerda, San Miguel, San Joaquín, Lo Espejo, La Cisterna, La Granja, San Ramón, El Bosque, San Bernardo y ...

 

 

Robbins' theorem

Equivalence between strongly orientable graphs and bridgeless graphs This article is about Robbins' theorem in graph theory. For Robin's theorem in number theory, see divisor function. In graph theory, Robbins' theorem, named after Herbert Robbins (1939), states that the graphs that have strong orientations are exactly the 2-edge-connected graphs. That is, it is possible to choose a direction for each edge of an undirected graph G, turning it into a directed graph that has a path fro...

日本の書家一覧

日本の歴史嵯峨天皇宸翰 旧石器時代– 紀元前14000年頃縄文時代前14000年頃 – 前10世紀頃弥生時代前10世紀頃 – 後3世紀中頃古墳時代（大和時代）3世紀中頃 – 7世紀頃飛鳥時代0592年 – 0710年奈良時代0710年 – 0794年平安時代0794年 – 1185年　王朝国家10世紀初頭 – 12世紀後期　平氏政権1167年 – 1185年鎌倉時代?年 – 1333年建武の新政1333年 – ...

 

 

地下街

カナダのモントリオール地下街。世界有数の地下街の一つで、地下フロアは複数階層からなり、地上階と連結して一つの都市を形成している。面積は12km2に及び、内部に9つの駅のほか、博物館やホッケー場もある。 地下街（ちかがい）とは、地下に設置された不特定多数の通行のための歩道に面した商店街である。 概要 大都市のターミナル駅で自動車と歩行者とを立�...